The relation of cosmic environment and morphology with the star formation and stellar populations of AGN and non-AGN galaxies

Abstract

In this work, we study the relation of cosmic environment and morphology with the star-formation (SF) and the stellar population of galaxies. Most importantly, we examine if this relation differs for systems with active and non-active supermassive black holes. For that purpose, we use 551 X-ray detected active galactic nuclei (AGN) and 16,917 non-AGN galaxies in the COSMOS-Legacy survey, for which the surface-density field measurements are available. The sources lie at redshift of $0.3<\mathrm{z}<1.2$, probe X-ray luminosities of $42<\log [{\mathrm{L}}_{\mathrm{X},2-10keV}(\mathrm{erg}{\mathrm{s}}^{-1})]<44$ and have stellar masses, $10.5<\log [{\mathrm{M}}_{\ast }({\mathrm{M}}_{\odot })]<11.5$. Our results show that isolated AGN (field) have lower SFR compared to non AGN, at all L${}_X$ spanned by our sample. However, in denser environments (filaments, clusters), moderate L${}_X$ AGN ($\log [{\mathrm{L}}_{\mathrm{X},2-10keV}(\mathrm{erg}{\mathrm{s}}^{-1})]>43$) and non-AGN galaxies have similar SFR. We, also, examine the stellar populations and the morphology of the sources in different cosmic fields. For the same morphological type, non-AGN galaxies tend to have older stellar populations and are less likely to have undergone a recent burst in denser environments compared to their field counterparts. The differences in the stellar populations with the density field are, mainly, driven by quiescent systems. Moreover, low L${}_X$ AGN present negligible variations of their stellar populations, in all cosmic environments, whereas moderate L${}_X$ AGN have, on average, younger stellar populations and are more likely to have undergone a recent burst, in high density fields. Finally, in the case of non-AGN galaxies, the fraction of bulge-dominated (BD) systems increases with the density field, while BD AGN are scarce in denser environments. Our results are consistent with a scenario in which a common mechanism, such as mergers, triggers both the SF and the AGN activity.

Accepted for publication in A&A. 10 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables

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