Concordance between observations and simulations in the evolution of the mass relation between supermassive black holes and their host galaxies

Abstract

We carry out a comparative analysis of the relation between the mass of supermassive black holes (BHs) and the stellar mass of their host galaxies at $0.2<z<1.7$ using well-matched observations and multiple state-of-the-art simulations (e.g., Massive Black II, Horizon-AGN, Illustris, TNG and a semi-analytic model). The observed sample consists of 646 uniformly-selected SDSS quasars ($0.2<z<0.8$) and 32 broad-line active galactic nuclei (AGNs; $1.2<z<1.7$) with imaging from Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) for the former and Hubble Space Telescope (HST) for the latter. We first add realistic observational uncertainties to the simulation data and then construct a simulated sample in the same manner as the observations. Over the full redshift range, our analysis demonstrates that all simulations predict a level of intrinsic scatter of the scaling relations comparable to the observations which appear to agree with the dispersion of the local relation. Regarding the mean relation, Horizon-AGN and TNG are in closest agreement with the observations at low and high redshift ($z\sim$ 0.2 and 1.5, respectively) while the other simulations show subtle differences within the uncertainties. For insight into the physics involved, the scatter of the scaling relation, seen in the SAM, is reduced by a factor of two and closer to the observations after adopting a new feedback model that considers the geometry of the AGN outflow. The consistency in the dispersion with redshift in our analysis supports the importance of both quasar- and radio-mode feedback prescriptions in the simulations. Finally, we highlight the importance of increasing the sensitivity (e.g., using the James Webb Space Telescope), thereby pushing to lower masses and minimizing biases due to selection effects.

arXiv comment17 pages, 9 figures, Published by ApJ

References in corpus (106)

• Planck 2015 results. XIII. Cosmological parameters
• Galactic Stellar and Substellar Initial Mass Function
• Seven-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Cosmological Interpretation
• The cosmological simulation code GADGET-2
• Nine-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Cosmological Parameter Results
• Simulating the joint evolution of quasars, galaxies and their large-scale distribution
• A Fundamental Relation Between Supermassive Black Holes and Their Host Galaxies
• Coevolution (Or Not) of Supermassive Black Holes and Host Galaxies
• The Demography of Massive Dark Objects in Galaxy Centres
• The EAGLE project: Simulating the evolution and assembly of galaxies and their environments
• Energy input from quasars regulates the growth and activity of black holes and their host galaxies
• E pur si muove: Galiliean-invariant cosmological hydrodynamical simulations on a moving mesh
• Cosmological SPH simulations: A hybrid multi-phase model for star formation
• Introducing the Illustris Project: Simulating the coevolution of dark and visible matter in the Universe
• The Formation of Galactic Disks
• Cosmological Hydrodynamics with Adaptive Mesh Refinement: a new high resolution code called RAMSES
• Simulating Galaxy Formation with the IllustrisTNG Model
• Composite Quasar Spectra From the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• First results from the IllustrisTNG simulations: matter and galaxy clustering
• Central Masses and Broad-Line Region Sizes of Active Galactic Nuclei. II. A Homogeneous Analysis of a Large Reverberation-Mapping Database
• The Relation between Black Hole Mass, Bulge Mass, and Near-Infrared Luminosity
• First results from the IllustrisTNG simulations: the stellar mass content of groups and clusters of galaxies
• On the Black Hole Mass - Bulge Mass Relation
• First results from the IllustrisTNG simulations: the galaxy color bimodality
• The M-sigma and M-L Relations in Galactic Bulges and Determinations of their Intrinsic Scatter
• The EAGLE simulations of galaxy formation: calibration of subgrid physics and model variations
• CIGALE: a python Code Investigating GALaxy Emission
• Properties of galaxies reproduced by a hydrodynamic simulation
• First results from the IllustrisTNG simulations: A tale of two elements -- chemical evolution of magnesium and europium
• Determining Central Black Hole Masses in Distant Active Galaxies and Quasars. II. Improved Optical and UV Scaling Relationships
• Simulating galaxy formation with black hole driven thermal and kinetic feedback
• Simba: Cosmological Simulations with Black Hole Growth and Feedback
• First results from the IllustrisTNG simulations: radio haloes and magnetic fields
• Introducing the Illustris Project: the evolution of galaxy populations across cosmic time
• Spectroscopic Target Selection in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: The Quasar Sample
• A model for cosmological simulations of galaxy formation physics
• Massive Black Holes as Population III Remnants
• Dancing in the dark: galactic properties trace spin swings along the cosmic web
• Cosmological simulations of the growth of supermassive black holes and feedback from active galactic nuclei: method and tests
• Relations Between Central Black Hole Mass and Total Galaxy Stellar Mass in the Local Universe
• The Illustris simulation: the evolving population of black holes across cosmic time
• AGN wind scaling relations and the co-evolution of black holes and galaxies
• The Chandra Deep Field-South Survey: 4 Ms Source Catalogs
• The Illustris Simulation: Public Data Release
• Second Data Release of the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program
• The Chandra COSMOS Legacy survey: overview and point source catalog
• The Horizon-AGN simulation: morphological diversity of galaxies promoted by AGN feedback
• The EAGLE simulations of galaxy formation: public release of halo and galaxy catalogues
• Supermassive black holes and their feedback effects in the IllustrisTNG simulation
• The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Catalog: Fourteenth Data Release
• Self-regulated growth of supermassive black holes by a dual jet/heating AGN feedback mechanism: methods, tests and implications for cosmological simulations
• The MassiveBlack-II Simulation: The Evolution of Halos and Galaxies to z~0
• The origin and implications of dark matter anisotropic cosmic infall on ~L* haloes
• A physical model for cosmological simulations of galaxy formation: multi-epoch validation
• The non-causal origin of the black hole-galaxy scaling relations
• Lenstronomy: multi-purpose gravitational lens modelling software package
• Selection Bias in Observing the Cosmological Evolution of the Mbh-sigma and Mbh-L Relationships
• Chandra Detects Relativistic Broad Absorption Lines from APM 08279+5255
• The Extended Chandra Deep Field-South Survey. Chandra Point-Source Catalogs
• How Mergers May Affect The Mass Scaling Relations Between Black Holes, Galaxies, and Other Gravitationally Bound Systems
• The cosmic evolution of massive black holes in the Horizon-AGN simulation
• The origins of massive black holes
• Black Holes on FIRE: Stellar Feedback Limits Early Feeding of Galactic Nuclei
• Building Merger Trees from Cosmological N-body Simulations
• The Horizon-AGN simulation: evolution of galaxy properties over cosmic time
• Spectral properties of quasars from Sloan Digital Sky Survey data release 14: The catalog
• The SDSS-IV extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: Quasar Target Selection
• The SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: The Quasar Luminosity Function from Data Release Nine
• The Blast Wave Model for AGN Feedback: Effects on AGN Obscuration
• Massive Galaxies in COSMOS: Evolution of Black hole versus bulge mass but not versus total stellar mass over the last 9 Gyrs?
• The mass relations between supermassive black holes and their host galaxies at 1<z<2 with HST-WFC3
• A refined sub-grid model for black hole accretion and AGN feedback in large cosmological simulations
• lenstronomy II: A gravitational lensing software ecosystem
• The Relation between Black Hole Mass and Host Spheroid Stellar Mass out to z~2
• The Subaru/XMM-Newton Deep Survey (SXDS): III. X-Ray Data
• Cosmic Evolution of Black Holes and Spheroids. III. The M-sigma relation in the last six billion years
• Supermassive black holes in cosmological simulations I: M_BH-M_star relation and black hole mass function
• Cosmic Evolution of Black Holes and Spheroids. II: Scaling Relations at z=0.36
• Black hole evolution: III. Statistical properties of mass growth and spin evolution using large-scale hydrodynamical cosmological simulations
• Evidence of a high velocity ionised outflow in a second narrow line quasar PG0844+349
• Gravitational lens modeling with basis sets
• Probing the Coevolution of Supermassive Black Holes and Quasar Host Galaxies
• How rapidly do supermassive black hole "seeds" grow at early times?
• Very high redshift quasars and the rapid emergence of super-massive black holes
• The black hole - bulge mass relation of Active Galactic Nuclei in the Extended Chandra Deep Field - South Survey
• On the evolution of the intrinsic scatter in black hole versus galaxy mass relations
• A Local Baseline of the Black Hole Mass Scaling Relations for Active Galaxies. I. Methodology and Results of Pilot Study
• The relation between black hole mass and velocity dispersion at z~0.37
• Black Hole -- Galaxy Correlations in Simba
• Accounting for selection effects in the BH-bulge relations: No evidence for cosmological evolution
• Triggering Active Galactic Nuclei in Hierarchical Galaxy Formation: Disk instability vs. Interactions
• Evolution in the Black Hole - Galaxy Scaling Relations and the Duty Cycle of Nuclear Activity in Star-Forming Galaxies
• Spin evolution and feedback of supermassive black holes in cosmological simulations
• Assessing the redshift evolution of massive black holes and their hosts
• Co-evolution of massive black holes and their host galaxies at high redshift: discrepancies from six cosmological simulations and the key role of JWST
• Scaling relations between black holes and their host galaxies: comparing theoretical and observational measurements, and the impact of selection effects
• Cosmic Evolution of Black Holes and Spheroids. V. The Relation Between Black Hole Mass and Host Galaxy Luminosity for a Sample of 79 Active Galaxies
• The Sizes of Quasar Host Galaxies with the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program
• Synchronized Co-evolution between Supermassive Black Holes and Galaxies Over the Last Seven Billion Years as Revealed by the Hyper Suprime-Cam
• Correlations Between Black Holes and Host Galaxies in the Illustris and IllustrisTNG Simulations
• The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Reverberation Mapping Project: The M_BH-Host Relations at 0.2<z<0.6 from Reverberation Mapping and Hubble Space Telescope Imaging
• An FMOS Survey of moderate-luminosity broad-line AGN in COSMOS, SXDS and E-CDF-S
• Coevolution Between Supermassive Black Holes and Bulges Is Not Via Internal Feedback Regulation But By Rationed Gas Supply Due To Angular Momentum Distribution
• The Relative Growth of Black Holes and of the Stellar Components of Galaxies
• Testing the fidelity of simulations of black hole - galaxy co-evolution at z ~ 1.5 with observations
• The influence of mergers and ram-pressure stripping on black hole-bulge correlations

Cited by in corpus (3)

• Opening the era of quasar host studies at high redshift with JWST
• A Preferential Growth Channel for Supermassive Black Holes in Elliptical Galaxies at z<2
• BASS. XXXVI. Constraining the Local Supermassive Black Hole - Halo Connection with BASS DR2 AGN