S2COSMOS: Evolution of Gas Mass with Redshift Using Dust Emission

Abstract

We investigate the evolution of the gas mass fraction for galaxies in the COSMOS field using submillimetre emission from dust at 850$\mu$m. We use stacking methodologies on the 850$\mu$m S2COSMOS map to derive the gas mass fraction of galaxies out to high redshifts, 0 <= $z$ <= 5, for galaxies with stellar masses of $10^{9.5}<M_{\ast }({\mathrm{M}}_{\odot })<10^{11.75}$. In comparison to previous literature studies we extend to higher redshifts, include more normal star-forming galaxies (on the main sequence), and also investigate the evolution of the gas mass fraction split by star-forming and passive galaxy populations. We find our stacking results broadly agree with scaling relations in the literature. We find tentative evidence for a peak in the gas mass fraction of galaxies at around $z$ ~ 2.5-3, just before the peak of the star formation history of the Universe. We find that passive galaxies are particularly devoid of gas, compared to the star-forming population. We find that even at high redshifts, high stellar mass galaxies still contain significant amounts of gas.

arXiv comment17 pages (+ 9 pages of appendices), 8 figures (+ 7 figures in appendices), accepted for publication in MNRAS

References in corpus (122)

• Astropy: A Community Python Package for Astronomy
• Planck 2015 results. XIII. Cosmological parameters
• Stellar population synthesis at the resolution of 2003
• Galactic Stellar and Substellar Initial Mass Function
• The Astropy Project: Building an inclusive, open-science project and status of the v2.0 core package
• Cosmic Star Formation History
• Herschel Space Observatory - An ESA facility for far-infrared and submillimetre astronomy
• The CO-to-H2 Conversion Factor
• Infrared Emission from Interstellar Dust. IV. The Silicate-Graphite-PAH Model in the Post-Spitzer Era
• Mass and environment as drivers of galaxy evolution in SDSS and zCOSMOS and the origin of the Schechter function
• The Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS) -- Overview
• Star Formation in AEGIS Field Galaxies since z=1.1 : The Dominance of Gradually Declining Star Formation, and the Main Sequence of Star-Forming Galaxies
• A Simple Model for the Absorption of Starlight by Dust in Galaxies
• The reversal of the star formation-density relation in the distant universe
• Multiwavelength study of massive galaxies at z~2. I. Star formation and galaxy growth
• 3D-HST+CANDELS: The Evolution of the Galaxy Size-Mass Distribution since $z=3$
• CIGALE: a python Code Investigating GALaxy Emission
• A simple model to interpret the ultraviolet, optical and infrared emission from galaxies
• A Cosmology Calculator for the World Wide Web
• The COSMOS2015 Catalog: Exploring the 1<z<6 Universe with half a million galaxies
• Cool Gas in High Redshift Galaxies
• zCOSMOS: A Large VLT/VIMOS redshift survey covering 0 < z < 3 in the COSMOS field
• The Tenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Spectroscopic Data from the SDSS-III Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment
• High molecular gas fractions in normal massive star forming galaxies in the young Universe
• Analysis of galaxy SEDs from far-UV to far-IR with CIGALE: Studying a SINGS test sample
• PHIBSS: molecular gas content and scaling relations in z~1-3 normal star forming galaxies
• The Star-formation Mass Sequence out to z=2.5
• Gas-regulation of galaxies: the evolution of the cosmic sSFR, the metallicity-mass-SFR relation and the stellar content of haloes
• Molecular Gas at High Redshift
• The lesser role of starbursts for star formation at z=2
• The Herschel view of the dominant mode of galaxy growth from z=4 to the present day
• UltraVISTA: a new ultra-deep near-infrared survey in COSMOS
• Gas-to-Dust mass ratios in local galaxies over a 2 dex metallicity range
• PHIBSS: Unified Scaling Relations of Gas Depletion Time and Molecular Gas Fractions
• Identifying Luminous AGN in Deep Surveys: Revised IRAC Selection Criteria
• Combined CO & Dust Scaling Relations of Depletion Time and Molecular Gas Fractions with Cosmic Time, Specific Star Formation Rate and Stellar Mass
• The star formation history of mass-selected galaxies in the COSMOS field
• A Dust-Obscured Massive Maximum-Starburst Galaxy at a Redshift of 6.34
• The CO-to-H2 Conversion Factor and Dust-to-Gas Ratio on Kiloparsec Scales in Nearby Galaxies
• SCUBA-2: The 10000 pixel bolometer camera on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope
• The CO-to-H2 Conversion Factor From Infrared Dust Emission Across the Local Group
• Revisiting the Infrared Spectra of Active Galactic Nuclei with a New Torus Emission Model
• xCOLD GASS: the complete IRAM-30m legacy survey of molecular gas for galaxy evolution studies
• ISM masses and the star formation law at Z = 1 to 6 // ALMA observations of dust continuum in 145 galaxies in the COSMOS survey field
• An interferometric CO survey of luminous submm galaxies
• The Chandra COSMOS Legacy survey: overview and point source catalog
• The Thirteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Spectroscopic Data from the SDSS-IV Survey MApping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory
• A survey of molecular gas in luminous sub-millimetre galaxies
• The GALEX Arecibo SDSS Survey. I. Gas Fraction Scaling Relations of Massive Galaxies and First Data Release
• The VIMOS VLT Deep Survey final data release: a spectroscopic sample of 35016 galaxies and AGN out to z~6.7 selected with 17.5<=i_{AB}<=24.7
• COLD GASS, an IRAM Legacy Survey of Molecular Gas in Massive Galaxies: II. The non-universality of the Molecular Gas Depletion Timescale
• The Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS): Subaru Observations of the HST COSMOS Field
• The SCUBA Local Universe Galaxy Survey II. 450 micron data - evidence for cold dust in bright IRAS Galaxies
• Regularity underlying complexity: a redshift-independent description of the continuous variation of galaxy-scale molecular gas properties in the mass-star formation rate plane
• Evolution of Interstellar Medium, Star Formation, and Accretion at High Redshift
• The Chandra COSMOS Legacy survey: optical/IR identifications
• The SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey: 850um maps, catalogues and number counts
• Star formation and mass assembly in high redshift galaxies
• Evolution of the dust emission of massive galaxies up to z=4 and constraints on their dominant mode of star formation
• The SFR-M* Relation and Empirical Star-Formation Histories from ZFOURGE at 0.5 < z < 4
• HerMES: The SPIRE confusion limit
• The evolution of the dust and gas content in galaxies
• SCUBA-2: on-sky calibration using submillimetre standard sources
• The Evolution of ISM Mass Probed by Dust Emission -- ALMA Observations at z = 0.3 to 2
• An ALMA survey of the SCUBA-2 CLS UDS field: Physical properties of 707 Sub-millimetre Galaxies
• Molecular and atomic gas along and across the main sequence of star-forming galaxies
• The evolution of the dust temperatures of galaxies in the SFR$-M_{\ast }$ plane up to $z$$\sim$$2$
• The impact of interactions, bars, bulges, and AGN on star formation efficiency in local massive galaxies
• A Turnover in the Galaxy Main Sequence of Star Formation at $M_{\ast }\sim 10^{10}{M}_{\odot }$ for Redshifts $z<1.3$
• Constraining the properties of AGN host galaxies with Spectral Energy Distribution modeling
• Cosmic evolution of the atomic and molecular gas content of galaxies
• The COSMOS-WIRCam near-infrared imaging survey: I: BzK selected passive and star forming galaxy candidates at z>1.4
• Herschel-ATLAS: Rapid evolution of dust in galaxies in the last 5 billion years
• SCUBA observations of galaxies with metallicity measurements: a new method for determining the relation between submm luminosity and dust mass
• A systematic metallicity study of DustPedia galaxies reveals evolution in the dust-to-metal ratios
• GAMA/G10-COSMOS/3D-HST: The 0<z<5 cosmic star-formation history, stellar- and dust-mass densities
• Star Formation at $4<z<6$ From the Spitzer Large Area Survey with Hyper-Suprime-Cam (SPLASH)
• The Star Formation History of the Universe as Revealed by Deep Radio Observations
• The PRIsm MUlti-object Survey (PRIMUS). II. Data Reduction and Redshift Fitting
• Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): Accurate Panchromatic Photometry from Optical Priors using LAMBDAR
• On the dust temperatures of high redshift galaxies
• The UV Properties of Star Forming Galaxies I: HST WFC3 Observations of Very-high Redshift Galaxies
• From haloes to Galaxies - I. The dynamics of the gas regulator model and the implied cosmic sSFR history
• DustPedia - A Definitive Study of Cosmic Dust in the Local Universe
• HerMES: The Contribution to the Cosmic Infrared Background from Galaxies Selected by Mass and Redshift
• Resolving the ISM at the peak of cosmic star formation with ALMA - The distribution of CO and dust continuum in z~2.5 sub-millimetre galaxies
• An ALMA survey of the SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey UKIDSS/UDS field: Source catalogue and properties
• Galaxy Cold Gas Contents in Modern Cosmological Hydrodynamic Simulations
• HELP: XID+, The Probabilistic De-blender for Herschel SPIRE maps
• Near-Infrared Properties of I-Drop Galaxies in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field
• A submillimetre galaxy at z=4.76 in the LABOCA survey of the Extended Chandra Deep Field South
• ALMA Spectroscopic Survey in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field: Molecular gas reservoirs in high-redshift galaxies
• HELP: modelling the spectral energy distributions of Herschel detected galaxies in the ELAIS N1 field
• The Subaru COSMOS 20: Subaru Optical Imaging of the HST COSMOS Field with 20 Filters
• Comprehensive comparison of models for spectral energy distributions from 0.1 micron to 1 mm of nearby star-forming galaxies
• The East Asian Observatory SCUBA--2 survey of the COSMOS field: unveiling 1147 bright sub-millimeter sources across 2.6 square degrees
• The SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey: the nature of bright submm galaxies from 2 deg2 of 850-um imaging
• The imprint of rapid star formation quenching on the spectral energy distributions of galaxies
• Can dust emission be used to map the interstellar medium in high-redshift galaxies? Results from the Herschel Reference Survey
• Using dust, gas and stellar mass selected samples to probe dust sources and sinks in low metallicity galaxies
• Photometric redshifts for the next generation of deep radio continuum surveys - I: Template fitting
• HELP: A catalogue of 170 million objects, selected at 0.36-4.5 $\mu$m, from 1270 deg.${}^2$ of prime extragalactic fields
• Spatially-unresolved SED fitting can underestimate galaxy masses: a solution to the missing mass problem
• Missing Stellar Mass in SED Fitting: Spatially Unresolved Photometry can Underestimate Galaxy Masses
• The ISM scaling relations in DustPedia late-type galaxies: A benchmark study for the Local Universe
• Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): Curation and reanalysis of 16.6k redshifts in the G10/COSMOS region
• Planck's dusty GEMS. VI. Multi-J CO excitation and interstellar medium conditions in dusty starburst galaxies at z=2-4
• Multi-wavelength properties of Type 1 and Type 2 AGN Host Galaxies in the Chandra-COSMOS Legacy Survey
• Revealing the Stellar Mass and Dust Distributions of Submillimeter Galaxies at Redshift 2
• Herschel-ATLAS: The Surprising Diversity of Dust-Selected Galaxies in the Local Submillimetre Universe
• H-ATLAS: estimating redshifts of Herschel sources from sub-mm fluxes
• Photometric redshifts for the next generation of deep radio continuum surveys - II. Gaussian processes and hybrid estimates
• Herschel-ATLAS: Revealing dust build-up and decline across gas, dust and stellar mass selected samples: I. Scaling relations
• An Empirical Determination of the Dust Mass Absorption Coefficient, ${\kappa }_d$, Using the Herschel Reference Survey
• Molecular Gas in Submillimetre-Faint, Star-Forming Ultraluminous Galaxies at z>1
• Stars, Dust, and the Growth of UV-Selected Sub-L* Galaxies at Redshift z~2
• Total Molecular Gas Masses of Planck - Herschel Selected Strongly Lensed Hyper Luminous Infrared Galaxies
• G10/COSMOS: 38 band (far-UV to far-IR) panchromatic photometry using LAMBDAR
• Evolution of spatially resolved star formation main sequence and surface density profiles in massive disc galaxies at $0\lesssim z\lesssim 1$: inside-out stellar mass buildup and quenching
• Molecular gas in distant galaxies from ALMA studies
• A Model Connecting Galaxy Masses, Star Formation Rates, and Dust Temperatures Across Cosmic Time
• HELP : The Herschel Extragalactic Legacy Project & The Coming of Age of Multi-Wavelength Astrophysics

Cited by in corpus (11)

• Knocking on giants' doors: I. The evolution of the dust-to-stellar mass ratio in distant dusty galaxies
• A${}^3$COSMOS: A census on the molecular gas mass and extent of main-sequence galaxies across cosmic time
• The KMOS${}^{3D}$ Survey: Investigating the Origin of the Elevated Electron Densities in Star-Forming Galaxies at $1\lesssim z\lesssim 3$
• The Evolving Interstellar Medium of Star-Forming Galaxies, as traced by $\text{Stardust}$
• A High-Resolution Investigation of the Multi-Phase ISM in a Galaxy during the First Two Billion Years
• JWST Observations of Young protoStars (JOYS). HH 211: the textbook case of a protostellar jet and outflow
• Cosmic evolution of the H2 mass density and the epoch of molecular gas
• New-generation dust emission templates for star-forming galaxies
• VALES VI: ISM enrichment in star-forming galaxies up to z$\sim$0.2 using ${}^{12}$CO(1-0), ${}^{13}$CO(1-0) and C${}^{18}$O(1-0) line luminosity ratios
• Tracing the evolutionary pathways of dust and cold gas in high-z quiescent galaxies with SIMBA
• IllustrisTNG and S2COSMOS: possible conflicts in the evolution of neutral gas and dust