Physics of ULIRGs with MUSE and ALMA: PUMA IV. No tight relation between cold molecular outflow rates and AGN luminosities

I. Lamperti; M. Pereira-Santaella; M. Perna; L. Colina; S. Arribas; S. García-Burillo; E. González-Alfonso; S. Aalto; A. Alonso-Herrero; F. Combes; A. Labiano; J. Piqueras-López; D. Rigopoulou; P. van der Werf

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244054

paper

Physics of ULIRGs with MUSE and ALMA: PUMA IV. No tight relation between cold molecular outflow rates and AGN luminosities

arXiv:2209.03380 · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244054

Abstract

We study molecular outflows in a sample of 25 nearby (z< 0.17, d<750 Mpc) ULIRG systems (38 individual nuclei) as part of the "Physics of ULIRGs with MUSE and ALMA" (PUMA) survey, using ~400 pc (0.1-1.0" beam FWHM) resolution ALMA CO(2-1) observations. We used a spectro-astrometry analysis to identify high-velocity (> 300 km/s) molecular gas disconnected from the galaxy rotation, which we attribute to outflows. In 77% of the 26 nuclei with $lo g L_{I R} / L_{⊙} > 11.8$ , we identifid molecular outflows with an average $v_{o u t} = 490$ km/s, outflow masses $1 - 35 \times 1 0^{7}$ $M_{⊙}$ , mass outflow rates $M ˙_{o u t} = 6 - 300$ $M_{⊙}$ yr $^{- 1}$ , mass-loading factors $η = M ˙_{o u t} / S F R = 0.1 - 1$ , and an average outflow mass escape fraction of 45%. The majority of these outflows (18/20) are spatially resolved with radii of 0.2-0.9 kpc and have short dynamical times ( $t_{d y n} = R_{o u t} / v_{o u t}$ ) in the range 0.5-2.8 Myr. The outflow detection rate is higher in nuclei dominated by starbursts (SBs, 14/15=93%) than in active galactic nuclei (AGN, 6/11=55%). Outflows perpendicular to the kinematic major axis are mainly found in interacting SBs. We also find that our sample does not follow the $M ˙_{o u t}$ versus AGN luminosity relation reported in previous works. In our analysis, we include a sample of nearby main-sequence galaxies (SFR = 0.3-17 $M_{⊙}$ yr $^{- 1}$ ) with detected molecular outflows from the PHANGS-ALMA survey to increase the $L_{I R}$ dynamic range. Using these two samples, we find a correlation between the outflow velocity and the SFR, as traced by $L_{I R}$ ( $v_{o u t} \propto S F R^{0.25 \pm 0.01})$ , which is consistent with what was found for the atomic ionised and neutral phases. Using this correlation, and the relation between $M_{o u t} / R_{o u t}$ and $v_{o u t}$ , we conclude that these outflows are likely momentum-driven.

27 pages, 23 figures; Appendix: 49 pages, 41 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics. Typo corrected in Table 1 for galaxy 19297-0406

Physics of ULIRGs with MUSE and ALMA: PUMA IV. No tight relation between cold molecular outflow rates and AGN luminosities

Abstract

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