Mid-Infrared Selection of Active Galaxies

Abstract

Mid-infrared photometry provides a robust technique for identifying active galaxies. While the ultraviolet to mid-infrared continuum of normal galaxies is dominated by the composite stellar black body curve and peaks at approximately 1.6 microns, the ultraviolet to mid-infrared continuum of active galaxies is dominated by a power law. Consequently, with sufficient wavelength baseline, one can easily distinguish AGN from stellar populations. Mirroring the tendency of AGN to be bluer than galaxies in the ultraviolet, where galaxies (and stars) sample the blue, rising portion of stellar spectra, AGN tend to be redder than galaxies in the mid-infrared, where galaxies sample the red, falling portion of the stellar spectra. We report on Spitzer Space Telescope mid-infrared colors, derived from the IRAC Shallow Survey, of nearly 10,000 spectroscopically identified sources from the AGN and Galaxy Evolution Survey. Based on this spectroscopic sample, we find that simple mid-infrared color criteria provide remarkably robust separation of active galaxies from normal galaxies and Galactic stars, with over 80% completeness and less than 20% contamination. Considering only broad-lined AGN, these mid-infrared color criteria identify over 90% of spectroscopically identified quasars and Seyfert 1s. Applying these color criteria to the full imaging data set, we discuss the implied surface density of AGN and find evidence for a large population of optically obscured active galaxies.

13 pages, 3 figures; submitted to the Astrophysical Journal Letters

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• Infrared Luminous Lyman Break Galaxies: A Population that Bridges LBGs and SCUBA Galaxies
• Composite Spectral Energy Distributions and Infrared-Optical Colors of Type 1 and Type 2 Quasars
• Fundamental differences in the radio properties of red and blue quasars: enhanced compact AGN emission in red quasars
• Tracing the evolution of Active Galactic Nuclei host galaxies over the last 9 Gyrs of Cosmic time
• Modeling Mid-Infrared Diagnostics of Obscured Quasars and Starbursts
• Spitzer observations of extended Lyman-alpha Clouds in the SSA22 field
• Mid- to far infrared properties of star-forming galaxies and active galactic nuclei
• The Faint End of the Quasar Luminosity Function at z~4
• The NuSTAR Extragalactic Surveys: Initial Results and Catalog from the Extended Chandra Deep Field South
• Spectral Energy Distributions in Three Deep-Drilling Fields of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time: Source Classification and Galaxy Properties
• A large-scale galaxy structure at z = 2.02 associated with the radio galaxy MRC0156-252
• KiDS-SQuaD II: Machine learning selection of bright extragalactic objects to search for new gravitationally lensed quasars
• Decomposing Star Formation and Active Galactic Nucleus with Spitzer Mid-Infrared Spectra: Luminosity Functions and Co-Evolution
• Weighing obscured and unobscured quasar hosts with the CMB
• The Phase Space of z~1.2 SpARCS Clusters: Using Herschel to probe Dust Temperature as a Function of Environment and Accretion History
• Quasar Variability in the Mid-Infrared
• SPITZER SAGE Observations of Large Magellanic Cloud Planetary Nebulae
• A Large Population of Obscured AGN in Disguise as Low Luminosity AGN in Chandra Deep Field South
• Polar dust obscuration in broad-line active galaxies from the XMM-XXL field
• The XMM-SERVS survey: XMM-Newton point-source catalogs for the W-CDF-S and ELAIS-S1 fields
• Heavily Obscured AGN in High Redshift Luminous Infrared Galaxies
• Very compact millimeter sizes for composite star-forming/AGN submillimeter galaxies
• Exploring Infrared Properties of Giant Low Surface Brightness Galaxies
• The characteristic halo masses of half-a-million WISE-selected quasars
• A mid-IR study of Hickson Compact Groups II. Multi-wavelength analysis of the complete GALEX-Spitzer Sample
• A Candidate Dual AGN at z=1.175
• Infrared Spectral Energy Distribution and Variability of Active Galactic Nuclei: Clues to the Structure of Circumnuclear Material
• "Revealing a Population of Heavily Obscured Active Galactic Nuclei at z=0.5-1 in the Chandra Deep Field-South
• Constraining the Outburst Properties of the SMBH in Fornax A through X-ray, Infrared, and Radio Observations
• AGN-enhanced outflows of low-ionization gas in star-forming galaxies at 1.7<z<4.6
• Characterising the Far-infrared Properties of Distant X-ray Detected AGNs: Evidence for Evolution in the Infrared--X-ray Luminosity Ratio
• X-ray flux in the SED modelling: An application of X-CIGALE in the XMM-XXL field
• The AGN-Star Formation Connection: Future Prospects with JWST
• Low-Level Nuclear Activity in Nearby Spiral Galaxies
• Hot-Dust-Poor Quasars in Mid-Infrared and Optically Selected Samples
• Does the AGN Unified Model Evolve with Redshift? Utilizing the X-ray Background to Predict the Mid-Infrared Emission of AGN
• The sub-galactic and nuclear main sequences for local star-forming galaxies
• An obscured AGN population hidden in the VIPERS galaxies: identification through spectral energy distribution decomposition
• A spectroscopic measurement of galaxy formation timescales with ROLES
• The ~0.9 mJy sample: A mid-infrared spectroscopic catalog of 150 infrared-luminous, 24 micron selected galaxies at 0.3<z<3.5
• The roles of star formation and AGN activity of IRS sources in the HerMES fields
• A WISE View of Star Formation in Local Galaxy Clusters
• Overturning the Case for Gravitational Powering in the Prototypical Cooling Lyman-alpha Nebula
• Submillimetre observations of WISE/radio-selected AGN and their environments
• Star Formation in the Bullet Cluster I: The Infrared Luminosity Function and Star Formation Rate
• X-ray Constraints on the AGN Properties in Spitzer-IRS identified z~2 Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies
• Photometric Redshift Calibration Requirements for WFIRST Weak Lensing Cosmology: Predictions from CANDELS
• Red but not dead : Unveiling the Star-forming Far-infrared Spectral Energy Distribution of SpARCS Brightest Cluster Galaxies at 0 < z < 1.8
• Molecular CO(1-0) gas in the z~2 radio galaxy MRC 0152-209
• A mid-IR study of Hickson Compact Groups I : Probing the Effects of Environment in Galaxy Interactions
• The MOSDEF survey: the prevalence and properties of galaxy-wide AGN-driven outflows at $z\sim 2$
• Star-Formation Bimodality in Early-Type Galaxies
• A Catalog of AGN Host Galaxies Observed with HST/ACS: Correlations between Star Formation and AGN Activity
• Far-IR/Submillimeter Spectroscopic Cosmological Surveys: Predictions of Infrared Line Luminosity Functions for z<4 Galaxies
• Supermassive black holes in disk-dominated galaxies outgrow their bulges and co-evolve with their host galaxies
• Updated measurements of the dark matter halo masses of obscured quasars with improved WISE and Planck data
• zBootes : z-band Photometry in the NOAO Deep Wide-Field Survey Bootes Field
• Hidden Starbursts and Active Galactic Nuclei at 0<z<4 from the Herschel-VVDS-CFHTLS-D1 Field: Inferences on Coevolution and Feedback
• An enhanced fraction of starbursting galaxies among high Eddington ratio AGNs
• A tale of two feedbacks: star-formation in the host galaxies of radio-AGN
• The Magellanic Quasars Survey. II. Confirmation of 144 New Active Galactic Nuclei Behind the Southern Edge of the Large Magellanic Cloud
• The infrared emission of ultraviolet selected galaxies from z = 0 to z=1
• Deep, wide-field, global VLBI observations of the Hubble Deep Field North and Flanking Fields
• The Mid-Infrared Properties of X-ray Sources
• A UV to Mid-IR Study of AGN Selection
• HST Grism Confirmation of Two $z\sim 2$ Structures from the Clusters Around Radio-Loud AGN (CARLA) Survey
• The Far-Infrared Radio Correlation at low radio frequency with LOFAR/H-ATLAS
• The Spectral Energy Distributions of Active Galactic Nuclei
• Multiwavelength characterization of faint Ultra Steep Spectrum radio sources : A search for high-redshift radio galaxies
• A probabilistic approach to emission-line galaxy classification
• The Spectral Energy Distributions of Active Galactic Nuclei
• Mid-Infrared Spectroscopic Evidence for AGN Heating Warm Molecular Gas
• WISE TF: A Mid-infrared, 3.4-micron Extension of the Tully-Fisher Relation Using WISE Photometry
• The properties of 70micron selected high-redshift galaxies in the Extended Groth Strip
• Stellar Populations of UV-Selected Active Galactic Nuclei Host Galaxies at z ~ 2 - 3
• Star Formation and AGN activity in Galaxies classified using the 1.6 μm Bump and PAH features at $z=0.4-2$
• Triggered star formation and Young Stellar Population in Bright-Rimmed Cloud SFO 38
• Cold gas in the inner regions of intermediate redshift clusters
• Mid-Infrared Galaxy Luminosity Functions from the AGN and Galaxy Evolution Survey
• Spectropolarimetry of High Redshift Obscured and Red Quasars
• Spatial distribution of star formation related to ionized regions throughout the inner Galactic plane
• Completing the Census of AGN in GOODS-S/HUDF: New Ultra-Deep Radio Imaging and Predictions for JWST
• A near-infrared excess in the continuum of high-redshift galaxies: a tracer of star formation and circumstellar disks?
• The Magellanic Quasars Survey. I. Doubling the Number of Known AGNs Behind the Small Magellanic Cloud
• Infrared Excess Sources: Compton Thick QSOs, low luminosity Seyferts or starbursts?
• Morphologies of Radio, X-Ray, and Mid-Infrared Selected AGN
• AGN Selection Methods Have Profound Impacts on the Distributions of Host Galaxy Properties
• Mergers and interactions in SDSS type 2 quasars at z~0.3-0.4. SDSS J143027.66-005614.8: a case study
• Redshift Distribution of Extragalactic 24 micron Sources
• AEGIS: Radio and Mid-Infrared Selection of Obscured AGN Candidates
• Variability and Multiwavelength Detected AGN in the GOODS Fields
• Hard X-ray selected AGNs in low-mass galaxies from the NuSTAR serendipitous survey
• IRS spectra of two ultraluminous infrared galaxies at z=1.3
• The eMERGE Survey I: Very Large Array 5.5 GHz observations of the GOODS-North Field
• Infrared Contributions of X-Ray Selected Active Galactic Nuclei in Dusty Star-Forming Galaxies
• Giant scattering cones in obscured quasars
• Merging Galaxy Cluster Abell 2255 in Mid-Infrared
• NuSTAR unveils a heavily obscured low-luminosity Active Galactic Nucleus in the Luminous Infrared Galaxy NGC 6286
• AEGIS: A Multi-wavelength Study of Spitzer Power-law Galaxies
• The Near and Mid-infrared photometric properties of known redshift $z\ge 5$ Quasars
• Finding Quasars behind the Galactic Plane. I. Candidate Selections with Transfer Learning
• Young Stellar Objects in the Massive Star-Forming Regions W51 and W43
• Photometric Redshifts in the Hawaii-Hubble Deep Field-North (H-HDF-N)
• A Spectroscopic Survey of WISE-selected Obscured Quasars with the Southern African Large Telescope
• Mid-Infrared Identifications of SCUBA Galaxies in the CUDSS 14-Hour Field with the Spitzer Space Telescope
• A Refined QSO Selection Method Using Diagnostics Tests: 663 QSO Candidates in the LMC
• Host galaxy colour gradients and accretion disc obscuration in AEGIS z~1 X-ray-selected active galactic nuclei
• Evidence for Widespread AGN Activity among Massive Quiescent Galaxies at z ~ 2
• X-ray properties of BzK-selected galaxies in the deepest X-ray fields
• The Optical and Near-Infrared Properties of 2837 Quasars in the UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey (UKIDSS)
• The [OIII] profiles of infrared-selected active galactic nuclei: More powerful outflows in the obscured population
• SDWFS-MT-1: A Self-Obscured Luminous Supernova at z~0.2
• Hard X-Ray to Radio Multiwavelength SED Analysis of Local U/LIRGs in GOALS Sample with Self-consistent AGN Model Including Polar-dust Component
• The protoplanetary disks in the nearby massive star forming region Cygnus OB2
• A deep Chandra, VLA and Spitzer IRAC study of the very low luminosity nucleus of the elliptical NGC821
• Fundamental X-ray Corona Parameters of Swift/BAT AGN
• A deep Chandra look at the low L_B elliptical NGC821: X-ray binaries, a galactic wind and emission at the nucleus
• A Ks and IRAC Selection of High-Redshift Extremely Red Objects
• The WISE-2MASS Survey: Red Quasars Into the Radio Quiet Regime
• A Catalog of Host Galaxies for WISE-Selected AGN: Connecting Host Properties with Nuclear Activity and Identifying Contaminants
• Detection of Star Formation in the Unusually Cold Giant Molecular Cloud G216
• Impacts of a Supersonic Shock Front on Star Formation in the Bullet Cluster
• The Stripe 82 1-2 GHz Very Large Array Snapshot Survey: host galaxy properties and accretion rates of radio galaxies
• Evolution of active galactic nuclei
• Hibernating black holes revealed by photometric mass functions
• A Plethora of AGN Among Lyman Alpha Galaxies at Low Redshift
• A Deep Spitzer Survey of Circumstellar Disks in the Young Double Cluster, h and chi Persei
• The Subaru-XMM-Newton Deep Survey (SXDS) VIII.: Multi-wavelength Identification, Optical/NIR Spectroscopic Properties, and Photometric Redshifts of X-ray Sources
• The Revealing Dust: Mid-Infrared Activity in Hickson Compact Group Galaxy Nuclei
• ACCESS II: A Complete Census of Star Formation in the Shapley Supercluster - UV and IR Luminosity Functions
• SUDARE-VOICE variability-selection of Active Galaxies in the Chandra Deep Field South and the SERVS/SWIRE region
• Robust Identification of Active Galactic Nuclei through HST Optical Variability in GOODS-S: Comparison with the X-ray and mid-IR Selected Samples
• Near-Infrared K and L' Flux Ratios in Six Lensed Quasars
• The QUEST-La Silla AGN Variability Survey: selection of AGN candidates through optical variability
• CLEAR: High-Ionization [Ne V] $\lambda$3426 Emission-line Galaxies at $1.4<z<2.3$
• Kiloparsec-scale radio emission in Seyfert and LINER galaxies
• Chandra and Spitzer observations of CDFS X-ray obscured QSOs
• Candidate Clusters of Galaxies at $z>1.3$ Identified in the Spitzer SPT Deep Field Survey
• A panchromatic view of infrared quasars: excess star formation and radio emission in the most heavily obscured systems
• Properties of AGN Multiband Optical Variability in the HSC SSP Transient Survey
• The Past and Future of Mid-Infrared Studies of AGN
• On R-W1 as A Diagnostic to Discover Obscured Active Galactic Nuclei in Wide-Area X-ray Surveys
• Lower AGN Abundance in Galaxy Clusters at z < 0.5
• Keck spectroscopy of z=1-3 ULIRGs from the Spitzer SWIRE survey
• A Large Population of Luminous Active Galactic Nuclei Lacking X-ray Detections: Evidence for Heavy Obscuration?
• A multiwavelength study of star formation in the vicinity of Galactic HII region Sh2-100
• The SEDs, Host Galaxies and Environments of Variability Selected AGN in GOODS-S
• Active Galactic Nuclei from HeII: a more complete census of AGN in SDSS galaxies yields a new population of low-luminosity AGN in highly star-forming galaxies
• The space density of Compton-thick AGN at z~0.8 in the zCOSMOS-Bright Survey
• A large, deep 3 deg${}^2$ survey of H$\alpha$, [OIII], and [OII] emitters from LAGER: constraining luminosity functions
• The HELLAS2XMM Survey. XII. The infrared/sub-millimeter view of an X-ray selected Type 2 quasar at z=2
• Spectroscopic confirmation of a galaxy cluster associated with 7C1756+6520 at z=1.416
• Structural studies of eight bright rimmed clouds in the southern hemisphere
• Determining the radio AGN contribution to the radio-FIR correlation using the black hole fundamental plane relation
• Spitzer Observations of the North Ecliptic Pole
• Terrestrial Zone Debris Disk Candidates in h and chi Persei
• The VMC Survey - VI. Quasars behind the Magellanic system
• The central energy source of 70micron-selected galaxies: Starburst or AGN?
• Active Galactic Nuclei as seen by the Spitzer Space Telescope
• The QUEST-La Silla AGN Variability Survey
• Uncovering Red and Dusty Ultraluminous X-ray Sources with Spitzer
• [OIII] emission line as a tracer of star-forming galaxies at high redshifts: Comparison between H$\alpha$ and [OIII] emitters at $z$=2.23 in HiZELS
• The Evolution of Star Formation Activity in Cluster Galaxies Over $0.15<z<1.5$
• Unveiling hidden active nuclei in MaNGA star-forming galaxies with HeII$\lambda$4686 line emission
• A census of galaxy constituents in a Coma Progenitor observed at z>3
• Spectral Variability of Radio Sources at Low Frequencies
• High-resolution VLA Imaging of Obscured Quasars: Young Radio Jets Caught in a Dense ISM
• Fundamental differences in the properties of red and blue quasars: measuring the reddening and accretion properties with X-shooter
• AGN in post-mergers from the Ultraviolet Near Infrared Optical Northern Survey
• Continuous Mid-Infrared Star Formation Rate Indicators: Diagnostics for 0<z<3 Star Forming Galaxies
• Spitzer Spectroscopy of Infrared-Luminous Galaxies: Diagnostics of AGN and Star Formation and Contribution to Total Infrared Luminosity
• Circumstellar Disks in the Outer Galaxy: the Star-Forming Region NGC 1893
• Multi-Wavelength Study of a Complete IRAC 3.6micron-Selected Galaxy Sample: a Fair Census of Red and Blue Populations at Redshifts 0.4-1
• JWST/MIRI Simulated Imaging: Insights into Obscured Star-Formation and AGN for Distant Galaxies in Deep Surveys
• Young Stellar Objects in the Massive Star Forming Region W49
• Infrared and X-Ray Evidence of an AGN in the NGC 3256 Southern Nucleus
• THE MOSDEF SURVEY: The Nature of Mid-Infrared Excess Galaxies and a Comparison of IR and UV Star Formation Tracers at z~2
• Classification and environmental properties of X-ray selected point-like sources in the XMM-LSS field
• AzTEC 1.1 mm images of 16 radio galaxies at 0.5<z<5.2 and a quasar at z=6.3
• Dual AGN candidates with double-peaked [O III] lines matching that of confirmed dual AGNs
• Multidimensional Data Driven Classification of Emission-line Galaxies
• The ISM Properties and Gas Kinematics of a Redshift 3 Massive Dusty Star-forming Galaxy
• An Extragalactic Spectroscopic Survey of the SSA22 Field
• Deep ALMA photometry of distant X-ray AGN: improvements in star formation rate constraints, and AGN identification
• Spectroscopic identifications of Spitzer sources in the SWIRE/XMM-NEWTON/ELAIS-S1 field: a large fraction of Active Galactic Nuclei with high F(24micron)/F(R) ratio
• Using the 1.6um Bump to Study Rest-frame NIR Selected Galaxies at Redshift 2
• Radio follow-up of gravitational wave triggers during Advanced LIGO O1
• Ultra Steep Spectrum radio sources in the Lockman Hole: SERVS identifications and redshift distribution at the faintest radio fluxes
• Molecular gas in two companion cluster galaxies at z=1.2
• Near Infrared Spectra and Intrinsic Luminosities of Candidate Type II Quasars at 2 < z < 3.4
• An extinction free AGN selection by 18-band SED fitting in mid-infrared in the AKARI NEP deep field
• A Low Incidence of Mid-Infrared Variability in Dwarf Galaxies
• Identification of BASS DR3 Sources as Stars, Galaxies and Quasars by XGBoost
• Finding Quasars behind the Galactic Plane. II. Spectroscopic Identifications of 204 Quasars at $|b|<20°$
• The OTELO survey. I. Description, data reduction, and multi-wavelength catalogue
• Enhancing the H2O Megamaser Detection Rate Using Optical and Mid-infrared Photometry
• The Origin of the 24-micron Excess in Red Galaxies
• The XMM-Newton survey of the ELAIS-S1 field II: optical identifications and multiwavelength catalogue of X-ray sources
• The AGN Luminosity Fraction in Merging Galaxies
• Tracing PAHs and Warm Dust Emission in the Seyfert Galaxy NGC 1068
• New Young Star Candidates in BRC 27 and BRC 34
• A Multiwavelength view of IC 860: What Is in Action inside Quenching Galaxies
• A Highly Magnified Gravitationally Lensed Red QSO at z = 2.5 with a Significant Flux Ratio Anomaly
• Dispersal timescale of protoplanetary disks in the low-metallicity young cluster Dolidze 25
• WISE detections of known QSOs at redshifts greater than six
• Highly Embedded 8 micron Cores of Star Formation in the Spiral Arms and Filaments of 15 Nearby Disk Galaxies
• The contribution of very massive high-redshift SWIRE galaxies to the stellar mass function
• The AGN contribution to the UV-FIR luminosities of interacting galaxies and its role in identifying the Main Sequence
• Spitzer Photometry of ~1 Million Stars in M31 and 15 Other Galaxies
• The Spitzer discovery of a galaxy with infrared emission solely due to AGN activity
• OH Megamasers in HI Surveys: Forecasts and a Machine Learning Approach to Separating Disks from Mergers
• Discovery of "Warm Dust" Galaxies in Clusters at z~0.3: Evidence for Stripping of Cool Dust in the Dense Environment?
• The BLAST 250-micron selected galaxy population in GOODS-South
• The accretion of a solar mass per day by a 17-billion solar mass black hole
• Chandra Observations of Red Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasars
• X-ray selected Infrared Excess AGN in the Chandra Deep Fields: a moderate fraction of Compton-thick sources
• Molecular gas in type 2 quasars at z~0.2-0.3
• Host Dark Matter Halos of WISE-selected Obscured & Unobscured Quasars: Evidence for Evolution
• Optical and infrared properties of active galactic nuclei in the Lockman Hole
• Passive and star-forming galaxies at $1.4\le z\le 2.5$ in the Aegis field
• The ESO-Spitzer Imaging extragalactic Survey (ESIS) II: VIMOS I,z wide field imaging of ELAIS-S1 and selection of distant massive galaxies
• NuSTAR and Keck Observations of Heavily Obscured Quasars Selected by WISE
• The $z<1.2$ optical luminosity function from a sample of $\sim 410000$ galaxies in bootes
• Ultracool Field Brown Dwarf Candidates Selected at 4.5 microns
• The Lockman Hole project: gas and galaxy properties from a stacking experiment
• A Joint Model of the X-ray And Infrared Extragalactic Backgrounds: I. Model Construction And First Results
• The Spitzer South Pole Telescope Deep Field Survey: Linking galaxies and halos at z=1.5
• The Accretion History of AGN: A Newly Defined Population of Cold Quasars
• Searching for luminous absorbed sources in the WISE AGN catalogue
• The Role of Galaxy Interaction in Environmental Dependence of the Star Formation Activity at z~1.2
• The XMM-Newton deep survey in the CDF-S VI. Obscured AGN selected as infrared power-law galaxies
• Joint NuSTAR and Chandra analysis of the obscured quasar in IC 2497 - Hanny's Voorwerp system
• The Star Formation Reference Survey. I. Survey Description and Basic Data
• Galaxy Clusters in the IRAC Dark Field II: Mid-IR Sources
• PRIMUS: Obscured Star Formation on the Red Sequence
• Spitzer Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy of Distant X-ray Luminous AGN
• Nowhere to Hide: Radio-faint AGN in the GOODS-N field. II. Multi-wavelength AGN selection techniques and host galaxy properties
• Radio Observations of the Hubble Deep Field South Region IV: Optical Properties of the Faint Radio Population
• Evolution of the Stellar Mass Function and Infrared Luminosity Function of Galaxies since $z=1.2$
• Spitzer Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy of 70um-Selected Distant Luminous Infrared Galaxies
• Extending the variability selection of active galactic nuclei in the W-CDF-S and SERVS/SWIRE region
• AGN Activity in Nucleated Galaxies as Measured by Chandra
• The IRAC Dark Field; Far- Infrared to X-ray Data
• The Halo Occupation Distribution of Obscured Quasars: Revisiting the Unification Model
• Photometric Properties of the Most Massive High-Redshift Galaxies
• Beyond Simple AGN Unification with Chandra-observed 3CRR Sources
• Discovery of Two Spectroscopically Peculiar, Low-Luminosity Quasars at z~4
• A High Fraction of Heavily X-ray Obscured Active Galactic Nuclei
• Investigating the Unification of LOFAR-detected powerful AGN in the Boötes Field
• The Nature of Obscuration in AGN: I. Insights from Host Galaxies
• Finding η Car Analogs in Nearby Galaxies Using Spitzer: I. Candidate Selection
• Multi-wavelength landscape of the young galaxy cluster RXJ1257.2+4738 at z=0.866: I. The infrared view
• Infrared colour properties of nearby radio-luminous galaxies
• A Multi-wavelength Survey of AGN in Massive Clusters: AGN Detection and Cluster AGN Fraction
• The Cosmic History of Hot Gas Cooling and Radio AGN Activity in Massive Early-Type Galaxies
• Piercing through Highly Obscured and Compton-thick AGNs in the Chandra Deep Fields. II. Are Highly Obscured AGNs the Missing Link in the Merger-Triggered AGN-Galaxy Coevolution Models?
• The Chandra ACIS Survey of M33 (ChASeM33): Transient X-ray Sources Discovered in M33
• The Clustering and Halo Masses of Star Forming Galaxies at z<1
• The Role of AGN in Luminous Infrared Galaxies from the Multiwavelength Perspective
• Star Formation Rates and Stellar Masses of H-alpha Selected Star-Forming Galaxies at z=0.84: A Quantification of the Downsizing
• The Environment on few Mpc scales of Infrared Luminous Galaxies at Redshifts z~1
• The XXL Survey: XXXI. Classification and host galaxy properties of 2.1 GHz ATCA XXL-S radio sources
• Expanding Shell and Star Formation in the Infrared Dust Bubble N6
• X-ray and optical properties of Broad Absorption Line Quasars in the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Legacy Survey
• Active Galaxy Nuclei at high redshifts: properties and environment of Type 1 and 2 AGNs
• A Generalized Power-Law Diagnostic for Infrared Galaxies at z>1: Active Galactic Nuclei and Hot Interstellar Dust
• Mid-Infrared Selected Quasars I: Virial Black Hole Mass and Eddington Ratios
• Spectral Energy Distributions of type 2 QSOs: obscured star formation at high redshifts
• The Nature of the Faint Low-Frequency Radio Source Population
• A multi-wavelength approach to the properties of Extremely Red Galaxy populations: I - Contribution to the Star Formation Rate density and AGN content
• An Active Galactic Nucleus Recognition Model based on Deep Neural Network
• A deep 1.4 GHz survey of the J1030 equatorial field: a new window on radio source populations across cosmic time
• Physical properties of compact star-forming galaxies at $z\sim 2-3$
• Identifying quasars with astrometric and mid-infrared methods from APOP and ALLWISE
• A Joint Model Of X-ray And Infrared Backgrounds. II. Compton-Thick AGN Abundance
• A unifying evolutionary framework for infrared-selected obscured and unobscured quasar host haloes
• Identification of AGN in the XMM-Newton X-ray survey of the SMC
• Continuum optical-UV and X-ray variability of AGN: current results and future challenges
• The Invisible AGN Catalogue: A Mid-Infrared - Radio Selection Method for Optically-Faint Active Galactic Nuclei
• Spectroscopic Identifications of SWIRE sources in ELAIS-N1
• Spectroscopy of Putative Brown Dwarfs in Taurus
• Discovering Strongly-lensed QSOs From Unresolved Light Curves
• The Clustering of Extremely Red Objects
• The SWIFT AGN and Cluster Survey I: Number Counts of AGN and Galaxy Clusters
• A Multi-Wavelength Study of Low Redshift Clusters of Galaxies I. Comparison of X-ray and Mid-Infrared Selected AGNs
• Herschel observations of a z~2 stellar mass selected galaxy sample drawn from the GOODS NICMOS Survey
• A First Look into the Nature of JWST/MIRI 7.7 micron Sources from SMACS 0723
• Molecular Gas Kinematics and Star Formation Properties of the Strongly-Lensed Quasar Host Galaxy RXS J1131-1231
• Large scale structures around radio galaxies at z~1.5
• Panchromatic Estimation of Star Formation Rates in BzK Galaxies at 1<z<3
• The Evolution of AGN Activity in Brightest Cluster Galaxies
• Radio-loud high-redshift protogalaxy candidates in Bootes
• The dependency of AGN infrared color-selection on source luminosity and obscuration: An observational perspective in CDFS and COSMOS
• Automated Cross-identifying Radio to Infra-red Surveys Using the LRPY Algorithm: A Case Study
• The contribution of AGN to the sub-mm population
• The eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS): The first archetypal Quasar in the feedback phase discovered by eROSITA
• MALS SALT-NOT survey of MIR-selected powerful radio-bright AGN at 0<z<3.5
• A versatile classification tool for galactic activity using optical and infrared colors
• Counterpart identification and classification for eRASS1 and characterisation of the AGN content
• LADUMA: Discovery of a luminous OH megamaser at $z>0.5$
• The Gaia-WISE Extragalactic Astrometric Catalog
• The OTELO survey. III. Demography, morphology, IR luminosity and environment of AGN hosts
• Does AGN Fraction Depend on Redshift or Luminosity? An Extinction-Free Test by 18-band Mid-infrared SED Fitting in the AKARI NEP Wide Field
• Star Formation in High-Redshift Cluster Ellipticals
• A Fully-Identified Sample of AEGIS20 Microjansky Radio Sources
• Chandra Stacking Constraints on the Contribution of 24 micron Spitzer Sources to the Unresolved Cosmic X-ray Background
• Mid-infrared Identification of 6 cm Radio Source Counterparts in the Extended Groth Strip
• Obscuration properties of mid-IR selected AGN
• Optically faint X-ray sources in the CDFN: Spitzer constraints
• AKARI/IRC source catalogues and source counts for the IRAC Dark Field, ELAIS North and the AKARI Deep Field South
• A panchromatic study of BLAST counterparts: total star-formation rate, morphology, AGN fraction and stellar mass
• Deep Near-Infrared Survey Toward the W40 and Serpens South Region in Aquila Rift: A Comprehensive Catalog of Young Stellar Objects
• Obscured AGN enhancement in galaxy pairs at cosmic noon: evidence from a probabilistic treatment of photometric redshifts
• Getting ready for the LSST data -- estimating the physical properties of $z<2.5$ main sequence galaxies
• The Infrared Properties of Sources Matched in the WISE all-sky and Herschel-ATLAS Surveys
• A Chandra and Spitzer census of the young star cluster in the reflection nebula NGC 7129
• Where Do Obscured AGN Fit in A Galaxy's Timeline?
• Maps of Massive Clumps in the Early Stage of Cluster Formation: Two Modes of Cluster Formation, Coeval or Non-Coeval?
• Long-term NIR Variability in the UKIDSS Ultra Deep Survey: a new probe of AGN activity at high redshift
• Active Galactic Nuclei and their Role in Galaxy Evolution: The Infrared Perspective
• A UV Ultra-luminous Lyman Break Galaxy at Z=2.78 in NDWFS Bootes Field
• A comprehensive study of NGC 2023 with XMM-Newton and Spitzer
• Characterization of AGN and their hosts in the Extended Groth Strip: a multiwavelength analysis
• The unification of powerful quasars and radio galaxies and their relation to other massive galaxies
• Linking galaxies to dark matter haloes at $z\sim 1$ : dependence of galaxy clustering on stellar mass and specific star formation rate
• Spectroscopic Confirmation of a Population of Isolated, Intermediate-Mass YSOs
• The effect of the morphological quenching mechanism on star formation activity at 0.5 < z < 1.5 in 3D-HST/CANDELS
• Star formation in the Cometary Globule Ori I-2
• The distribution and lifetime of powerful radio galaxies as a function of environment and redshift
• The radio properties of optically obscured Spitzer sources
• The Environments of Luminous Radio - WISE Selected Infrared Galaxies
• VEXAS: VISTA EXtension to Auxiliary Surveys -- Data Release 2: Machine-learning based classification of sources in the Southern Hemisphere
• The Star Formation Reference Survey. II. Activity demographics and host-galaxy properties for Infrared-selected galaxies
• AGN Triality of Triple Mergers: Multi-wavelength Classifications
• The Impact of the Dusty Torus on Obscured Quasar Halo Mass Measurements
• EFOSC2 Spectroscopy of SWIRE-CDFS Galaxies
• Physical Properties, Star Formation, and Active Galactic Nucleus Activity in Balmer Break Galaxies at 0 < z < 1
• NuSTAR Hard X-ray Observation of the Gamma-ray Binary Candidate HESS J1832-093
• Selection of AGN candidates in the GOODS-South Field through SPITZER/MIPS 24 $\mu$m variability
• An empirical approach to selecting the first growing black hole seeds with JWST/NIRCam
• The VMC Survey -- XLIX. Discovery of a population of quasars dominated by nuclear dust emission behind the Magellanic Clouds
• On the scattering enhancement of Nv1240 emission line of quasi-stellar objects
• A Multiwavelength View of Star Formation in Interacting Galaxies in the Pavo Group
• Revealing the differences in the SMBH accretion rate distributions of starburst and non-starburst galaxies
• Infrared study of the star-forming region associated with the UC HII regions G45.07+0.13 and G45.12+0.13
• The Intriguing Parsec-Scale Radio Structure in the "Offset AGN" KISSR 102
• The SPHEREx Target List of Ice Sources (SPLICES)
• Consistent analysis of the AGN LF in X-ray and MIR in the XMM-LSS field
• A search for X-ray absorbed sources in the 3XMM catalogue, using photometric redshifts and Bayesian spectral fits
• Euclid preparation. Observational expectations for redshift z<7 active galactic nuclei in the Euclid Wide and Deep surveys
• An interacting galaxy pair at the origin of a light echo
• The 1.4 GHz Cosmic Star Formation History at z < 1.3
• Identification of blazar candidates behind Small and Large Magellanic Clouds
• Infrared-detected AGNs in the Local Universe
• Environment of $1\le z\le 2$ obscured and unobscured AGNs in the Extended Chandra Deep Field South
• The Far-Infrared-Radio Correlation in MS0451-03
• X-ray stacking of Lyman break galaxies in the 4\,Ms CDF-S - X-ray luminosities and star formation rates across cosmic time
• Infrared Colours and Spectral Energy Distributions of Hard X-ray Selected Obscured and Compton-thick AGN
• SkyMapper colours of Seyfert galaxies and Changing-Look AGN
• Evidence for non-stellar rest-frame near-IR emission associated with increased star formation in galaxies at $z\sim 1$
• How are Red and Blue Quasars Different? The Radio Properties
• Stellar population and dust extinction in an ultraluminous infrared galaxy at z=1.135
• A multi-band AGN-SFG classifier for extragalactic radio surveys using machine learning
• Tracing Recent Star Formation of Red Early-type Galaxies out to $z$ $\sim$ 1
• A Census of Mid-Infrared Selected Active Galactic Nuclei in Massive Galaxy Clusters at 0 < z < 1.3
• Observing the Earliest Stages of Star Formation in Galaxies: 8 micron Cores in Three Edge-on Disks
• The hunt for red AGN: a new infrared diagnostic
• Infrared spectroscopic confirmation of z~2 photometrically-selected obscured quasars
• Evidence for Non-smooth Quenching in Massive Galaxies at $z\sim 1$
• Extending PLE models into the mid-IR, far-IR & sub-mm
• Beyond Traditional Diagnostics: Identifying Active Galactic Nuclei with Spectral Energy Distribution Fitting in DESI Data
• Multi-wavelength landscape of the young galaxy cluster RXJ1257.2+4738 at z=0.866. II. Morphological properties
• Active galactic nuclei catalog from the AKARI NEP Wide field
• Revealing Dusty Supernovae in High-Redshift (Ultra-)Luminous InfraRed Galaxies Through Near-Infrared Integrated Light Variability
• A New Mid-Infrared and X-ray Machine Learning Algorithm to Discover Compton-thick AGN
• Mid-Infrared and X-ray luminosity correlations of X-ray point sources in NGC 1399
• The Active Nucleus of IC4970: A Nearby Example of Merger-Induced Cold-Gas Accretion
• UV and NIR size of the low-mass field galaxies: the UV compact galaxies
• A Spitzer Unbiased Ultradeep Spectroscopic Survey
• The optical luminosity function of LOFAR radio-selected quasars at $1.4\le z\le 5.0$ in the NDWFS-Boötes field
• Properties of IR selected Active Galactic Nuclei
• A census of young stellar objects in two line-of-sight star forming regions toward IRAS 22147+5948 in the outer Galaxy
• Machine learning applications for the study of AGN physical properties using photometric observations
• Identifying type II quasars at intermediate redshift with few-shot learning photometric classification
• The Physical Properties of Galaxies with Unusually Red Mid-Infrared Colours
• pop-cosmos: Insights from generative modeling of a deep, infrared-selected galaxy population
• Star formation history of $0.1\le \text{z}\le 1.5$ mass-selected galaxies in the ELAIS-N1 Field
• Study of young stellar objects and associated filamentary structures in the inner Galaxy
• A Large Massive Quiescent Galaxy Sample at z~1.2
• Role of AGNs in the Luminous Infrared Galaxy phase since z ~ 3
• A Complete 16 micron-Selected Galaxy Sample at $z\sim 1$: Mid-infrared Spectral Energy Distributions
• Star formation and black hole accretion activity in rich local clusters of galaxies
• HII region G46.5-0.2: the interplay between ionizing radiation, molecular gas and star formation
• Quantifying the Active Galactic Nuclei Fraction in Cosmic Voids via Mid-Infrared Variability
• A Statistical Study of H I Gas in Nearby Narrow-Line AGN-Hosting Galaxies
• Triggering nuclear and galaxy activity in the Bullet cluster
• The Star Formation Reference Survey. IV. Stellar mass distribution of local star-forming galaxies
• Spectroscopic characterization of the protocluster of galaxies around 7C 1756+6520 at z ~ 1.4
• Study of Star-formation in Dual Nuclei Galaxies using UVIT observations
• The Lockman--SpReSO project. Main properties of infrared selected star-forming galaxies
• Multiwavelength survey of X-ray sources in the Sculptor Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy
• The Dirt on Dry Mergers
• AGN counts at 15um. XMM observations of the ELAIS-S1-5 sample
• Environmental Effects on the Star Formation Activity at z~0.9 in the COSMOS Field
• Obscuration by Gas and Dust in Luminous Quasars
• Discovery of two quasars at $z=5$ from the OGLE Survey
• The Nature and Likely Redshift of GLEAM J0917-0012
• On the Origin of the Strong Optical Variability of Emission-line Galaxies
• Lower-Luminosity Obscured AGN Host Galaxies are Not Predominantly in Major-Merging Systems at Cosmic Noon
• The Feasibility and Flexibility of Selecting Quasars by Variability Using Ensemble Machine Learning Algorithms
• Star formation activity in a young galaxy cluster at z=0.866
• Properties of Near-Infrared Selected AGN Candidates with 2MASS/ROSAT Catalogues
• Obscured accretion from AGN surveys
• Host galaxy and nuclear properties of IR-selected AGNs with and without outflow signatures
• PEARLS: Discovery of Point-Source Features Within Galaxies in the North Ecliptic Pole Time Domain Field
• Enhanced AGN Activity in Overdense Galactic Environments at $2<z<4$
• Harnessing the XMM-Newton data: X-ray spectral modelling of 4XMM-DR11 detections and 4XMM-DR11s sources
• Probing the Infrared/Radio correlation of the full IRAS Revised Bright Galaxy Sample with MeerKAT and the VLA
• Radio properties of high-redshift galaxies at $z\ge 1$
• The Nature of LoBAL QSOs: II. HST/WFC3 Observations Reveal Host Galaxies Dominated by Mergers
• Decadal Variability Survey in MACSJ1149
• Mid-infrared Variability-based AGN Selection using the Multi-epoch Photometric Data from WISE
• Dark matter halos of luminous AGNs from galaxy-galaxy lensing with the HSC Subaru Strategic Program
• A galaxy cluster in the innermost Zone of Avoidance, close to the radio phoenix VLSSJ2217.5+594
• AGN Absorption Linked to Host Galaxies
• Effectiveness of WISE colour-based selection techniques to uncover obscured AGN
• Obscured and unobscured X-ray AGNs I: Host galaxy properties
• Detection of radio-AGN in dust-obscured galaxies using deep uGMRT radio continuum observations
• The galaxy starburst/main-sequence bimodality over five decades in stellar mass at z ~ 3-6.5
• Identifying AGN host galaxies by Machine Learning with HSC+WISE
• The Star Formation History and Stellar Assembly of High Redshift Galaxies
• A multiwavelength study of near- and mid-infrared selected galaxies at high redshift: ERGs, AGN-identification and the contribution from dust
• The Dyson Minds 2025 Workshop: SETI around Black Holes
• Star formation activity in Balmer break galaxies at $z$ < 1.5
• The Compact Star-Forming Galaxies at $2<z<3$ in 3D-HST/CANDELS: AGN and Non-AGN Physical Properties
• Dust heating in the cores of 3CRR radio galaxies
• Studying the spectral properties of Active Galactic Nuclei in the JWST era