MOSEL Survey: Tracking the Growth of Massive Galaxies at 2<z<4 using Kinematics and the IllustrisTNG Simulation

Abstract

We use K-band spectroscopic data from the Multi-Object Spectroscopic Emission Line (MOSEL) survey to analyze the kinematic properties of galaxies at z>3. Our sample consists of 34 galaxies at 3.0<zspec<3.8 between 9.0<log(M_star)<11.0. We find that galaxies with log(M_star) > 10.2 at z > 3 have 56 +/- 21 km/s lower integrated velocity dispersion compared to galaxies at z ~ 2 of similar stellar mass. Massive galaxies at z > 3 have either a flat or declining star formation history (SFH), whereas similar stellar mass galaxies at z~2.0 exhibit a slight peak in the past 500 Myrs. Comparing with the IllustrisTNG cosmological simulation, we find that (i) the dynamical mass of massive galaxies in simulations (log(M_star) > 10.0) increases by ~0.1 dex at a fixed stellar mass between z=2.0-3.0, and (ii) dynamical mass growth is coupled with a rapid rise in the ex-situ stellar mass fraction (stars accreted from other galaxies) for massive galaxies at z < 3.5. We speculate that the rising contribution of ex-situ stellar mass to the total stellar mass growth of massive galaxies is driving the higher integrated velocity dispersion and rising SFHs of massive galaxies at z~2.0 compared to galaxies of similar stellar masses at z > 3.

arXiv comment19 pages, 9 figures, Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal

References in corpus (81)

• Galactic Stellar and Substellar Initial Mass Function
• Nine-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Cosmological Parameter Results
• Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA)
• Cosmic Star Formation History
• Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA): Giant Planets, Oscillations, Rotation, and Massive Stars
• Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA): Binaries, Pulsations, and Explosions
• MESA Isochrones and Stellar Tracks (MIST). I: Solar-Scaled Models
• CANDELS: The Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey
• CANDELS: The Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey - The Hubble Space Telescope Observations, Imaging Data Products and Mosaics
• MESA Isochrones and Stellar Tracks (MIST) 0: Methods for the construction of stellar isochrones
• The propagation of uncertainties in stellar population synthesis modeling I: The relevance of uncertain aspects of stellar evolution and the IMF to the derived physical properties of galaxies
• First results from the IllustrisTNG simulations: matter and galaxy clustering
• Detailed Decomposition of Galaxy Images. II. Beyond Axisymmetric Models
• First results from the IllustrisTNG simulations: the stellar mass content of groups and clusters of galaxies
• First results from the IllustrisTNG simulations: the galaxy color bimodality
• 3D-HST+CANDELS: The Evolution of the Galaxy Size-Mass Distribution since $z=3$
• First results from the IllustrisTNG simulations: A tale of two elements -- chemical evolution of magnesium and europium
• The propagation of uncertainties in stellar population synthesis modeling III: model calibration, comparison, and evaluation
• The SAURON project - IV. The mass-to-light ratio, the virial mass estimator and the fundamental plane of elliptical and lenticular galaxies
• The SINS survey: SINFONI Integral Field Spectroscopy of z ~ 2 Star-forming Galaxies
• First results from the IllustrisTNG simulations: radio haloes and magnetic fields
• An ultra-deep near-infrared spectrum of a compact quiescent galaxy at z=2.2
• The merger rate of galaxies in the Illustris Simulation: a comparison with observations and semi-empirical models
• 3D-HST: A wide-field grism spectroscopic survey with the Hubble Space Telescope
• PHIBSS: Unified Scaling Relations of Gas Depletion Time and Molecular Gas Fractions
• The KMOS^3D Survey: design, first results, and the evolution of galaxy kinematics from 0.7<z<2.7
• How to Measure Galaxy Star Formation Histories II: Nonparametric Models
• Deriving Physical Properties from Broadband Photometry with Prospector: Description of the Model and a Demonstration of its Accuracy Using 129 Galaxies in the Local Universe
• The stellar mass assembly of galaxies in the Illustris simulation: growth by mergers and the spatial distribution of accreted stars
• Nebular Continuum and Line Emission in Stellar Population Synthesis Models
• The Kiloparsec-Scale Kinematics of High-Redshift Star-Forming Galaxies
• A Unified Model for Galactic Discs: Star Formation, Turbulence Driving, and Mass Transport
• The Size Evolution of Star-forming and Quenched Galaxies in the IllustrisTNG simulation
• Galaxy Masses
• Strongly baryon-dominated disk galaxies at the peak of galaxy formation ten billion years ago
• How do minor mergers promote inside-out growth of ellipticals, transforming the size, density profile and dark matter fraction?
• Validation of the equilibrium model for galaxy evolution to z~3 through molecular gas and dust observations of lensed star-forming galaxies
• A massive, quiescent galaxy at redshift of z=3.717
• An Older, More Quiescent Universe from Panchromatic SED Fitting of the 3D-HST Survey
• The FourStar Galaxy Evolution Survey (ZFOURGE): ultraviolet to far-infrared catalogs, medium-bandwidth photometric redshifts with improved accuracy, stellar masses, and confirmation of quiescent galaxies to z~3.5
• Stellar Kinematics of z~2 Galaxies and the Inside-Out Growth of Quiescent Galaxies
• The KMOS Redshift One Spectroscopic Survey (KROSS): Dynamical properties, gas and dark matter fractions of typical z~1 star-forming galaxies
• Is Turbulence in the Interstellar Medium Driven by Feedback or Gravity? An Observational Test
• The Evolution and Origin of Ionized Gas Velocity Dispersion from $z\sim 2.6$ to $z\sim 0.6$ with KMOS${}^{3D}$
• MASSIV: Mass Assembly Survey with SINFONI in VVDS - II. Kinematics and close environment classification
• Dynamical properties of AMAZE and LSD galaxies from gas kinematics and the Tully-Fisher relation at z~3
• Resolved spectroscopy of gravitationally lensed galaxies: global dynamics and star-forming clumps on ~100pc scales
• The Population of Giant Clumps in Simulated High-z Galaxies: In-situ and Ex-situ, Migration and Survival
• The Dawes Review 1: Kinematic studies of star-forming galaxies across cosmic time
• MusE GAs FLOw and Wind (MEGAFLOW) II. A study of gas accretion around $z\approx 1$ star-forming galaxies with background quasars
• The diverse evolutionary paths of simulated high-z massive, compact galaxies to z=0
• The Nature of Extreme Emission Line Galaxies at z=1-2: Kinematics and Metallicities from Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
• The KMOS Deep Survey (KDS) I: dynamical measurements of typical star-forming galaxies at z $\simeq$ 3.5
• Can dry merging explain the size evolution of early-type galaxies?
• The evolution of the Tully-Fisher relation between z~2.3 and z~0.9 with KMOS^3D
• Kiloparsec Scale Properties of Star-Formation Driven Outflows at z~2.3 in the SINS/zC-SINF AO Survey
• The MOSDEF Survey: Dynamical and Baryonic Masses and Kinematic Structures of Star-Forming Galaxies at $1.4\le z\le 2.6$
• A Massive Galaxy in its Core Formation Phase Three Billion Years After the Big Bang
• Keck-I MOSFIRE spectroscopy of compact star-forming galaxies at z$\gtrsim$2: High velocity dispersions in progenitors of compact quiescent galaxies
• The Size Evolution of Star-forming Galaxies Since z~7 Using ZFOURGE
• ZFIRE: A KECK/MOSFIRE Spectroscopic Survey of Galaxies in Rich Environments at z~2
• Nebular Excitation in z~2 Star-forming Galaxies from the SINS and LUCI Surveys: The Influence of Shocks and AGN
• The high mass end of the stellar mass function: Dependence on stellar population models and agreement between fits to the light profile
• On ths assembly history of stellar components in massive galaxies
• On the effect of cosmological inflow on turbulence and instability in galactic discs
• ZFIRE: Galaxy Cluster Kinematics, H$\alpha$ Star Formation Rates, and Gas-Phase Metallicities of XMM-LSS J02182-05102 at z=1.6233
• Kinematic Downsizing at z~2
• Confirmation of Small Dynamical and Stellar Masses for Extreme Emission Line Galaxies at z~2
• ZFOURGE catalogue of AGN candidates: an enhancement of 160μm-derived star-formation rates in active galaxies to $z$ = 3.2
• The Shapes of the Rotation Curves of Star-forming Galaxies Over the Last $\approx$10 Gyr
• The dynamics of z=0.8 H-alpha-selected star-forming galaxies from KMOS/CF-HiZELS
• ZFOURGE: Using Composite Spectral Energy Distributions to Characterize Galaxy Populations at 1<z<4
• KMOS LENsing Survey (KLENS) : morpho-kinematic analysis of star-forming galaxies at $z\sim 2$
• ZFIRE: The Evolution of the Stellar Mass Tully-Fisher Relation to Redshift 2.0 < Z < 2.5 with MOSFIRE
• Declining rotation curves at $z=2$ in $\Lambda$CDM galaxy formation simulations
• ZFIRE: The Kinematics of Star-Forming Galaxies as a Function of Environment at z~2
• On Formation of Singularity of Spherically Symmetric Nonbarotropic Flows
• Gas inflow and outflow in an interacting high-redshift galaxy: The remarkable host environment of GRB 080810 at $z=3.35$
• The interstellar medium in [OIII]-selected star-forming galaxies at $z\sim 3.2$
• ZFOURGE: Extreme 5007$\mathring{A}$ emission may be a common early-lifetime phase for star-forming galaxies at $z>2.5$
• Imaging Spectroscopy of Ionized Gaseous Nebulae around Optically Faint AGN at Redshift z ~ 2

Cited by in corpus (8)

• The buildup of galaxies and their spheroids: the contributions of mergers, disc instabilities and star formation
• MOSEL Survey: Extremely weak outflows in EoR analogues at z=3-4
• MOSEL and IllustrisTNG: Massive Extended Galaxies at z=2 Quench Later Than Normal-size Galaxies
• Do minor interactions trigger star formation in galaxy pairs?
• ZFIRE: The Beginning of the End for Massive Galaxies at z ~ 2 and Why Environment Matters
• The roles of environment and interactions on the evolution of red and blue galaxies in the EAGLE simulation
• Exploring the evolution of red and blue galaxies in different cosmic web environments using IllustrisTNG simulation
• A semi-analytical perspective on massive red galaxies: I. Assembly history, environment & redshift evolution