Identifying quasars with astrometric and mid-infrared methods from APOP and ALLWISE

Abstract

Context. Quasars are spatially stationary, and they are essential objects in astrometry when defining reference frames. However, the census of quasars is far from complete. Mid-infared colors can be used to find quasar candidates because AGNs show a peculiar appearance in mid-infrared color, but these methods are incapable of separating quasars from AGNs. Aims. The aim of our study is to use astrometric and mid-infrared methods to select quasars and get a reliable quasar candidates catalog. Methods. We used a near-zero proper motion criterion in conjuction with WISE (all-sky Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer) [W1-W2] color to select quasar candidates. The [W1-W2] color criterion is defined by the linear boundary of two samples: LAMOST DR5 quasars, which serve as the quasar sample, and LAMOST DR5 stars and galaxies, which serve as the non-quasar sample. The contamination and completeness are evaluated. Results. We present a catalog of 662 753 quasar candidates, with a completeness of about 75% and a reliability of 77.2%.

arXiv comment7 pages, 7 figures, accepted by A&A

References in corpus (30)

• The Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Technical Summary
• Gaia Data Release 2. Summary of the contents and survey properties
• The Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE): Mission Description and Initial On-orbit Performance
• Gaia Data Release 2: The astrometric solution
• Spectral Energy Distributions and Multiwavelength Selection of Type 1 Quasars
• The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Catalog V. Seventh Data Release
• Mid-Infrared Selection of Active Galaxies
• Mid-Infrared Selection of AGN with the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer. I. Characterizing WISE-Selected AGN in COSMOS
• Obscured and unobscured active galactic nuclei in the Spitzer Space Telescope First Look Survey
• Gaia Data Release 1: Astrometry - one billion positions, two million proper motions and parallaxes
• The 2dF QSO Redshift Survey - I. The Optical QSO Luminosity Function
• The Second-Generation Guide Star Catalog: Description and Properties
• The Canada-France High-z Quasar Survey: nine new quasars and the luminosity function at redshift 6
• The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Catalog: Fourteenth Data Release
• The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Catalog: twelfth data release
• The First Hundred Brown Dwarfs Discovered by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE)
• Using the Bright Ultra-Hard XMM-Newton Survey to define an IR selection of luminous AGN based on WISE colours
• The SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: Quasar Target Selection for Data Release Nine
• The Sloan Digital Sky Survey quasar catalog: ninth data release
• The Sloan Digital Sky Survey quasar catalog: tenth data release
• The SDSS-IV extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: Quasar Target Selection
• Gaia Data Release 2: The Celestial reference frame (Gaia-CRF2)
• Identification of 1.4 Million AGNs in the Mid-Infrared using WISE Data
• Gaia Data Release 1: The reference frame and the optical properties of ICRF sources
• The Mid-IR and X-ray Selected QSO Luminosity Function
• Eight-Dimensional Mid-Infrared/Optical Bayesian Quasar Selection
• The meaning of WISE colours - I. The Galaxy and its satellites
• First results from the Isaac Newton Telescope Wide Angle Survey: The z>5 quasar survey
• Secular Aberration Drift and IAU Definition of ICRS
• Quasars can be used to verify the parallax zero-point of the Tycho-Gaia Astrometric Solution

Cited by in corpus (9)

• The Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey (S-PLUS): improved SEDs, morphologies and redshifts with 12 optical filters
• KiDS-SQuaD II: Machine learning selection of bright extragalactic objects to search for new gravitationally lensed quasars
• On the discovery of stars, quasars, and galaxies in the Southern Hemisphere with S-PLUS DR2
• A WISE view on extreme AGB stars
• SQUAB I: The first release of Strange QUasar candidates with ABnormal astrometric characteristics from Gaia EDR3 and SDSS
• WISE2MBH: A scaling-based algorithm for probing supermassive black hole masses through WISE catalogues
• DULAG: A DUal and Lensed AGN candidate catalog with GMP method
• XMM-Newton study of the Sculptor dwarf spheroidal galaxy
• Quasars behind the disk of M31 galaxy