Elentári: A $z\sim 3.3$ Proto-Supercluster in COSMOS

Abstract

Motivated by spectroscopic confirmation of three overdense regions in the COSMOS field at $z\sim 3.35$, we analyze the uniquely deep multi-wavelength photometry and extensive spectroscopy available in the field to identify any further related structure. We construct a three dimensional density map using the Voronoi tesselation Monte Carlo method and find additional regions of significant overdensity. Here we present and examine a set of six overdense structures at $3.20<z<3.45$ in the COSMOS field, the most well characterized of which, PCl~J0959+0235, has 80 spectroscopically confirmed members and an estimated mass of $1.35\times 10^{15}$~M${}_{\odot }$, and is modeled to virialize at $z\sim 1.5-2.0$. These structures contain ten overdense peaks with $>5\sigma$ overdensity separated by up to 70 cMpc, suggestive of a proto-supercluster similar to the Hyperion system at $z\sim 2.45$. Upcoming photometric surveys with JWST such as COSMOS-Web, and further spectroscopic follow-up will enable more extensive analysis of the evolutionary effects that such an environment may have on its component galaxies at these early times.

Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 7 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables

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Cited by in corpus (16)

• Cosmic Vine: A z=3.44 large-scale structure hosting massive quiescent galaxies
• Large Scale Structures in COSMOS2020: Evolution of Star Formation Activity in Different Environments at 0.4 < z < 4
• Discovering Large-Scale Structure at $2<z<5$ in the C3VO Survey
• The COSMOS-Web deep galaxy group catalog up to $z=3.7$
• COALAS III: The ATCA CO(1-0) look at the growth and death of H$\alpha$ emitters in the Spiderweb protocluster at z=2.16
• Magnetic dynamos in galaxy clusters: the crucial role of galaxy formation physics at high redshifts
• Galaxy populations in protoclusters at cosmic noon
• Quenching of Galaxies at Cosmic Noon: Understanding the Effect of Environment
• Gas properties as a function of environment in the proto-supercluster Hyperion at z ~ 2.45
• Insights into environmental quenching at $z\sim 1$: an enhancement of faint, low-mass passive galaxies in clusters
• pop-cosmos: Insights from generative modeling of a deep, infrared-selected galaxy population
• Galaxy Superclusters and Their Complexes in the Cosmic Web
• Quantifying the Impact of Incompleteness on Identifying and Interpreting Galaxy Protocluster Populations with the TNG-Cluster Simulation
• Enhanced AGN Activity in Overdense Galactic Environments at $2<z<4$
• The HST-Hyperion Survey: Companion Fraction and Overdensity in a z ~ 2.5 Proto-supercluster
• Probing the influence of the protocluster environment on galaxy morphology at z = 2.23