The MOSFIRE Deep Evolution Field (MOSDEF) Survey: Rest-Frame Optical Spectroscopy for ~1500 H-Selected Galaxies at 1.37 < z < 3.8

Abstract

In this paper we present the MOSFIRE Deep Evolution Field (MOSDEF) survey. The MOSDEF survey aims to obtain moderate-resolution (R=3000-3650) rest-frame optical spectra (~3700-7000 Angstrom) for ~1500 galaxies at 1.37<z<3.80 in three well-studied CANDELS fields: AEGIS, COSMOS, and GOODS-N. Targets are selected in three redshift intervals: 1.37<z<1.70, 2.09<z<2.61, and 2.95<z<3.80, down to fixed H_AB (F160W) magnitudes of 24.0, 24.5 and 25.0, respectively, using the photometric and spectroscopic catalogs from the 3D-HST survey. We target both strong nebular emission lines (e.g., [OII], Hbeta, [OIII], 5008, Halpha, [NII], and [SII]) and stellar continuum and absorption features (e.g., Balmer lines, Ca-II H and K, Mgb, 4000 Angstrom break). Here we present an overview of our survey, the observational strategy, the data reduction and analysis, and the sample characteristics based on spectra obtained during the first 24 nights. To date, we have completed 21 masks, obtaining spectra for 591 galaxies. For ~80% of the targets we derive a robust redshift from either emission or absorption lines. In addition, we confirm 55 additional galaxies, which were serendipitously detected. The MOSDEF galaxy sample includes unobscured star-forming, dusty star-forming, and quiescent galaxies and spans a wide range in stellar mass (~10^9-10^11.5 Msol) and star formation rate (~10^0-10^3 Msol/yr). The spectroscopically confirmed sample is roughly representative of an H-band limited galaxy sample at these redshifts. With its large sample size, broad diversity in galaxy properties, and wealth of available ancillary data, MOSDEF will transform our understanding of the stellar, gaseous, metal, dust, and black hole content of galaxies during the time when the universe was most active.

Accepted for publication in ApJS; 28 pages, 19 figures; MOSDEF spectroscopic redshifts available at http://mosdef.astro.berkeley.edu/Downloads.html

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• CO Emission, Molecular Gas, and Metallicity in Main-Sequence Star-Forming Galaxies at $z\sim 2.3$
• BIRTH of the COSMOS Field: Primordial and Evolved Density Reconstructions During Cosmic High Noon
• ZFIRE: The Evolution of the Stellar Mass Tully-Fisher Relation to Redshift 2.0 < Z < 2.5 with MOSFIRE
• SuperBoRG: Exploration of point sources at $z\sim 8$ in HST parallel fields
• The Detection of [O III]$\lambda$4363 in a Lensed, Dwarf Galaxy at $z$ = 2.59: Testing Metallicity Indicators and Scaling Relations at High Redshift and Low Mass
• Texas Spectroscopic Search for Ly$\alpha$ Emission at the End of Reionization I. Constraining the Ly$\alpha$ Equivalent Width Distribution at 6.0 < $z$ < 7.0
• The MOSDEF Survey: Environmental dependence of the gas-phase metallicity of galaxies at $1.4\le z\le 2.6$
• The First Robust Constraints on the Relationship Between Dust-to-Gas Ratio and Metallicity in Luminous Star-forming Galaxies at High Redshift
• The MOSDEF Survey: Neon as a Probe of ISM Physical Conditions at High Redshift
• An Hα view of galaxy build-up in the first 2 Gyr: luminosity functions at z~4-6.5 from NIRCam/grism spectroscopy
• Broad-band selection, spectroscopic identification, and physical properties of a population of extreme emission line galaxies at 3<z<3.7
• Revisiting the classics: Is [Mg/Fe] a good proxy for galaxy formation time-scales?
• Identifying Galaxy Mergers in Simulated CEERS NIRCam Images using Random Forests
• JADES: Balmer Decrement Measurements at redshifts 4 < z < 7
• The NIRSpec Wide GTO Survey
• Correlation between the gas-phase metallicity and ionization parameter in extragalactic HII regions
• The MOSDEF Survey: First Measurement of Nebular Oxygen Abundance at $z>4$
• A large, deep 3 deg${}^2$ survey of H$\alpha$, [OIII], and [OII] emitters from LAGER: constraining luminosity functions
• An Intensity Mapping Constraint on the CO-Galaxy Cross Power Spectrum at Redshift ~ 3
• A${}^3$COSMOS and A${}^3$GOODSS: Continuum Source Catalogues and Multi-band Number Counts
• CEERS: Spatially Resolved UV and mid-IR Star Formation in Galaxies at 0.2 < z < 2.5: The Picture from the Hubble and James Webb Space Telescopes
• The physical drivers of gas turbulence in simulated disc galaxies
• First HETDEX Spectroscopic Determinations of Ly$\alpha$ and UV Luminosity Functions at $z=2-3$: Bridging a Gap Between Faint AGN and Bright Galaxies
• Elentári: A $z\sim 3.3$ Proto-Supercluster in COSMOS
• The average dust attenuation curve at z~1.3 based on HST grism surveys
• Reconstructing the observed ionizing photon production efficiency at z~2 using stellar population models
• Changing physical conditions in star-forming galaxies between redshifts 0 < z < 4: [OIII]/Hb evolution
• A Deep Ly$\alpha$ Survey in ECDF-S and COSMOS: I. General Properties of Lyman-alpha Emitters at $z\sim 2$
• THE MOSDEF SURVEY: The Nature of Mid-Infrared Excess Galaxies and a Comparison of IR and UV Star Formation Tracers at z~2
• SILVERRUSH X: Machine Learning-Aided Selection of $9318$ LAEs at $z=2.2$, $3.3$, $4.9$, $5.7$, $6.6$, and $7.0$ from the HSC SSP and CHORUS Survey Data
• Galaxy inclination and the IRX-beta relation: Effects on UV star-formation rate measurements at intermediate to high redshifts
• Texas Spectroscopic Search for Ly$\alpha$ Emission at the End of Reionization II. The Deepest Near-Infrared Spectroscopic Observation at $z\gtrsim 7$
• IR SED and Dust Masses of Sub-solar Metallicity Galaxies at z~2.3
• The VANDELS survey: Discovery of massive overdensities of galaxies at z>2
• CLEAR: Survey Overview, Data Analysis and Products
• Stochastic Modelling of Star Formation Histories III. Constraints from Physically-Motivated Gaussian Processes
• The Detection of Ionized Carbon Emission at z~8
• An Updated Dust-to-Star Geometry: Dust Attenuation Does Not Depend on Inclination in $1.3\le z\le 2.6$ Star-Forming Galaxies from MOSDEF
• Bridging Optical and Far-Infrared Emission-Line Diagrams of Galaxies from Local to the Epoch of Reionization: Characteristic High [O III] 88 $\mu \mathrm{m}$/SFR at $z>6$
• The Detection of Intergalactic Halpha Emission from the Slug Nebula at z~2.3
• Stellar populations and star formation histories of the most extreme [OIII] emitters at $z=1.3-3.7$
• Lyman Continuum Galaxy Candidates in COSMOS
• Machine Learning Classifiers for Intermediate Redshift Emission Line Galaxies
• Lyman-Alpha Escape from Low-Mass, Compact, High-Redshift Galaxies
• SHARDS: A global view of the star formation activity at z~0.84 and z~1.23
• AGN accretion and black hole growth across compact and extended galaxy evolution phases
• The dust-to-gas mass ratio of luminous galaxies as a function of their metallicity at cosmic noon
• The Obscured Fraction of Quasars at Cosmic Noon
• Dust attenuation of the nebular regions and optical emission lines of $z\sim 2$ star-forming galaxies
• Bright Lyman $\alpha$ emitters among Spitzer SMUVS galaxies in the MUSE/COSMOS field
• Observational Evidence for Large-Scale Gas Heating in a Galaxy Protocluster at z=2.30
• Groups and protocluster candidates in the CLAUDS and HSC-SSP joint deep surveys
• The Stellar Age Dependence of X-ray Emission from Normal Star-Forming Galaxies in the GOODS Fields
• Classifying Stars, Galaxies and AGN in CLAUDS+HSC-SSP Using Gradient Boosted Decision Trees
• The star formation rate cookbook at 1 < z < 3: Extinction-corrected relations for UV & [OII]λ3727 luminosities
• The Subaru FMOS Galaxy Redshift Survey (FastSound). II. The Emission Line Catalog and Properties of Emission Line Galaxies
• The Lyman Continuum Escape Fraction of Star-forming Galaxies at $2.4\lesssim z\lesssim 3.0$ from UVCANDELS
• The MOSDEF-LRIS Survey: Connection between Galactic-scale Outflows and the Properties of $z$~2 star-forming Galaxies
• Measuring alignments between galaxies and the cosmic web at $z\sim 2-3$ using IGM tomography
• More is better: Strong constraints on the stellar properties of LEGA-C z ~ 1 galaxies with Prospector
• The MOSDEF Survey: No Significant Enhancement in Star Formation or Deficit in Metallicity in Merging Galaxy Pairs at 1.5<=z<=3.5
• Morphology & Environment's Role on the Star Formation Rate -- Stellar Mass Relation in COSMOS from 0 < z < 3.5
• A possible bright ultraviolet flash from a galaxy at redshift z ~ 11
• The MOSDEF Survey: Differences in SFR and Metallicity for Morphologically-Selected Mergers at z~2
• The ALPINE-ALMA [CII] Survey: Investigation of 10 Galaxies at $z\sim 4.5$ with [OII] and [CII] Line Emission $-$ ISM Properties and [OII]$-$SFR Relation
• Evidence for gas-phase metal deficiency in massive protocluster galaxies at z~2.2
• Spatially resolved emission lines in galaxies at $4\le z<10$ from the JADES survey: evidence for enhanced central star formation
• A Submillimeter Perspective on the GOODS Fields (SUPER GOODS). IV. The Submillimeter Properties of X-ray Sources in the CDF-S
• Correlations between H$\alpha$ Equivalent Width and Galaxy Properties at $z=0.47$: Physical or Selection-driven?
• COSMOS-Web: A history of galaxy migrations over the stellar mass-star formation rate plane
• On the Impact of Inclination-Dependent Attenuation on Derived Star Formation Histories: Results from Disk Galaxies in the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey Fields
• The AstroSat UV Deep Field North: the far and near ultraviolet photometric catalog
• Unravelling the Dust Attenuation Scaling Relations and their Evolution
• Morphological Evolution of the Hosts of Far-Infrared/Submillimeter Galaxies
• The MOSDEF-LRIS Survey: Probing ISM/CGM Structure of Star-Forming Galaxies at z~2 Using Rest-UV Spectroscopy
• Subaru narrow-band imaging search for Lyman continuum from galaxies at z>3 in the GOODS-N field
• The MOSDEF Survey: Stellar Continuum Spectra and Star Formation Histories of Active, Transitional, and Quiescent Galaxies at 1.4$<$\lowercase{z}$<$2.6
• Flame: A Flexible Data Reduction Pipeline for Near-Infrared and Optical Spectroscopy
• Towards Studying Hierarchical Assembly in Real Time: A Milky Way Progenitor Galaxy at z = 2.36 under the Microscope
• Obscured AGN enhancement in galaxy pairs at cosmic noon: evidence from a probabilistic treatment of photometric redshifts
• DESI Complete Calibration of the Color-Redshift Relation (DC3R2): Results from early DESI data
• Feedback and dynamical masses in high-$z$ galaxies: the advent of high-resolution NIRSpec spectroscopy
• The MOSDEF Survey: An Improved Voronoi Binning Technique on Spatially Resolved Stellar Populations at z~2
• A Spectroscopic Census of X-ray Systems in the COSMOS Field
• z ~ 2.5 - 3 Ionizers in the GOODS-N Field
• The MOSDEF-LRIS Survey: Detection of Inflowing Gas Towards Three Star-forming Galaxies at z ~ 2
• The MOSDEF Survey: Calibrating the relationship between H$\alpha$ star-formation rate and radio continuum luminosity at $1.4<z<2.6$
• A Catalog of Emission-Line Galaxies from the Faint Infrared Grism Survey: Studying Environmental Influence on Star Formation
• The MOSDEF Survey: The Dependence of H$\alpha$-to-UV SFR Ratios on SFR and Size at $z\sim 2$
• Exploring the Correlation between $\mathrm{H}\alpha$-to-UV Ratio and Burstiness for Typical Star-forming Galaxies at $z\sim 2$
• MAGAZ3NE: Massive, Extremely Dusty Galaxies at $z\sim 2$ Lead to Photometric Overestimation of Number Densities of the Most Massive Galaxies at $3<z<4$
• COSMOS Brightest Group Galaxies -- III: Evolution of stellar ages
• The Star-Forming Interstellar Medium of Lyman Break Galaxy Analogs
• The Direct-Method Oxygen Abundance of Typical Dwarf Galaxies at Cosmic High-Noon
• Environments of a sample of AzTEC submillimetre galaxies in the COSMOS field
• NGDEEP: The Star Formation and Ionization Properties of Galaxies at $1.7<z<3.4$
• The Grism Lens-Amplified Survey from Space (GLASS). XIII. G800L optical spectra from the parallel fields
• The mass-dependent UVJ diagram at cosmic noon: A challenge for galaxy evolution models and dust radiative transfer
• Spectroscopically Identified Emission Line Galaxy Pairs in the WISP survey
• The Hα Luminosity Function of Galaxies at z {\sim} 4.5
• The Grism Lens-Amplified Survey from Space (GLASS). XII. Spatially Resolved Galaxy Star Formation Histories and True Evolutionary Paths at z > 1
• Circumgalactic Environments around Distant Quasars 3C 9 and 4C 05.84
• He II Emission from Wolf-Rayet Stars as a Tool for Measuring Dust Reddening
• JWST PRIMER: A deep JWST study of all ALMA-detected galaxies in PRIMER COSMOS -- dust-obscured star-formation history back to z $\simeq$ 7
• SQuIGG$\vec{L}$E: Observational Evidence of Low Ongoing Star Formation Rates in Gas-Rich Post-Starburst Galaxies
• 2mm Observations and the Search for High-Redshift Dusty Star-forming Galaxies
• Improved Measurements of Galaxy Star Formation Stochasticity from the Intrinsic Scatter of Burst Indicators
• A Search for Massive Galaxy Population in a Protocluster of LAEs at $z=2.39$ near the Radio Galaxy 53W002
• Effective Opacity of the Intergalactic Medium from Galaxy Spectra Analysis
• LEGA-C: analysis of dynamical masses from ionized gas and stellar kinematics at z~0.8
• Towards unveiling the Cosmic Reionization: the ionizing photon production efficiency (${\xi }_{ion}$) of Low-mass H$\alpha$ emitters at $z\sim 2.3$
• Reconciling the Results of the z~2 MOSDEF and KBSS-MOSFIRE Surveys
• The Dwarf Galaxy Population at $z\sim 0.7$: A Catalog of Emission Lines and Redshifts from Deep Keck Observations
• Simulating gas kinematic studies of high-redshift galaxies with the HARMONI Integral Field Spectrograph
• The Differential Assembly History of the Centers and Outskirts of Main Sequence Galaxies at $z\sim 2.3$
• Ionized gas metallicity of the strong [OIII]λ emission-line compact galaxies in the LAMOST survey
• The Halo Masses of Galaxies to $z\sim 3$: A Hybrid Observational and Theoretical Approach
• Spectroscopy of an extreme [OIII] emitting active galactic nucleus at $z=3.212$: implications for the reionisation era
• A comprehensive study of H$\alpha$ emitters at $z\sim$ 0.62 in the DAWN survey: the need for deep and wide regions
• The ALPINE-ALMA [CII] Survey: Modelling ALMA and JWST lines to constrain the interstellar medium of $z\sim 5$ galaxies
• Massive molecular gas reservoir in a luminous sub-millimeter galaxy during cosmic noon
• Properties of IR selected Active Galactic Nuclei
• The MOSDEF Survey: Towards a Complete Census of the z ~ 2.3 Star-forming Galaxy Population
• The Compilation and Validation of the Spectroscopic Redshift Catalogs for the DESI-COSMOS and DESI-XMMLSS Fields
• The JWST/AURORA Survey: Multiple Balmer and Paschen Emission Lines for Individual Star-forming Galaxies at z=1.5-4.4. I. A Diversity of Nebular Attenuation Curves and Evidence for Non-Unity Dust Covering Fractions
• MARTA: Temperature-temperature relationships and strong-line metallicity calibrations from multiple auroral-line detections at cosmic noon
• Multiple emission lines of H$\alpha$ emitters at $z\sim 2.3$ from the broad and medium-band photometry in the ZFOURGE Survey
• Cosmic Stillness: High Quiescent Galaxy Fractions Across Upper Mass Scales in the Early Universe to z = 7 with JWST
• KBSS-InCLOSE I: Design and First Results from the Inner CGM of QSO Line Of Sight Emitting Galaxies at z~2-3
• The Neon Gap: Probing Ionization with Dwarf Galaxies at z~1
• Rapid, out of equilibrium metal enrichment indicated by a flat mass-metallicity relation at z~6 from NIRCam grism spectroscopy
• LATIS: A Sample of IGM-selected Protoclusters and Protogroups at $z\sim 2.5$
• Introducing cosmosTNG: simulating galaxy formation with constrained realizations of the COSMOS field
• Active Galactic Nuclei in the Green Valley at z$\sim$0.7
• Disentangling the physical origin of emission line ratio offsets at high redshift with spatially resolved spectroscopy
• Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Deep Field Optical + Near-Infrared Images and Catalogue
• Deep Extragalactic VIsible Legacy Survey (DEVILS): First Data Release Covering The D10 (COSMOS) Region
• The MOSDEF Survey: Probing Resolved Stellar Populations at $z\sim 2$ Using a New Bayesian-defined Morphology Metric Called Patchiness
• Cosmic Vine: High abundance of massive galaxies and dark matter halos in a forming cluster at z=3.44
• Dark from light (DfL): Inferring halo properties from luminous tracers with machine learning trained on cosmological simulations. I. Method, proof of concept & preliminary testing
• Flexure updates to MOSFIRE on the Keck I telescope
• The MOSDEF Survey: A New View of a Remarkable z=1.89 Merger
• Exploring the X-ray-radio connection for AGN via measurements of the multi-dimensional luminosity function
• Compact dust-obscured star-formation and the origin of the galaxy bimodality
• The HST-Hyperion Survey: Companion Fraction and Overdensity in a z ~ 2.5 Proto-supercluster
• Through the fog: a complementary optical galaxy classification scheme for 'intermediate' redshifts
• Enhanced AGN Activity in Overdense Galactic Environments at $2<z<4$
• Disentangling AGN and Star Formation Activity at High Redshift Using Hubble Space Telescope Grism Spectroscopy
• Discovery of a Barred-Spiral Galaxy at $z_{spec}$ = 3.16 II. The Star Formation History
• Compact [OIII] emission-line regions ("Green Seeds") in $\mathrm{H}\alpha$ emitters at Cosmic Noon from JWST Observations
• Tracing nitrogen enrichment across cosmic time with JWST
• The Physical Properties of Star-Forming Galaxies with Strong [O III] Lines at z=3.25
• PHIBSS: Searching for Molecular Gas Outflows in Star-Forming Galaxies at $z=$ 0.5-2.6
• Obscured and unobscured X-ray AGNs I: Host galaxy properties
• LATIS Data Release: $\sim 4200$ Spectra of $z\sim 2-3$ Galaxies, Redshifts, and Intergalactic Medium Tomography Maps
• Near-IR Spectroscopic Studies of Galaxies at z~1-3
• Euclid preparation. Predicting star-forming galaxy scaling relations with the spectral stacking code SpectraPyle