The Kiloparsec-Scale Kinematics of High-Redshift Star-Forming Galaxies

Abstract

We present the results of a spectroscopic survey of the kinematic structure of star-forming galaxies at redshift z ~ 2 - 3 using Keck/OSIRIS integral field spectroscopy. Our sample is comprised of 12 galaxies between redshifts z ~ 2.0 and 2.5 and one galaxy at z ~ 3.3 which are well detected in either HAlpha or [O III] emission. These observations were obtained in conjunction with the Keck laser guide star adaptive optics system, with a typical angular resolution after spatial smoothing ~ 0.15" (approximately 1 kpc at the redshift of the target sample). At most five of these 13 galaxies have spatially resolved velocity gradients consistent with rotation while the remaining galaxies have relatively featureless or irregular velocity fields. All of our galaxies show local velocity dispersions ~ 60 - 100 km/s, suggesting that (particularly for those galaxies with featureless velocity fields) rotation about a preferred axis may not be the dominant mechanism of physical support. While some galaxies show evidence for major mergers such evidence is unrelated to the kinematics of individual components (one of our strongest merger candidates also exhibits unambiguous rotational structure), refuting a simple bimodal disk/merger classification scheme. We discuss these data in light of complementary surveys and extant UV-IR spectroscopy and photometry, concluding that the dynamical importance of cold gas may be the primary factor governing the observed kinematics of z ~ 2 galaxies. We conclude by speculating on the importance of mechanisms for accreting low angular-momentum gas and the early formation of quasi-spheroidal systems in the young universe.(abridged)

34 pages, 13 figures. Revised version accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. Version with full-resolution figures is available at http://www.astro.ucla.edu/~drlaw/Papers/OSIRIS_data2.pdf

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• Compact molecular gas emission in local LIRGs among low- and high-z galaxies
• Morphology with Light Profile Fitting of Confirmed Cluster Galaxies at z=0.84
• Evidence of a Flat Outer Rotation Curve in a Starbursting Disk Galaxy at $z=1.6$
• The Spatial Extent and Distribution of Star Formation in 3D-HST Mergers at z~1.5
• The SAMI Galaxy Survey: Kinematics of Dusty Early-Type Galaxies
• Galaxy morphologies at cosmic noon with JWST: A foundation for exploring gas transport with bars and spiral arms
• Dynamics and Metallicity of Far-IR Selected Galaxies
• Bar ages derived for the first time in nearby galaxies: Insights on secular evolution from the TIMER sample
• Strongly Time-Variable Ultra-Violet Metal Line Emission from the Circum-Galactic Medium of High-Redshift Galaxies
• Herschel and Hubble study of a lensed massive dusty starbursting galaxy at $z\sim 3$
• The major mechanism to drive turbulence in star-forming galaxies
• The Stellar Kinematics of Void Dwarf Galaxies Using KCWI
• The Wavelength Dependence of High-Redshift Galaxy Structure in the Rest-Frame Ultraviolet
• Imaging Spectroscopy of Ionized Gaseous Nebulae around Optically Faint AGN at Redshift z ~ 2
• The ALMA-CRISTAL survey: Resolved kinematic studies of main sequence star-forming galaxies at 4<z<6
• Size-Luminosity Scaling Relations of Local and Distant Star Forming Regions
• Clumpy star formation and an obscured nuclear starburst in the luminous dusty z=4 galaxy GN20 seen by MIRI/JWST
• Providing stringent star formation rate limits of z$\sim$2 QSO host galaxies at high angular resolution
• The Mass-Radius Relation for Star-Forming Galaxies at z ~ 1.5-3.0
• Observational limits on the gas mass of a z=4.9 galaxy
• Starbursts with suppressed velocity dispersion revealed in a forming cluster at z=2.51
• A Radio-to-millimeter Census of Star-forming Galaxies in Protocluster 4C~23.56 at z = 2.5 : Global and local gas kinematics
• APEX at the QSO MUSEUM: molecular gas reservoirs associated with $z\sim$3 quasars and their link to the extended Ly$\alpha$ emission
• Herschel Extreme Lensing Line Observations: Dynamics of two strongly lensed star forming galaxies near redshift z = 2
• Detection of Prominent Stellar Disks in the Progenitors of Present-day Massive Elliptical Galaxies
• Extended star-forming region within galaxies in a dense proto-cluster core at z=2.53
• The two regimes of the cosmic sSFR evolution are due to spheroids and discs
• The Physics and Mass Assembly of distant galaxies with the E-ELT
• The Origin and Evolution of the Mass-Metallicity Relation using GalICS
• Large-scale turbulent driving regulates star formation in high-redshift gas-rich galaxies II: Influence of the magnetic field and the turbulent compressive fraction
• Identification of a Fundamental Transition in a Turbulently-Supported Interstellar Medium
• Regulation of star formation by large scale gravito-turbulence
• Exploring the Correlation between $\mathrm{H}\alpha$-to-UV Ratio and Burstiness for Typical Star-forming Galaxies at $z\sim 2$
• MOSEL Survey: Tracking the Growth of Massive Galaxies at 2<z<4 using Kinematics and the IllustrisTNG Simulation
• The SCUBA-2 Web Survey: I. Observations of CO(3-2) in hyper-luminous QSO fields
• The Star-Forming Interstellar Medium of Lyman Break Galaxy Analogs
• Multiwavelength dissection of a massive heavily dust-obscured galaxy and its blue companion at z $\sim$2
• Can Cosmological Accretion be Observed in H-alpha at z~2?
• Spatially resolved gas and stellar kinematics in compact starburst galaxies
• Multiresolution angular momentum measurements of z~1.5-2 star-forming galaxies
• Star Formation during Galaxy Formation
• A break in the high-redshift stellar mass Tully-Fisher relation
• The InfraRed Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) for TMT: Overview of innovative science programs
• Extragalactic Fields Optimized for Adaptive Optics
• LEGA-C: analysis of dynamical masses from ionized gas and stellar kinematics at z~0.8
• Ionized gas metallicity of the strong [OIII]λ emission-line compact galaxies in the LAMOST survey
• ALPINE: A Large Survey to Understand Teenage Galaxies
• Source plane reconstruction of the giant gravitational arc in Abell 2667: a candidate Wolf-Rayet galaxy at z~1
• Keck/OSIRIS IFU Detection of a z $\sim$ 3 Damped Lyman Alpha Host Galaxy
• Resolving a merger in a hyper-luminous submillimeter galaxy at z=2.82
• Galactic Traversability: A New Concept for Extragalactic SETI
• Observational biases on rotation curves from IFU data at cosmic noon
• Low-redshift analogues of cosmic noon galaxies as laboratories for clumpy star formation
• Chemical Abundances in Star-Forming Galaxies at High Redshift
• Lyman-alpha at Cosmic Noon II: The relationship between kinematics and Lyman-alpha in z~2-3 Lyman Break Galaxies
• 3D spectroscopic surveys: Exploring galaxy evolution mechanisms
• The LEGA-C and SAMI Galaxy Surveys: Quiescent Stellar Populations and the Mass-Size Plane across 6 Gyr
• Oxford SWIFT IFS and multi-wavelength observations of the Eagle galaxy at z=0.77
• Size-scaling of clump instabilities in turbulent, feedback regulated disks
• Spatially non-parametric recovery of intrinsic kinematic maps in pre- to post-merger galaxies
• A Novel Framework for Modeling Weakly Lensing Shear Using Kinematics and Imaging at Moderate Redshift
• The Formation of Large Galactic Disks: Revival or Survival?
• Lyman Break Analogs: Constraints on the Formation of Extreme Starbursts at Low and High Redshift