Number Density Evolution of Ks -band Selected High Redshift Galaxy Populations in the AKARI North Ecliptic Pole Field

Abstract

We present the number counts of Ks-band selected high redshift galaxy populations such as extremely red objects (EROs), B, z & K -band selected galaxies (BzKs) and distant red galaxies (DRGs) in the AKARI NEP field. The final catalogue contains 308 EROs (Ks<19.0 ; 54 percent are dusty star-forming EROs and the rest are passive old EROs), 137 star-forming BzKs and 38 passive old BzKs (Ks<19.0) and 64 DRGs (Ks<18.6). We also produce individual component source counts for both the dusty star-forming and passive populations. We compare the observed number counts of the high redshift passively evolving galaxy population with a backward pure luminosity evolution (PLE) model allowing different degrees of number density evolution. We find that the PLE model without density evolution fails to explain the observed counts at faint magnitudes, while the model incorporating negative density evolution is consistent with the observed counts of the passively evolving population. We also compare our observed counts of dusty star-forming EROs with a phenomenological evolutionary model postulating that the near-infrared EROs can be explained by the source densities of the far-infrared - submillimetre populations. Our model predicts that the dusty ERO source counts can be explained assuming a 25 percent contribution of submillimetre star-forming galaxies with the majority of brighter Ks -band detected dusty EROs having luminous (rather than HR10 type ultra-luminous) submillimetre counterparts. We propose that the fainter Ks>19.5 population is dominated by the sub-millijansky submillimetre population. We also predict a turnover in in dusty ERO counts around 19<Ks<20.

(37 pages, 14 figures accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal)

References in corpus (87)

• Observational Evidence from Supernovae for an Accelerating Universe and a Cosmological Constant
• Measurements of Omega and Lambda from 42 High-Redshift Supernovae
• First Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Determination of Cosmological Parameters
• Stellar population synthesis at the resolution of 2003
• Hierarchical Galaxy Formation
• Semi-Analytic Modelling of Galaxy Formation: The Local Universe
• The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: Near Infrared Galaxy Luminosity Functions
• Passively Evolving Early-type Galaxies at 1.4<z<2.5 in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field
• Reconstructing the linear power spectrum of cosmological mass fluctuations
• A new photometric technique for the joint selection of star-forming and passive galaxies at 1.4<z<2.5
• The SCUBA Local Universe Galaxy Survey I: First Measurements of the Submillimetre Luminosity and Dust Mass Functions
• The PSCz Catalogue
• The K-Band Galaxy Luminosity Function
• A Significant Population of Red, Near-IR Selected High Redshift Galaxies
• Evolution of the Hubble Sequence in Hierarchical Models for Galaxy Formation
• Deep radio imaging of the SCUBA 8-mJy survey fields: sub-mm source identifications and redshift distribution
• The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: Galaxy luminosity functions per spectral type
• Spitzer Observations of Massive Red Galaxies at High Redshift
• The GOODS-MUSIC sample: a multicolour catalog of near-IR selected galaxies in the GOODS-South field
• LBDS 53W091: An Old red Galaxy at z=1.552
• Cosmic Variance in the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey
• The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: Spectral Types and Luminosity Functions
• The K20 survey. I. Disentangling old and dusty star-forming galaxies in the ERO population
• Luminosity Function of Morphologically Classified Galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• A Census of Optical and Near-Infrared Selected Star-Forming and Passively Evolving Galaxies at Redshift Z~2
• The K20 survey. V The evolution of the near-IR Luminosity Function
• The Discovery of ERO Counterparts to Faint Submm Galaxies
• The Hubble Deep Field North SCUBA Super-map III - Optical and near-infrared properties of submillimetre galaxies
• Observations of a z=1.44 Dusty, Ultraluminous Galaxy and Implications for Deep Sub-mm Surveys
• Stellar Populations and Kinematics of Red Galaxies at z>2: Implications for the Formation of Massive Galaxies
• Detection of Strong Evolution in the Population of Early-Type Galaxies
• The European Large Area ISO Survey (ELAIS): The Final Band-merged Catalogue
• A wide area survey for high-redshift massive galaxies. I. Number counts and clustering of BzKs and EROs
• Deep Extragalactic Surveys around the Ecliptic Poles with AKARI (ASTRO-F)
• Extremely red galaxies: age and dust degeneracy solved ?
• Spectroscopic Confirmation of a Substantial Population of Luminous Red Galaxies at Redshifts z>2
• Early-Type Galaxies in the Hubble Deep Field: The Star Formation History
• The Clustering, Number Counts and Morphology of Extremely Red (R-K>5) Galaxies to K=21
• 2MASS Extended Sources in the Zone of Avoidance
• The Evolution of the Optical and Near-Infrared Galaxy Luminosity Functions and Luminosity Densities to z~2
• The Las Campanas IR Survey: Early Type Galaxy Progenitors Beyond Redshift One
• AN IMAGING K-BAND SURVEY - II: THE REDSHIFT SURVEY AND GALAXY EVOLUTION IN THE INFRARED
• Morphologies and Spectral Energy Distributions of Extremely Red Galaxies in the GOODS-South Field
• The Hawaii-AAO K-band Galaxy Redshift Survey -- Paper I: The Local K-band Luminosity Function
• The Environmental Dependence of the Infrared Luminosity and Stellar Mass Functions
• A Fossil Record of Galaxy Encounters
• The K-band luminosity function of nearby field galaxies
• The SCUBA HAlf Degree Extragalactic Survey (SHADES) -- I. Survey motivation, design and data processing
• Evolution in the Color-Magnitude Relation of Early-Type Galaxies in Clusters of Galaxies at z~=1
• The Nature, Evolution, Clustering and X-ray Properties of Extremely Red Galaxies in the CDFS/GOODS field
• Evolutionary SED diagnostics of starburst galaxies: signature of bimodality
• Subaru Deep Survey III. Evolution of Rest-Frame Luminosity Functions Based on the Photometric Redshifts for A K'-band Selected Galaxy Sample
• Near-Infrared Colors of Submillimeter-Selected Galaxies
• Probing the evolution of the near-IR luminosity function of galaxies to z ~ 3 in the Hubble Deep Field South
• Spectral Energy Distributions of Dusty Galaxies
• The Canada-UK Deep Submillimeter Survey VII: Optical and near-infrared identifications for the 14h field
• Luminosity dependent clustering of star-forming BzK galaxies at redshift 2
• The Clustering Evolution of Distant Red Galaxies in the GOODS-MUSIC Sample
• Number counts and clustering properties of bright Distant Red Galaxies in the UKIDSS Ultra Deep Survey Early Data Release
• The colour selection of distant galaxies in the UKIDSS Ultra-Deep Survey Early Data Release
• An Extendable Galaxy Number Count Model
• The Munich Near-Infrared Cluster Survey (MUNICS) - V. The evolution of the rest-frame K-band and J-band galaxy luminosity functions to z ~ 0.7
• The local sub-mm luminosity functions and predictions from Spitzer to Herschel
• Submillimeter observations of Distant Red Galaxies: uncovering the 1mJy 850um-population
• Near Infrared Observations of the Extremely Red Object CL0939+4713B: An Old Galaxy at z~1.58?
• MOIRCS Deep Survey. I: DRG Number Counts
• The relative abundances of ellipticals and starbursts among the Extremely Red Galaxies
• When the Hubble Sequence Appeared ?: Morphology, Color, and Number-Density Evolution of the Galaxies in the Hubble Deep Field North
• Evolution of Elliptical Galaxies at z >~ 1 Revealed from a Large, Multicolor Sample of Extremely Red Objects
• Extremely Red Objects in the Field of QSO 1213-0017: A Galaxy Concentration at z=1.31
• ISOCAM Mid-InfraRed Detection of HR 10: A Distant Clone of Arp 220 at z=1.44
• Deep HST imaging surveys and the formation of spheroidal galaxies
• Extremely red objects in the UKIDSS Ultra Deep Survey Early Data Release
• 2MASS Constraints on the Local Large-Scale Structure: A Challenge to LCDM?
• The evolution of Ks-selected galaxies in the GOODS/CDFS deep ISAAC field
• J- and Ks-band Galaxy Counts and Color Distributions in the AKARI North Ecliptic Pole Field
• Extremely Red Objects in The Lockman Hole
• Spitzer Observations of the Prototypical Extremely Red Objects HR10 and LBDS53W091: Separating Dusty Starbursts from Old Elliptical Galaxies
• Luminosity Functions beyond the spectroscopic limit. I. Method and near-infrared LFs in the HDF-N and HDF-S
• Search for sub-mm, mm and radio continuum emission from Extremely Red Objects
• The Canada-UK Deep Submillimetre Survey VIII: Source Identifications in the 3-hour field
• The Subillimeter Properties of Extremely Red Objects in the CUDSS Fields
• The SCUBA HAlf Degree Extragalactic Survey (SHADES) -- V. Submillimetre properties of near-infrared--selected galaxies in the Subaru/XMM--Newton deep field
• The Submillimeter Properties of Extremely Red Objects
• Chandra Constraints on the AGN Fraction and Star Formation Rate of Red z>~2 Galaxies in the FIRES MS1054-03 Field
• Number Counts of Bright Extremely Red Objects: Evolved Massive Galaxies at z~1
• Present-day scaling relations of submm galaxies: origin of spheroidal sytems

Cited by in corpus (5)

• Lightcone mock catalogues from semi-analytic models of galaxy formation - I. Construction and application to the BzK colour selection
• Evolution of Infrared Luminosity functions of Galaxies in the AKARI NEP-Deep field: Revealing the cosmic star formation history hidden by dust
• The clustering and abundance of star-forming and passive galaxies at $z\sim 2$
• Large scale structures around radio galaxies at z~1.5
• On the nature of red galaxies: the Chandra perspective