Effective Opacity of the Intergalactic Medium from Galaxy Spectra Analysis

Abstract

We measure the effective opacity (${\tau }_{eff}$) of the Intergalactic Medium (IGM) from the composite spectra of 281 Lyman-Break Galaxies (LBGs) in the redshift range $2\lesssim z\lesssim 3$. Our spectra are taken from the COSMOS Lyman-Alpha Mapping And Tomographic Observations (CLAMATO) survey derived from the Low Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (LRIS) on the W.M. Keck I telescope. We generate composite spectra in two redshift intervals and fit them with spectral energy distribution (SED) models composed of simple stellar populations. Extrapolating these SED models into the Ly$\alpha$ forest, we measure the effective Ly$\alpha$ opacity (${\tau }_{eff}$) in the $2.02\le z\le 2.44$ range. At $z=2.22$, we estimate ${\tau }_{eff}=0.159\pm 0.001$ from a power-law fit to the data. These measurements are consistent with estimates from quasar analyses at $z<2.5$ indicating that the systematic errors associated with normalizing quasar continua are not substantial. We provide a Gaussian Processes model of our results and previous ${\tau }_{eff}$ measurements that describes the steep redshift evolution in ${\tau }_{eff}$ from $z=1.5-4$.

arXiv commentaccepted to ApJ on 05/18/2020

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