An ALMA survey of the SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey UKIDSS/UDS field: Source catalogue and properties

Abstract

We present the catalogue and properties of sources in AS2UDS, an 870-$\mu$m continuum survey with the Atacama Large Millimetre/sub-millimetre Array (ALMA) of 716 single-dish sub-millimetre sources detected in the UKIDSS/UDS field by the SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey. In our sensitive ALMA follow-up observations we detect 708 sub-millimetre galaxies (SMGs) at $>$\,4.3$\sigma$ significance across the $\sim$\,1-degree diameter field. We combine our precise ALMA positions with the extensive multi-wavelength coverage in the UDS field to fit the spectral energy distributions of our SMGs to derive a median redshift of $z_{\mathrm{phot}}=$\,2.61$\pm$0.09. This large sample reveals a statistically significant trend of increasing sub-millimetre flux with redshift suggestive of galaxy downsizing. 101 ALMA maps do not show a $>$\,4.3$\sigma$ SMG, but we demonstrate from stacking {\it Herschel} SPIRE observations at these positions, that the vast majority of these blank maps correspond to real single-dish sub-millimetre sources. We further show that these blank maps contain an excess of galaxies at $z_{\mathrm{phot}}=$\,1.5--4 compared to random fields, similar to the redshift range of the ALMA-detected SMGs. In addition, we combine X-ray and mid-infrared active galaxy nuclei activity (AGN) indicators to yield a likely range for the AGN fraction of 8--28\,\% in our sample. Finally, we compare the redshifts of this population of high-redshift, strongly star-forming galaxies with the inferred formation redshifts of massive, passive galaxies being found out to $z\sim$\,2, finding reasonable agreement -- in support of an evolutionary connection between these two classes of massive galaxy.

Submitted to MNRAS; Comments welcome. Full catalogue will be made publicly available on acceptance of paper

References in corpus (27)

• A Cosmological Framework for the Co-Evolution of Quasars, Supermassive Black Holes, and Elliptical Galaxies: I. Galaxy Mergers & Quasar Activity
• A simple model to interpret the ultraviolet, optical and infrared emission from galaxies
• An Observational Determination of the Bolometric Quasar Luminosity Function
• An ALMA survey of Sub-millimeter Galaxies in the Extended Chandra Deep Field South: Physical properties derived from ultraviolet-to-radio modelling
• The SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey: 850um maps, catalogues and number counts
• The SCUBA HAlf Degree Extragalactic Survey (SHADES) - III. Identification of radio and mid-infrared counterparts to submillimetre galaxies
• The Subaru/XMM-Newton Deep Survey (SXDS) - II. Optical Imaging and Photometric Catalogs
• Kiloparsec-scale dust disks in high-redshift luminous submillimeter galaxies
• An ALMA survey of submillimetre galaxies in the Extended Chandra Deep Field South: High resolution 870um source counts
• The SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey: ALMA resolves the rest-frame far-infrared emission of sub-millimeter galaxies
• ALMA Spectroscopic Survey in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field: Survey Description
• The SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey: ALMA resolves the bright-end of the sub-millimeter number counts
• Evidence for a Population of High-Redshift Submillimeter Galaxies from Interferometric Imaging
• ALMA spectroscopic survey in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field: Continuum number counts, resolved 1.2-mm extragalactic background, and properties of the faintest dusty star forming galaxies
• Testing the Evolutionary Link Between Submillimetre Galaxies and Quasars: CO Observations of QSOs at z~2
• An ALMA Survey of Submillimeter Galaxies in the Extended Chandra Deep Field South: Near-infrared morphologies and stellar sizes
• An ALMA survey of submillimetre galaxies in the Extended Chandra Deep Field South: Spectroscopic redshifts
• Rapidly growing black holes and host galaxies in the distant Universe from the Herschel Radio Galaxy Evolution Project
• Determining the stellar masses of submillimetre galaxies: the critical importance of star formation histories
• An ALMA survey of submillimeter galaxies in the COSMOS field: Multiwavelength counterparts and redshift distribution
• Restframe Optical Spectroscopic Classifications for Submillimeter Galaxies
• The nature of sub-millimeter and highly star-forming galaxies in the EAGLE simulation
• An ALMA survey of submillimetre galaxies in the COSMOS field: Physical properties derived from energy balance spectral energy distribution modelling
• The influence of wavelength, flux, and lensing selection effects on the redshift distribution of dusty, star-forming galaxies
• Very compact millimeter sizes for composite star-forming/AGN submillimeter galaxies
• Clarifying the nature of the brightest submillimetre sources: interferometric imaging of LH850.02
• X-ray Detections of Sub-millimetre Galaxies: Active Galactic Nuclei Versus Starburst Contribution

Cited by in corpus (74)

• An Atlas of Color-selected Quiescent Galaxies at $z>3$ in Public $JWST$ Fields
• The ALMA Spectroscopic Survey Large Program: The Infrared Excess of z=1.5-10 UV-selected Galaxies and the Implied High-Redshift Star Formation History
• An ALMA survey of the SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey UKIDSS/UDS field: High-resolution dust continuum morphologies and the link between sub-millimetre galaxies and spheroid formation
• The East Asian Observatory SCUBA--2 survey of the COSMOS field: unveiling 1147 bright sub-millimeter sources across 2.6 square degrees
• An ALMA/NOEMA survey of the molecular gas properties of high-redshift star-forming galaxies
• An ALMA survey of the brightest sub-millimetre sources in the SCUBA-2 COSMOS field
• Structural evolution in massive galaxies at z~2
• The dust-continuum size of TNG50 galaxies at $z=1-5$: a comparison with the distribution of stellar light, stars, dust and H${}_2$
• An ALMA survey of the S2CLS UDS field: Optically invisible submillimetre galaxies
• Reproducing sub-millimetre galaxy number counts with cosmological hydrodynamic simulations
• The ALMA Spectroscopic Survey in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field: The nature of the faintest dusty star-forming galaxies
• Knocking on giants' doors: I. The evolution of the dust-to-stellar mass ratio in distant dusty galaxies
• KASHz: No evidence for ionised outflows instantaneously suppressing star formation in moderate luminosity AGN at $z$$\sim$$1.4$-$2.6$
• A Multi-wavelength Analysis of the Faint Radio Sky (COSMOS-XS): the Nature of the Ultra-faint Radio Population
• An ALMA Spectroscopic Survey of the Brightest Submillimeter Galaxies in the SCUBA-2-COSMOS field (AS2COSPEC): Survey Description and First Results
• The Structure of Massive Star-Forming Galaxies from JWST and ALMA: Dusty, High Redshift Disk Galaxies
• A Comparison of the Stellar, CO and Dust-Continuum Emission from Three, Star-Forming HUDF Galaxies at $z\sim 2$
• Resolving a dusty, star-forming SHiZELS galaxy at z=2.2 with HST, ALMA and SINFONI on kiloparsec scales
• The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey: the radio view of the cosmic star formation history
• Dust continuum, CO, and [C I] 1-0 lines: self-consistent H2 mass estimates and the possibility of globally CO-dark galaxies at $z=0.35$
• JWST's PEARLS: A JWST/NIRCam view of ALMA sources
• The e-MERLIN Galaxy Evolution Survey (e-MERGE): Overview and Survey Description
• ALMA Lensing Cluster Survey: ALMA-Herschel Joint Study of Lensed Dusty Star-Forming Galaxies across $z\simeq 0.5-6$
• Sub-Millimetre Galaxies with Webb: Near-Infrared Counterparts and Multi-wavelength Morphology
• Tracing the evolution of dust-obscured activity using sub-millimetre galaxy populations from STUDIES and AS2UDS
• An ALMA Survey of the SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey UKIDSS/UDS Field: The Far-infrared/Radio correlation for High-redshift Dusty Star-forming Galaxies
• SUPER V. ALMA continuum observations of z~2 AGN and the elusive evidence of outflows influencing star formation
• Balmer Break Galaxy Candidates at $z\sim 6$: a Potential View on the Star-Formation Activity at $z\gtrsim 14$
• An ALMA Spectroscopic Survey of the Brightest Submillimeter Galaxies in the SCUBA-2-COSMOS Field (AS2COSPEC): Physical Properties of z=2-5 Ultra- and Hyperluminous Infrared Galaxies
• VLA Legacy Survey of Molecular Gas in Massive Star-forming Galaxies at High Redshift
• An ALMA survey of the SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy SurveyUKIDSS/UDS Field: Halo Masses for Submillimetre Galaxies
• Multi-wavelength properties of radio and machine-learning identified counterparts to submillimeter sources in S2COSMOS
• A${}^3$COSMOS and A${}^3$GOODSS: Continuum Source Catalogues and Multi-band Number Counts
• A census of optically dark massive galaxies in the early Universe from magnification by lensing galaxy clusters
• The clustering of submillimeter galaxies detected with ALMA
• GOODS-ALMA: Using IRAC and VLA to probe fainter millimeter galaxies
• S2COSMOS: Evolution of Gas Mass with Redshift Using Dust Emission
• Predicting sub-millimeter flux densities from global galaxy properties
• Charting the main sequence of star-forming galaxies out to redshifts z<5.7
• ALMA 1.3 mm Survey of Lensed Submillimeter Galaxies (SMGs) Selected by Herschel: Discovery of Spatially Extended SMGs and Implications
• ALMACAL IX: multi-band ALMA survey for dusty star-forming galaxies and the resolved fractions of the cosmic infrared background
• The JCMT SCUBA-2 Survey of the James Webb Space Telescope North Ecliptic Pole Time-Domain Field
• Massive galaxy formation caught in action at z~5 with JWST
• A Submillimeter Perspective on the GOODS Fields (SUPER GOODS). V. Deep 450 Micron Imaging
• FIR-luminous [CII] emitters in the ALMA-SCUBA-2 COSMOS survey (AS2COSMOS): The nature of submillimeter galaxies in a 10 comoving Mpc-scale structure at z~4.6
• Nowhere to Hide: Radio-faint AGN in the GOODS-N field. II. Multi-wavelength AGN selection techniques and host galaxy properties
• The submillimetre view of massive clusters at z~0.8-1.6
• SCUBA-2 Ultra Deep Imaging EAO Survey (STUDIES) IV: Spatial clustering and halo masses of 450-$\mu$m-selected sub-millimeter galaxies
• COLDz: Deep 34 GHz Continuum Observations and Free-free Emission in High-redshift Star-forming Galaxies
• Dust Properties of 870 Micron Selected Galaxies in the GOODS-S
• An ALMA survey of the SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey UKIDSS/UDS field: Dust attenuation in high-redshift Lyman break Galaxies
• The SCUBA-2 Large eXtragalactic Survey: 850um map, catalogue and the bright-end number counts of the XMM-LSS field
• NOEMA confirmation of an optically dark ALMA-AzTEC submillimetre galaxy at $z=5.24$. A late-stage starburst prior to quenching
• Over-density of SMGs in fields containing z~0.3 galaxies: magnification bias and the implications for studies of galaxy evolution
• ALMA 26 arcmin${}^2$ survey of GOODS-S at one-millimeter (ASAGAO): millimeter properties of stellar mass selected galaxies
• Morphological Evolution of the Hosts of Far-Infrared/Submillimeter Galaxies
• ASW${}^2$DF: Census of the obscured star formation in a galaxy cluster in formation at $z=2.2$
• ALMACAL VII: First Interferometric Number Counts at 650 $\mu$m
• The nature of sub-millimetre galaxies I: A comparison of AGN and star-forming galaxy SED fits
• Environments of a sample of AzTEC submillimetre galaxies in the COSMOS field
• SCUBA-2 Ultra Deep Imaging EAO Survey (STUDIES). V. Confusion-limited Submillimeter Galaxy Number Counts at 450 $\mu$m and Data Release for the COSMOS Field
• 2mm Observations and the Search for High-Redshift Dusty Star-forming Galaxies
• The SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey: The EGS deep field -- III. The evolution of faint submillimeter galaxies at $z<4$
• Searching for obscured AGN in z $\sim$ 2 submillimetre galaxies
• ALMA Lensing Cluster Survey: Properties of Millimeter Galaxies Hosting X-ray Detected Active Galactic Nuclei
• CONCERTO at APEX -- On-sky performance in continuum
• JWST reveals extended stellar disks for ALMA-bright dusty star-forming galaxies in the Spiderweb protocluster
• Simultaneously Modelling Dusty Star Forming Galaxies and Massive Quiescents: A Calibration Framework for Galaxy Formation Models
• Euclid view of dusty star forming galaxies at z>~1.5 detected in wide area submillimetre surveys
• The Connection between Dusty Star-Forming Galaxies and the First Massive Quenched Galaxies
• Evolution of the infrared luminosity function and its corresponding dust-obscured star formation rate density out to z~6
• Extensive Lensing Survey of Optical and Near-Infrared Dark Objects (El Sonido): HST H-Faint Galaxies behind 101 Lensing Clusters
• The nature of sub-millimetre galaxies II: an ALMA comparison of SMG dust heating mechanisms
• Searching Far and Long I: Pilot ALMA 2mm Follow-up of Bright Dusty Galaxies as a Redshift Filter