The Mid-Infrared Properties of X-ray Sources

Abstract

We combine the results of the Spitzer IRAC Shallow Survey and the Chandra XBootes Survey of the 8.5 square degrees Bootes field of the NOAO Deep Wide- Field Survey to produce the largest comparison of mid-IR and X-ray sources to date. The comparison is limited to sources with X-ray fluxes >8x10-15 erg cm-2s-1 in the 0.5-7.0 keV range and mid-IR sources with 3.6 um fluxes brighter than 18.4 mag (12.3 uJy). In this most sensitive IRAC band, 85% of the 3086 X-ray sources have mid-IR counterparts at an 80% confidence level based on a Bayesian matching technique. Only 2.5% of the sample have no IRAC counterpart at all based on visual inspection. Even for a smaller but a significantly deeper Chandra survey in the same field, the IRAC Shallow Survey recovers most of the X-ray sources. A majority (65%) of the Chandra sources detected in all four IRAC bands occupy a well-defined region of IRAC [3.6] - [4.5] vs [5.8] - [8.0] color-color space. These X-ray sources are likely infrared luminous, unobscured type I AGN with little mid-infrared flux contributed by the AGN host galaxy. Of the remaining Chandra sources, most are lower luminosity type I and type II AGN whose mid-IR emission is dominated by the host galaxy, while approximately 5% are either Galactic stars or very local galaxies.

Accepted for publication in ApJ

References in corpus (16)

• Cosmological Evolution of the Hard X-ray AGN Luminosity Function and the Origin of the Hard X-ray Background
• Mid-Infrared Selection of Active Galaxies
• The Cosmic Infrared Background: Measurements and Implications
• Absolute Calibration of the Infrared Array Camera on the Spitzer Space Telescope
• First Results from the Large Area Lyman Alpha Survey
• The Nature of the Hard X-ray Background Sources: Optical, Near-infrared, Submillimeter, and Radio Properties
• Active Galactic Nuclei in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: II. Emission-Line Luminosity Function
• "Hidden" Seyfert 2 Galaxies and the X-ray Background
• A large population of mid-infrared selected, obscured active galaxies in the Bootes field
• The AGN contribution to mid-infrared surveys
• Mid-infrared properties of X-ray sources in the Extended Groth Strip
• The Complex X-ray Spectra of M82 and NGC 253
• The Chandra XBootes Survey - III: Optical and Near-IR Counterparts
• The Hard X-ray Luminosity of OB Star Populations: Implications for the Contribution of Star Formation to the Cosmic X-ray Background
• 172 ks Chandra Exposure of the LALA Boötes Field: X-ray Source Catalog
• The XMM-Newton/2dF survey VII. Is there any X-ray absorption in optically selected QSOs?

Cited by in corpus (36)

• Dusty Star-Forming Galaxies at High Redshift
• Active Galactic Nuclei: what's in a name?
• Host galaxies, clustering, Eddington ratios, and evolution of radio, X-ray, and infrared-selected AGNs
• Quantifying Quasar Variability As Part of a General Approach To Classifying Continuously Varying Sources
• CANDELS Multiwavelength catalogs: Source Identification and Photometry in the CANDELS UKIDSS Ultra-Deep Survey Field
• Low Resolution Spectral Templates For AGNs and Galaxies From 0.03 -- 30 microns
• The WISE AGN Catalog
• The Spitzer Deep, Wide-Field Survey
• A correlation between star formation rate and average black hole accretion in star forming galaxies
• AGES: The AGN and Galaxy Evolution Survey
• The SAGE-Spec Spitzer Legacy program: The life-cycle of dust and gas in the Large Magellanic Cloud. Point source classification I
• Clustering of obscured and unobscured quasars in the Bootes field: Placing rapidly growing black holes in the cosmic web
• Star Formation and AGN Activity in Galaxy Clusters from $z=1-2$: a Multi-wavelength Analysis Featuring $Herschel$/PACS
• The Mid-IR and X-ray Selected QSO Luminosity Function
• The Cosmic Evolution of AGN in galaxy clusters
• The Discovery of a Large Lyman-alpha+HeII Nebula at z~1.67: A Candidate Low Metallicity Region?
• The Evolution of the Star Formation Rate of Galaxies at 0.0 < z < 1.2
• A Comparison of X-ray and Mid-Infrared Selection of Obscured AGN
• Mid-Infrared Variability from the Spitzer Deep, Wide-Field Survey
• Discovery of 5000 Active Galactic Nuclei behind the Magellanic Clouds
• Resolving the Galaxies within a Giant Lya Nebula: Witnessing the Formation of a Galaxy Group?
• Quasar Variability in the Mid-Infrared
• The ~0.9 mJy sample: A mid-infrared spectroscopic catalog of 150 infrared-luminous, 24 micron selected galaxies at 0.3<z<3.5
• The Magellanic Quasars Survey. II. Confirmation of 144 New Active Galactic Nuclei Behind the Southern Edge of the Large Magellanic Cloud
• A UV to Mid-IR Study of AGN Selection
• A Chandra view of NGC 3621: a bulgeless galaxy hosting an AGN in its early phase?
• Active Galactic Nuclei as seen by the Spitzer Space Telescope
• The Origin of the 24-micron Excess in Red Galaxies
• The SWIRE/Chandra Survey: The X-ray Sources
• The XXL Survey: XXXI. Classification and host galaxy properties of 2.1 GHz ATCA XXL-S radio sources
• A Multi-Wavelength Study of Low Redshift Clusters of Galaxies I. Comparison of X-ray and Mid-Infrared Selected AGNs
• The SWIFT AGN and Cluster Survey I: Number Counts of AGN and Galaxy Clusters
• Spitzer IRAC identification of Herschel-ATLAS SPIRE sources
• Revealing a ribbon-like jet in OJ 287 with RadioAstron
• Discovery of two quasars at $z=5$ from the OGLE Survey
• Spectral energy distribution similarity of the local galaxies and the 3.6um selected galaxies from the Spitzer Extended Deep Survey