The influence of wavelength, flux, and lensing selection effects on the redshift distribution of dusty, star-forming galaxies

Abstract

We interpret the large variety of redshift distributions of galaxies found by far-infrared and (sub-)millimeter deep surveys depending on their depth and wavelength using the Béthermin et al. (2012) phenomenological model of galaxy evolution. This model reproduces without any new parameter tuning the observed redshift distributions from 100 $\mu$m to 1.4 mm, and especially the increase of the median redshift with survey wavelength. This median redshift varies also significantly with the depth of the surveys, and deeper surveys do necessarily not probe higher redshifts. Paradoxically, at fixed wavelength and flux limit, the lensed sources are not always at higher redshift. We found that the higher redshift of 1.4 mm-selected south pole telescope (SPT) sources compared to other SMG surveys is not only caused by the lensing selection, but also by the longer wavelength. This SPT sample is expected to be dominated by a population of lensed main-sequence galaxies and a minor contribution ($\sim$10\%) of unlensed extreme starbursts.

4 pages, 1 table, 4 figures, accepted by A&A

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• An ALMA survey of submillimeter galaxies in the COSMOS field: Multiwavelength counterparts and redshift distribution
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• The ALMA Spectroscopic Survey in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field: The nature of the faintest dusty star-forming galaxies
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• The Herschel Bright Sources (HerBS): Sample definition and SCUBA-2 observations
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• Faint Submillimeter Galaxies identified through their optical/near-infrared colours I: spatial clustering and halo masses
• ALMA Lensing Cluster Survey: ALMA-Herschel Joint Study of Lensed Dusty Star-Forming Galaxies across $z\simeq 0.5-6$
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• The ALMA Frontier Fields Survey - II. Multiwavelength Photometric analysis of 1.1mm continuum sources in Abell 2744, MACSJ0416.1-2403 and MACSJ1149.5+2223
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• ALMACAL IX: multi-band ALMA survey for dusty star-forming galaxies and the resolved fractions of the cosmic infrared background
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• NIKA2 Cosmological Legacy Survey: Survey Description and Galaxy Number Counts
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• 2mm Observations and the Search for High-Redshift Dusty Star-forming Galaxies
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• Searching Far and Long I: Pilot ALMA 2mm Follow-up of Bright Dusty Galaxies as a Redshift Filter
• The NIKA2 cosmological legacy survey at 2 mm: catalogs, colors, redshift distributions, and implications for deep surveys