A new photometric technique for the joint selection of star-forming and passive galaxies at 1.4<z<2.5

Abstract

A simple two color selection based on B-, z-, and K- band photometry is proposed for culling galaxies at 1.4<z<2.5 in K-selected samples and classifying them as star-forming or passive systems. The method is calibrated on the highly complete spectroscopic redshift database of the K20 survey, verified with simulations and tested on other datasets. Requiring BzK=(z-K)-(B-z)>-0.2 (AB) allows to select actively star-forming galaxies at z>1.4, independently on their dust reddening. Instead, objects with BzK<-0.2 and (z-K)>2.5 (AB) colors include passively evolving galaxies at z>1.4, often with spheroidal morphologies. Simple recipes to estimate the reddening, SFRs and masses of BzK-selected galaxies are derived, and calibrated on K<20 galaxies. Based on their UV (reddening-corrected), X-ray and radio luminosities, the BzK-selected star-forming galaxies with K<20 turn out to have average SFR ~ 200 Msun yr^-1, and median reddening E(B-V)~0.4. Besides missing the passively evolving galaxies, the UV selection appears to miss some relevant fraction of the z~2 star-forming galaxies with K<20, and hence of the (obscured) star-formation rate density at this redshift. The high SFRs and masses add to other existing evidence that these z=2 star-forming galaxies may be among the precursors of z=0 early-type galaxies. Theoretical models cannot reproduce simultaneously the space density of both passively evolving and highly star-forming galaxies at z=2. In view of Spitzer Space Telescope observations, an analogous technique based on the RJL photometry is proposed to complement the BzK selection and to identify massive galaxies at 2.5<z<4.0. These color criteria should help in completing the census of the stellar mass and of the star-formation rate density at high redshift (abridged).

arXiv comment19 pages, 17 figures, to appear on ApJ (20 December 2004 issue)

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• GMASS Ultradeep Spectroscopy of Galaxies at z~2. III: The emergence of the color bimodality at z~2
• Galaxy Mergers at z>1 in the HUDF: Evidence for a Peak in the Major Merger Rate of Massive Galaxies
• The evolving relation between star-formation rate and stellar mass in the VIDEO Survey since $z=3$
• The Varied Fates of z~2 Star-forming Galaxies
• MAHALO Deep Cluster Survey II. Characterizing massive forming galaxies in the Spiderweb protocluster at z=2.2
• The Metallicity Evolution of Star-Forming Galaxies from Redshift 0 to 3: Combining Magnitude Limited Survey with Gravitational Lensing
• Probing the galaxy-halo connection in UltraVISTA to $z\sim 2$
• Bulge growth through disk instabilities in high-redshift galaxies
• Discovery of Strongly Inverted Metallicity Gradients in Dwarf Galaxies at $z$$\sim$2
• A z=2.5 protocluster associated with the radio galaxy MRC 2104-242: star formation and differing mass functions in dense environments
• Exploring the evolutionary paths of the most massive galaxies since z~2
• Chasing passive galaxies in the early Universe: a critical analysis in CANDELS GOODS-South
• The Stellar Populations of Lyman Break Galaxies at z~5
• The Multiwavelength Survey by Yale-Chile (MUSYC): Wide K-band Imaging, Photometric Catalogs, Clustering and Physical Properties of Galaxies at z~2
• The Advanced Camera for Surveys General Catalog: Structural Parameters for Approximately Half a Million Galaxies
• GMASS Ultradeep Spectroscopy of Galaxies at redshift z~2. I. The stellar metallicity
• Metal deficiency in cluster star-forming galaxies at z=2
• Physical properties of simulated galaxy populations at z=2 - I. Effect of metal-line cooling and feedback from star formation and AGN
• Discovery of an Excess of Halpha Emitters around 4C 23.56 at z=2.48
• Massive galaxies & EROs at z=1-3 in cosmological hydrodynamic simulations: near-IR properties
• A proto-cluster at z=2.45
• A Comprehensive Study of Ly$\alpha$ Emission in the High-redshift Galaxy Population
• A molecular line scan in the Hubble Deep Field North
• Ultra-deep Spitzer Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy of LIRGs and ULIRGs at z ~ 1-2
• The evolution of quiescent galaxies at high redshift (z > 1.4)
• Insights on the Formation, Evolution, and Activity of Massive Galaxies From Ultra-Compact and Disky Galaxies at z=2-3
• Star Formation Rates and Metallicities of K-selected Star Forming Galaxies at z~2
• The Average Physical Properties and Star Formation Histories of the UV-Brightest Star-Forming Galaxies at z~3.7
• Physical properties and evolution of (Sub-)millimeter selected galaxies in the galaxy formation simulation Shark
• Powderday: Dust Radiative Transfer for Galaxy Simulations
• Active and passive galaxies at z~2: Rest-frame optical morphologies with WFC3
• Star-Galaxy Classification in Multi-Band Optical Imaging
• Properties of star-forming galaxies in a cluster and its surrounding structure at z=1.46
• The Nature of H$\beta +$[O{\sc iii}] and [O{\sc ii}] emitters to $z\sim 5$ with HiZELS: stellar mass functions and the evolution of EWs
• UV Spectral-Slopes at $z=6-9$ in the Hubble Frontier Fields: Lack of Evidence for Unusual or Pop III Stellar Populations
• X-ray Spectral Constraints for z~2 Massive Galaxies: The Identification of Reflection-Dominated Active Galactic Nuclei
• The evolution of the mass-size relation to z=3.5 for UV-bright galaxies and sub-mm galaxies in the GOODS-NORTH field
• Resolving Quiescent Galaxies at $z\gtrsim 2$: I. Search for Gravitationally Lensed Sources and Characterization of their Structure, Stellar Populations, and Line Emission
• Measuring PAH Emission in Ultradeep Spitzer IRS Spectroscopy of High Redshift IR Luminous Galaxies
• The merger rates and sizes of galaxies across the peak epoch of star formation from the HiZELS survey
• Proto-groups at 1.8<z<3 in the zCOSMOS-deep sample
• Galaxy Gas Fractions at High-Redshift: The Tension between Observations and Cosmological Simulations
• The Las Campanas Infra-red Survey. V. Keck Spectroscopy of a large sample of Extremely Red Objects
• A direct constraint on the gas content of a massive, passively evolving elliptical galaxy at z = 1.43
• Star Formation in a Stellar Mass Selected Sample of Galaxies to z=3 from the GOODS NICMOS Survey (GNS)
• The evolution of the star forming sequence in hierarchical galaxy formation models
• Large scale structure around a z=2.1 cluster
• Concurrent Supermassive Black Hole and Galaxy Growth: Linking Environment and Nuclear Activity in z = 2.23 H-alpha Emitters
• The history of star formation from the cosmic infrared background anisotropies
• Unsupervised star, galaxy, qso classification: Application of HDBSCAN
• Lyman continuum galaxies and the escape fraction of Lyman break galaxies
• Discovery of strong Iron Kα emitting Compton thick quasars at z=2.5 and 2.9
• A spectroscopic sample of massive, evolved z~2 galaxies: Implications for the evolution of the mass-size relation
• First direct metallicity measurement of a lensed star-forming galaxy at z=1.7
• Massive and old quiescent galaxies at high redshift
• Chemical abundance scaling relations for multiple elements in z~2-3 star-forming galaxies
• Near-IR Galaxy Counts and Evolution from the Wide-Field ALHAMBRA survey
• The molecular gas content and fuel efficiency of starbursts at z ~ 1.6 with ALMA
• Local Analogs for High-redshift Galaxies: Resembling the Physical Conditions of the Interstellar Medium in High-redshift Galaxies
• The Typical Massive Quiescent Galaxy at z$\sim$3 is a Post-starburst
• A Dual Narrowband Survey for Hα Emitters at z=2.2: Demonstration of the Technique and Constraints on the Hα Luminosity Function
• Modeling The Star Forming Universe at z=2: Impact of Cold Accretion Flows
• Herschel reveals the obscured star formation in HiZELS Hα emitters at z=1.47
• Spectroscopy of luminous z>7 galaxy candidates and sources of contamination in z>7 galaxy searches
• Merger driven star-formation activity in Cl J1449+0856 at z=1.99 as seen by ALMA and JVLA
• Luminosity dependent clustering of star-forming BzK galaxies at redshift 2
• Star formation in the massive cluster merger Abell 2744
• The Clustering Evolution of Distant Red Galaxies in the GOODS-MUSIC Sample
• Stellar Populations of Highly Magnified Lensed Galaxies: Young Starbursts at z~2
• The clustering and abundance of star-forming and passive galaxies at $z\sim 2$
• GOODS-ALMA: The slow downfall of star-formation in $z$ = 2-3 massive galaxies
• A z=1.82 Analog of Local Ultra-massive Elliptical Galaxies
• SPITZER Observations of z~3 Lyman Break Galaxies: stellar masses and mid-infrared properties
• The nature of z ~ 2.3 Lyman-alpha emitters
• The evolution of galaxy clustering since z = 3 using the UKIDSS Ultra Deep Survey: the divergence of passive and star-forming galaxies
• Optimized Photometric Redshifts for the Cosmic Assembly Near-Infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS)
• Boötes-HiZELS: an optical to near-infrared survey of emission-line galaxies at $\mathbf{z}=0.4-4.7$
• The main sequence of star forming galaxies II. A non evolving slope at the high mass end
• The Interstellar Medium of Quiescent Galaxies and its Evolution With Time
• The colour selection of distant galaxies in the UKIDSS Ultra-Deep Survey Early Data Release
• HST Morphologies of z~2 Dust Obscured Galaxies I: Power-law Sources
• CO excitation, molecular gas density and interstellar radiation field in local and high-redshift galaxies
• COSMOS2020: Exploring the dawn of quenching for massive galaxies at 3 < z < 5 with a new colour selection method
• Cosmology with dropout selection: Straw-man surveys and CMB lensing
• Top-heavy integrated galactic stellar initial mass functions (IGIMFs) in starbursts
• Molecular Gas in Submillimetre-Faint, Star-Forming Ultraluminous Galaxies at z>1
• The environmental impacts on the star formation main sequence: an H-alpha study of the newly discovered rich cluster at z=1.52
• The VIMOS Ultra Deep Survey: Ly$\alpha$ Emission and Stellar Populations of Star-Forming Galaxies at 2<z<2.5
• The Far-Infrared, UV and Molecular Gas Relation in Galaxies up to z=2.5
• Color Distributions, Number and Mass Densities of Massive Galaxies at 1.5 < z < 3: Comparing Observations with Merger Simulations
• Rest-frame UV--Optically Selected Galaxies at 2.3<z<3.5: Searching for Dusty Star-forming and Passively-Evolving Galaxies
• Discovery of Lyman Break Galaxies at z~7 from the ZFOURGE Survey
• The mass-metallicity relation of Lyman-break analogues and its dependence on galaxy properties
• A Census of Star-Forming Galaxies at z = 1-3 in the Subaru Deep Field
• A 10 deg${}^2$ Lyman-$\alpha$ survey at z=8.8 with spectroscopic follow-up: strong constraints on the LF and implications for other surveys
• Clustering, host halos and environment of z$\sim$2 galaxies as a function of their physical properties
• Strong Spatial Clustering of UV-selected Galaxies with Magnitude Ks<20.5 and Redshift Z~2
• Spectral Energy Distributions in Three Deep-Drilling Fields of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time: Source Classification and Galaxy Properties
• Chandra counterparts of CANDELS GOODS-S sources
• Stars, Dust, and the Growth of UV-Selected Sub-L* Galaxies at Redshift z~2
• The Size Evolution of Passive Galaxies: Observations from the Wide Field Camera 3 Early Release Science Program
• COSMOS2025: The COSMOS-Web galaxy catalog of photometry, morphology, redshifts, and physical parameters from JWST, HST, and ground-based imaging
• Evolution of Star Formation in the UKIDSS Ultra Deep Survey Field - I. Luminosity Functions and Cosmic Star Formation Rate out to z=1.6
• An H-alpha search for over-dense regions at z=2.23
• The stellar mass versus stellar metallicity relation of star-forming galaxies at $1.6\le z\le 3.0$ and implications for the evolution of the $\alpha$-enhancement
• The missing metals problem: II. How many metals are in z ~ 2.2 galaxies?
• Evolutionary phases of gas-rich galaxies in a galaxy cluster at z=1.46
• The Bright and Dark Sides of High-Redshift starburst galaxies from {\it Herschel} and {\it Subaru} observations
• The high redshift SFR-M* relation is sensitive to the employed star formation rate and stellar mass indicators: Towards addressing the tension between observations and simulations
• Optical - Near-Infrared catalogue for the AKARI North Ecliptic Pole Deep Field
• The ASTRODEEP-GS43 catalogue: new photometry and redshifts for the CANDELS GOODS-South field
• GOODS-ALMA 2.0: Starbursts in the main sequence reveal compact star formation regulating galaxy evolution prequenching
• HST grism spectroscopy of z~3 massive quiescent galaxies: Approaching the metamorphosis
• MOIRCS Deep Survey. I: DRG Number Counts
• The red sequence at birth in the galaxy cluster ClJ1449+0856 at z=2
• Machine-learning classification of astronomical sources: estimating F1-score in the absence of ground truth
• The VIPERS Multi-Lambda Survey. I. UV and NIR Observations, multi-color catalogues and photometric redshifts
• The Color Magnitude Distribution of Field Galaxies to z~3: the evolution and modeling of the blue sequence
• The hidden side of cosmic star formation at z > 3: Bridging optically-dark and Lyman break galaxies with GOODS-ALMA
• The first large catalogue of spectroscopic redshifts in Webb's First Deep Field, SMACS J0723.3$-$7327
• Evolution of Star-formation Properties of High-redshift Cluster Galaxies since $z=2$
• Cosmic Star Formation Activity at z=2.2 Probed by H-alpha Emission Line Galaxies
• Galaxy Environments in the UKIDSS Ultra Deep Survey (UDS)
• Stellar Populations of Lyman Break Galaxies at z=1-3 in the HST/WFC3 Early Release Science Observations
• Evolutionary paths among different red galaxy types at 0.3 < z < 1.5 and the late buildup of massive E-S0's through major mergers
• A bright, spatially extended lensed galaxy at z = 1.7 behind the cluster RCS2 032727-132623
• A Planck-selected dusty proto-cluster at z=2.16 associated with a strong over-density of massive H$\alpha$ emitting galaxies
• Star Formation and AGN activity in Galaxies classified using the 1.6 μm Bump and PAH features at $z=0.4-2$
• Galaxy downsizing evidenced by hybrid evolutionary tracks
• GaBoDS: The Garching-Bonn Deep Survey VIII. Lyman-break galaxies in the ESO Deep Public Survey
• Optical Spectroscopy of Distant Red Galaxies
• A Physical Approach to the Identification of High-z Mergers: Morphological Classification in the Stellar Mass Domain
• Tracing the evolution of dust-obscured activity using sub-millimetre galaxy populations from STUDIES and AS2UDS
• A LABOCA survey of the Extended Chandra Deep Field South - submillimeter properties of near-IR selected galaxies
• Hierarchical models of high redshift galaxies with thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch stars: comparison with observations
• A comparison of the morphological properties between local and z~1 infrared luminous galaxies. Are local and high-z (U)LIRGs different?
• Passive galaxies in the early Universe: ALMA confirmation of z~3-5 candidates in the CANDELS GOODS-South field
• Quenching and the UVJ diagram in the SIMBA cosmological simulation
• Ultra-bright CO and [CI] emission in a lensed z=2.04 submillimeter galaxy with extreme molecular gas properties
• Lyman Break Galaxies at z~1.8-2.8: GALEX/NUV Imaging of the Subaru Deep Field
• Early-type galaxies at z~1.3. II. Masses and ages of early-type galaxies in different environments and their dependence on stellar population model assumptions
• Beyond UVJ: Color Selection of Galaxies in the JWST Era
• Environment of MAMBO galaxies in the COSMOS field
• Photometric Redshifts in the Hawaii-Hubble Deep Field-North (H-HDF-N)
• Multi-wavelength characterisation of z~2 clustered, dusty star forming galaxies discovered by Planck
• X-ray properties of BzK-selected galaxies in the deepest X-ray fields
• MOIRCS Deep Survey. II. Clustering Properties of K-band Selected Galaxies in GOODS-North Region
• ALMA constraints on star-forming gas in a prototypical z=1.5 clumpy galaxy: the dearth of CO(5-4) emission from UV-bright clumps
• The ALMA-CRISTAL survey: Widespread dust-obscured star formation in typical star-forming galaxies at z=4-6
• The Galaxy--Halo Connection in High-Redshift Universe: Details and Evolution of Stellar-to-Halo Mass Ratios of Lyman Break Galaxies on CFHTLS Deep Fields
• Constraining AGN Feedback in Massive Ellipticals with South Pole Telescope Measurements of the Thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect
• Radio selection of the most distant galaxy clusters
• BIRTH of the COSMOS Field: Primordial and Evolved Density Reconstructions During Cosmic High Noon
• The interaction-driven starburst contribution to the cosmic star formation rate density
• A Ks and IRAC Selection of High-Redshift Extremely Red Objects
• Tracing cool molecular gas and star formation on $\sim 100$pc scales within a $z=2.3$ galaxy
• The X-ray luminosity function of AGN at z~3
• Evidence for Infrared-Faint Radio Sources as z > 1 Radio-Loud AGN
• Broad-band selection, spectroscopic identification, and physical properties of a population of extreme emission line galaxies at 3<z<3.7
• Clustering properties of high redshift red galaxies in SA22 from the UKIDSS DXS
• AGN environments at z<1.5 in the UKIDSS Ultra-Deep Survey
• Classification of Extremely Red Objects in the COSMOS Field
• Compact, bulge dominated structures of spectroscopically confirmed quiescent galaxies at z~3
• The Stellar Mass Function in CANDELS and Frontier Fields: the build-up of low mass passive galaxies since z~3
• Revealing impacts of stellar mass and environment on galaxy quenching
• In and out star formation in z~1.5 quiescent galaxies from rest-frame UV spectroscopy and the far-infrared
• Deep U-B-V imaging of the Lockman Hole with the LBT. Observations and number counts
• Spectroscopic confirmation of a galaxy cluster associated with 7C1756+6520 at z=1.416
• Star formation and quenching among the most massive galaxies at z~1.7
• Massive, red galaxies in a hierarchical universe I. Counts of Extremely Red Objects and basic properties
• The evolving AGN duty cycle in galaxies since z$\sim$3 as encoded in the X-ray luminosity function
• The DEEP2 Redshift Survey: Lyman Alpha Emitters in the Spectroscopic Database
• Mapping the large scale structure around a z=1.46 galaxy cluster in 3-D using two adjacent narrow-band filters
• The Evolution of Galaxies at Constant Number Density: A Less Biased View of Star Formation, Quenching, and Structural Formation
• A Wide Area Survey for High-redshift Massive Galaxies. II. Near-infrared Spectroscopy of BzK-selected Massive Star-forming Galaxies
• Massive quiescent galaxies at $z\sim 3$: a comparison of selection, stellar population and structural properties with simulation predictions
• Spectroscopic Confirmation of two Extremely Massive Protoclusters BOSS1244 and BOSS1542 at $z=2.24$
• Nurturing Lyman Break Galaxies: Observed link between environment and spectroscopic features
• The Stellar Population and Star Formation Rates of z~1.5-1.6 [O II] Emitting Galaxies Selected from Narrow-Band Emission-Line Surveys
• Passive galaxies as tracers of cluster environments at z~2
• Detectability of [CII] 158 micron emission from high-redshift galaxies: predictions for ALMA and SPICA
• Intrinsic Shape of Star-Forming BzK Galaxies II: Rest-Frame UV and Optical Structures in GOODS-South and SXDS
• THE MOSDEF SURVEY: The Nature of Mid-Infrared Excess Galaxies and a Comparison of IR and UV Star Formation Tracers at z~2
• Precise weak lensing constraints from deep high-resolution $K_{\mathrm{s}}$ images: VLT/HAWK-I analysis of the super-massive galaxy cluster RCS2$J$232727.7$-$020437 at $z=0.70$
• HST/WFC3 Near-Infrared spectroscopy of quenched galaxies at z~1.5 from the WISP Survey: Stellar population properties
• The Properties of Hα Emission-Line Galaxies at z = 2.24
• Evidence for AGN-driven Outflows in Young Radio Quasars
• The SCUBA HAlf Degree Extragalactic Survey (SHADES) -- V. Submillimetre properties of near-infrared--selected galaxies in the Subaru/XMM--Newton deep field
• Revisiting the role of the Thermally-Pulsating Asymptotic Giant Branch phase in high-redshift galaxies
• On the nature of the extragalactic number counts in the K-band
• A deep i-selected multi-waveband galaxy catalogue in the COSMOS field
• Redshift evolution of stellar mass versus gas fraction relation in 0<z<2 regime: observational constraint for galaxy formation models
• Using the 1.6um Bump to Study Rest-frame NIR Selected Galaxies at Redshift 2
• Unsupervised feature-learning for galaxy SEDs with denoising autoencoders
• Euclid preparation: XXII. Selection of Quiescent Galaxies from Mock Photometry using Machine Learning
• The WIRCam Deep Survey II: Mass Selected Clustering
• The OTELO survey. I. Description, data reduction, and multi-wavelength catalogue
• Intrinsic Shape of Star-Forming BzK Galaxies at z~2 in GOODS-N
• Estimating sizes of faint, distant galaxies in the submillimetre regime
• An AzTEC 1.1-mm Survey for ULIRGs in the field of the Galaxy Cluster MS 0451.6-0305
• The Mass-Dependent Clustering History of K-selected Galaxies at z < 4 in the SXDS/UDS Field
• Multi-wavelength properties of Spitzer-selected starbursts at z~2
• First Systematic Search for Oxygen-Line Blobs at High Redshift: Uncovering AGN Feedback and Star-Formation Quenching
• IRAC Photometric Analysis and the Mid-IR Photometric Properties of Lyman Break Galaxies
• The numbers of z~2 star-forming and passive galaxies in 2.5 square degrees of deep CFHT imaging
• GMASS ultradeep spectroscopy of galaxies at z ~ 2 - VII. Star formation, extinction, and gas outflows from UV spectra
• Passive and star-forming galaxies at $1.4\le z\le 2.5$ in the Aegis field
• Search for z~7 Ly-alpha emitters with Suprime-Cam at the Subaru Telescope
• Searching For Fossil Evidence of AGN Feedback in WISE-Selected Stripe-82 Galaxies By Measuring the Thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect With the Atacama Cosmology Telescope
• The miniJPAS survey: Identification and characterization of the emission line galaxies down to $z<0.35$ in the AEGIS field
• Euclid: Early Release Observations -- Overview of the Perseus cluster and analysis of its luminosity and stellar mass functions
• The very wide-field $gzK$ galaxy survey -- I. Details of the clustering properties of star-forming galaxies at $z\sim 2$
• An ALMA survey of sub-millimeter galaxies in the Extended Chandra Deep Field South: Sub-millimeter properties of color-selected galaxies
• The dominant origin of diffuse Ly$\alpha$ halos around LAEs explored by SED fitting and clustering analysis
• The UV to FIR spectral energy distribution of star-forming galaxies in the redshift desert
• GALEX selected Lyman Break Galaxies at z~2: Comparison with other Populations
• The brightest UV-selected galaxies in protoclusters at $z\sim 4$: Ancestors of Brightest Cluster Galaxies?
• Constraining Star Formation and AGN in z~2 Massive Galaxies using High Resolution MERLIN Radio Observations
• The star formation rate cookbook at 1 < z < 3: Extinction-corrected relations for UV & [OII]λ3727 luminosities
• First simultaneous optical/near-infrared imaging of an X-ray selected, high-redshift cluster of galaxies with GROND: the galaxy population of XMMU J0338.7+0030 at z=1.1
• AEGIS: A Panchromatic Study of IRAC-selected Extremely Red Objects with Confirmed Spectroscopic Redshifts
• Classifying Stars, Galaxies and AGN in CLAUDS+HSC-SSP Using Gradient Boosted Decision Trees
• SImulator of GAlaxy Millimetre/submillimetre Emission (SIGAME): CO emission from massive z=2 main-sequence galaxies
• Characterizing Ultraviolet and Infrared Observational Properties for Galaxies. I. Influences of Dust Attenuation and Stellar Population Age
• Optical Identification of 15 Micron Sources in the AKARI Performance Verification Field toward the North Ecliptic Pole
• The structure of massive quiescent galaxies at z~3 in the CANDELS-COSMOS field
• Keck Deep Fields. IV. Luminosity Dependent Clustering and Galaxy Downsizing in UV-Selected Galaxies at z=4, 3, and 2
• MOIRCS Deep Survey. X. Evolution of Quiescent Galaxies as a Function of Stellar Mass at 0.5<z<2.5
• The VIMOS VLT Deep Survey: The K-band follow-up in the 0226-04 field
• Differential Morphology Between Rest-frame Optical and UV Emission from 1.5 < z < 3 Star-forming Galaxies
• Combining Physical galaxy models with radio observations to constrain the SFRs of high-z dusty star forming galaxies
• Imaging of diffuse HI absorption structure in the SSA22 proto-cluster region at z = 3.1
• The FMOS-COSMOS survey of star-forming galaxies at $z\sim 1.6$. V: Properties of dark matter halos containing H$\alpha$ emitting galaxies
• Enhancement of CO(3-2)/CO(1-0) Ratios and Star Formation Efficiencies in Supergiant HII Regions
• Stellar Populations of Luminous Evolved Galaxies at z~1.5
• The VIMOS VLT Deep Survey:The ultraviolet galaxy luminosity function and luminosity density at 3<z<4
• Characterizing Ultraviolet and Infrared Observational Properties for Galaxies. II. Features of Attenuation Law
• Clustering of Extremely Red Objects in Elais-N1 from the UKIDSS DXS with optical photometry from Pan-STARRS1 and Subaru
• The molecular gas content of z > 6.5 Lyman-alpha emitters
• LARgE Survey -- III. Environments of Ultra-Massive Passive Galaxies at Cosmic Noon: BCG progenitors growing through mergers
• The age of extremely red and massive galaxies at very high redshift
• Dust-obscured star formation and the contribution of galaxies escaping UV/optical color selections at z~2
• Host galaxy properties and environment of obscured and unobscured X-ray selected Active Galactic Nuclei in the COSMOS survey
• Euclid preparation. XXX. Performance assessment of the NISP Red-Grism through spectroscopic simulations for the Wide and Deep surveys
• Observations of the High Redshift Universe
• Extremely Red Objects in Two Quasar Fields at z ~ 1.5
• MAMBO 1.2 Millimeter observations of BzK-selected star-forming Galaxies at z~2
• Panchromatic Estimation of Star Formation Rates in BzK Galaxies at 1<z<3
• The nature of the red disk-like galaxies at high redshift: dust attenuation and intrinsically red stellar populations
• Large scale structures around radio galaxies at z~1.5
• Satellite content and quenching of star formation in galaxy groups at z~1.8
• The 2175 Å dust feature in star-forming galaxies at $1.3\le z\le 1.8$: the dependence on stellar mass and specific star formation rate
• The Stellar Masses of ~40,000 UV Selected Galaxies from the WiggleZ Survey at 0.3<z<1.0: Analogues of Lyman Break Galaxies?
• Evolution of Dust-Obscured Star Formation and Gas to z=2.2 from HiZELS
• Photometric Redshifts in the North Ecliptic Pole Wide Field based on a Deep Optical Survey with Hyper Suprime-Cam
• FORECAST: a flexible software to forward model cosmological hydrodynamical simulations mimicking real observations
• Bulgeless Galaxies at Intermediate Redshift: Sample Selection, Colour Properties, and the Existence of Powerful AGN
• A search for H$\alpha$ emission in high-metallicity damped Lyman-$\alpha$ systems at $z\sim 2.4$
• A deep radio view of the evolution of the cosmic star-formation rate density from a stellar-mass selected sample in VLA-COSMOS
• Trident: A three-pronged galaxy survey. I. Lyman alpha emitting galaxies at z~2 in GOODS North
• A spectroscopic study of a rich cluster at z=1.52 with Subaru $\&$ LBT: the environmental impacts on the mass-metallicity relation
• Early Quenching of Massive Protocluster Galaxies Around z=2.2 Radio Galaxies
• Linking galaxies to dark matter haloes at $z\sim 1$ : dependence of galaxy clustering on stellar mass and specific star formation rate
• The Role of Bulge Formation in the Homogenization of Stellar Populations at $z\sim 2$ as revealed by Internal Color Dispersion in CANDELS
• The Deep Optical Imaging of the Extended Groth Strip
• Near-Infrared Survey and Photometric Redshifts in the Extended GOODS-North field
• LUCIFER@LBT view of star-forming galaxies in the cluster 7C 1756+6520 at z~1.4
• LARgE Survey. I. Dead Monsters: the Massive End of the Passive Galaxy Stellar Mass Function at Cosmic Noon
• Multi-band Optical and Near-infrared Properties of Faint Submillimeter Galaxies with Serendipitous ALMA Detections
• Number Density Evolution of Ks -band Selected High Redshift Galaxy Populations in the AKARI North Ecliptic Pole Field
• Evolution of Star Formation in the UKIDSS Ultra Deep Survey Field - II. Star Formation as a Function of Stellar Mass Between z=1.46 and z=0.63
• The very wide-field $gzK$ galaxy survey -- II. The relationship between star-forming galaxies at $z\sim 2$ and their host haloes based upon HOD modelling
• Physical Properties, Star Formation, and Active Galactic Nucleus Activity in Balmer Break Galaxies at 0 < z < 1
• Angular clustering of z~2 star-forming and passive galaxies in 2.5 square degrees of deep CFHT imaging
• Faint U-Band Dropouts in the WFPC2 Parallels of the Hubble Ultra Deep Field
• Stellar populations of galaxies in the ALHAMBRA survey up to $z\sim 1$. II. Stellar content of quiescent galaxies within the dust-corrected stellar mass$-$colour and the $UVJ$ colour$-$colour diagrams
• A close relationship at z~2: submillimetre galaxies and BzK-selected galaxies
• Selection and Mid-infrared Spectroscopy of Ultraluminous Star-Forming Galaxies at z~2
• On the nature of red galaxies: the Chandra perspective
• Observational determination of the galaxy bias from cosmic variance with a random pointing survey: Clustering of z~2 galaxies from Hubble's BoRG survey
• Stellar properties of z ~ 1 Lyman-break galaxies from ACS slitless grism spectra
• The most massive, passive, and oldest galaxies at 0.5 < z < 2.1: Downsizing signature from galaxies selected from MgUV index
• Environment of $1\le z\le 2$ obscured and unobscured AGNs in the Extended Chandra Deep Field South
• SEEDisCS II. Molecular gas in galaxy clusters and their large scale structure: low gas fraction galaxies, the case of CL1301.7$-$1139
• X-ray stacking of Lyman break galaxies in the 4\,Ms CDF-S - X-ray luminosities and star formation rates across cosmic time
• Improved Measurements of Galaxy Star Formation Stochasticity from the Intrinsic Scatter of Burst Indicators
• LARgE Survey -- II. The Dark Matter Halos and the Progenitors and Descendants of Ultra-Massive Passive Galaxies at Cosmic Noon
• A $K_s$-band selected catalogue of objects in the ALHAMBRA survey
• Extending PLE models into the mid-IR, far-IR & sub-mm
• A mass threshold in the number density of passive galaxies at z$\sim$2
• SED-inferred properties and morphology of Lyman-break galaxies at $z\sim 1$ in the CDF-S
• Lyman break and UV-selected galaxies at $z\sim 1$ I. Stellar populations from ALHAMBRA survey
• Morphology and structure of BzK-selected galaxies at z~2 in the CANDELS-COSMOS field
• Identifying type II quasars at intermediate redshift with few-shot learning photometric classification
• Rest-Frame Ultraviolet to Near Infrared Observations of an Interacting Lyman Break Galaxy at z = 4.42
• Looking into the faintEst WIth MUSE (LEWIS): Exploring the nature of ultra-diffuse galaxies in the Hydra-I cluster IV. A study of the Globular Cluster population in four UDGs
• Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Deep Field Optical + Near-Infrared Images and Catalogue
• Identifying clustering at high redshift through actively star-forming galaxies
• A${}^3$COSMOS: The dust content of massive quiescent galaxies and its evolution with cosmic time
• Insights into environmental quenching at $z\sim 1$: an enhancement of faint, low-mass passive galaxies in clusters
• Machine Learning Classification of COSMOS2020 Galaxies: Quiescent vs. Star-Forming
• Evidence for the Evolution of Young Early-Type Galaxies in the GOODS/CDF-S Field
• Deep CFHT Y-band imaging of VVDS-F22 field: I. data products and photometric redshifts
• The impact of binary stars on the colors of high-redshift galaxies
• The Bright Ages Survey. I. Imaging Data
• The HST-Hyperion Survey: Companion Fraction and Overdensity in a z ~ 2.5 Proto-supercluster
• The Phoenix Deep Survey: Extremely Red Galaxies and Cluster Candidates
• Measuring the gas reservoirs in $10^8<$ M${}_{\star }<10^{11}$ M${}_{\odot }$ galaxies at $1\le z\le 3$
• The VIMOS Public Extragalactic Redshift Survey (VIPERS). The complexity of galaxy populations at 0.4< z<1.3 revealed with unsupervised machine-learning algorithms
• The evolution of Balmer jump selected galaxies in the ALHAMBRA survey
• Past, present and Future of the Scaling Relations of Galaxies and Active Galactic Nuclei
• A Search for Molecular Gas toward a BzK-selected Star-forming Galaxy at z = 2.044
• Explainable machine learning classification of \textit{Chandra} X-ray sources: SHAP analysis of multi-wavelength features
• pop-cosmos: Star formation over 12 Gyr from generative modelling of a deep infrared-selected galaxy catalogue
• Physical properties of distant red galaxies in the COSMOS/UltraVISTA field
• NIR Follow-Up of the VVDS 02hr Field
• Star formation activity in Balmer break galaxies at $z$ < 1.5
• Spectral energy distribution similarity of the local galaxies and the 3.6um selected galaxies from the Spitzer Extended Deep Survey
• The Rest-Frame UV Spectrum of Elliptical Galaxies at High Redshift
• Radio studies of galaxy formation: Dense Gas History of the Universe
• The VVDS-VLA Deep Field: III. GMRT observations at 610 MHz and the radio spectral index properties of the sub-mJy population
• DLAs and Galaxy Formation