Hitchhiker's Guide to the Swampland: The Cosmologist's Handbook to the string-theoretical Swampland Programme

Abstract

String theory has strong implications for cosmology: it tells us that we cannot have a cosmological constant, that single-field slow-roll inflation is ruled out, and that black holes decay. We elucidate the origin of these statements within the string-theoretical swampland programme. The swampland programme is generating a growing body of insights that have yet to be incorporated into cosmological models. Taking a cosmologist's perspective, we highlight the relevance of swampland conjectures to black holes, dark matter, dark energy, and inflation, including their implications for scalar fields such as quintessence and axions. Our goal is to inspire cosmological model builders to examine the compatibility of effective field theories with quantum gravitational UV completions and to address outstanding cosmological tensions such as the Hubble tension. This comprehensive literature review presents clear definitions, cosmological implications, and the current status - including evidence and counterexamples - of the following swampland conjectures: the anti-de Sitter distance conjecture (AdSDC), the completeness conjecture (CC), the cobordism conjecture, the de Sitter conjecture (dSC), the swampland distance conjecture (SDC), the emergence proposal (EP), the Festina Lente Bound (FLB), the finite number of massless fields conjecture (or finite flux vacua conjecture (FFV)), the no global symmetries conjecture, the no non-supersymmetric theories conjecture, the non-negative null energy condition conjecture, the positive Gauss-Bonnet term conjecture, the species scale conjecture, the gravitino swampland conjecture (GSC), the tadpole conjecture, the tameness conjecture, the trans-Planckian censorship conjecture (tPCC/TCC), the unique geodesic conjecture, and the weak gravity conjecture (WGC), including the repulsive force conjecture (RFC).

170 pages, 6 figures

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• The Weak Gravity Conjecture in three dimensions
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• F-term Axion Monodromy Inflation
• Simple de Sitter Solutions
• Graduated dark energy: Observational hints of a spontaneous sign switch in the cosmological constant
• New physics from the polarised light of the cosmic microwave background
• A brief review on primordial black holes as dark matter
• A Measure of de Sitter Entropy and Eternal Inflation
• Global aspects of the space of 6D N = 1 supergravities
• Universal Non-Invertible Symmetries
• The Weak Gravity Conjecture: A Review
• Natural Inflation and Quantum Gravity
• Cosmic Birefringence from Planck Data Release 4
• D7-Brane Chaotic Inflation
• Towards Universal Axion Inflation and Reheating in String Theory
• Heavy fields, reduced speeds of sound and decoupling during inflation
• Search of scaling solutions in scalar-tensor gravity
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• Slow relaxation of rapidly rotating black holes
• Dark Photon Dark Matter from a Network of Cosmic Strings
• Universal Bound on Dynamical Relaxation Times and Black-Hole Quasinormal Ringing
• Relaxing cosmological tensions with a sign switching cosmological constant
• The effective theory of type IIA AdS4 compactifications on nilmanifolds and cosets
• Infrared Consistency and the Weak Gravity Conjecture
• UV-Protected Inflation
• A Matter Bounce By Means of Ghost Condensation
• Non-Invertible Symmetries from Holography and Branes
• Improved Constraints on Cosmic Birefringence from the WMAP and Planck Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization Data
• Observational evidence for cosmological coupling of black holes and its implications for an astrophysical source of dark energy
• Schwinger Effect in 4D de Sitter Space and Constraints on Magnetogenesis in the Early Universe
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• The Branes Behind Generalized Symmetry Operators
• On Slow-roll Moduli Inflation in Massive IIA Supergravity with Metric Fluxes
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• On the Cosmology of Type IIA Compactifications on SU(3)-structure Manifolds
• Smeared versus localised sources in flux compactifications
• Dark Photon Oscillations in Our Inhomogeneous Universe
• Machine Learning in the String Landscape
• Non-invertible Time-reversal Symmetry
• Cosmological Perturbations Through a Non-Singular Ghost-Condensate/Galileon Bounce
• On Classical de Sitter Vacua in String Theory
• Branes and Non-Invertible Symmetries
• The web of swampland conjectures and the TCC bound
• Asymptotic Flux Compactifications and the Swampland
• Merging the Weak Gravity and Distance Conjectures Using BPS Extremal Black Holes
• Spin-2 spectrum of defect theories
• Causality and the speed of sound
• Revision of VLT/UVES constraints on a varying fine-structure constant
• Swampland Conjectures for Strings and Membranes
• Quantum gravity and Standard-Model-like fermions
• Rescaled Einstein-Hilbert Gravity from $f(R)$ Gravity: Inflation, Dark Energy and the Swampland Criteria
• Topological Operators and Completeness of Spectrum in Discrete Gauge Theories
• Festina Lente: EFT Constraints from Charged Black Hole Evaporation in de Sitter
• Cobordism Conjecture, Anomalies, and the String Lamppost Principle
• On the Particle Interpretation of the PVLAS Data: Neutral versus Charged Particles
• Relaxing cosmological tensions with a sign switching cosmological constant: Improved results with Planck, BAO, and Pantheon data
• Exploring Non-Invertible Symmetries in Free Theories
• Minimal Simple de Sitter Solutions
• Probable or Improbable Universe? Correlating Electroweak Vacuum Instability with the Scale of Inflation
• Lorentz violation and perpetual motion
• Aligned Natural Inflation: Monodromies of two Axions
• A violation of global symmetries from replica wormholes and the fate of black hole remnants
• Positivity of Curvature-Squared Corrections in Gravity
• On Continuous 2-Category Symmetries and Yang-Mills Theory
• Aligned Natural Inflation in String Theory
• Disformal couplings and the dark sector of the universe
• Non-invertible Symmetries of Class $\mathcal{S}$ Theories
• Global symmetry, Euclidean gravity, and the black hole information problem
• Higher central charges and topological boundaries in 2+1-dimensional TQFTs
• Causality, Unitarity, and the Weak Gravity Conjecture
• Positivity Bounds and the Massless Spin-2 Pole
• Interacting quintessence from a variational approach Part II: derivative couplings
• The Weak Gravity Conjecture and Effective Field Theory
• Detection of isotropic cosmic birefringence and its implications for axion-like particles including dark energy
• Quantum Corrections in 4d N=1 Infinite Distance Limits and the Weak Gravity Conjecture
• Nonperturbative Instability of AdS_5 x S^5/Z_k
• Non-invertible self-duality defects of Cardy-Rabinovici model and mixed gravitational anomaly
• Unifying inflation with dark energy in modified F(R) Horava-Lifshitz gravity
• Swampland Variations on a Theme by KKLT
• New bounds on millicharged particles from cosmology
• Entanglement Entropy of Cosmological Perturbations
• Semi-Abelian gauge theories, non-invertible symmetries, and string tensions beyond $N$-ality
• QED positivity bounds
• Oscillations in the inflaton potential?
• Dark Energy, Inflation and Extra Dimensions
• First results from the new PVLAS apparatus: a new limit on vacuum magnetic birefringence
• Non-invertible Symmetries and Higher Representation Theory I
• Non-Invertible Defects in 5d, Boundaries and Holography
• Constraining Neutrino Masses, the Cosmological Constant and BSM Physics from the Weak Gravity Conjecture
• Continuous Global Symmetries and Hyperweak Interactions in String Compactifications
• Hidden Negative Energies in Strongly Accelerated Universes
• The null energy condition and instability
• Primordial perturbations from inflation with a hyperbolic field-space
• Decomposition, condensation defects, and fusion
• Generalized Symmetry Breaking Scales and Weak Gravity Conjectures
• Galactic 511 keV line from MeV millicharged dark matter
• Instanton Corrections and Emergent Strings
• Natural and Multi-Natural Inflation in Axion Landscape
• Recent developments in warm inflation
• Swampland Conjectures and Late-Time Cosmology
• Bell violation in the Sky
• Causality in Curved Spacetimes: The Speed of Light & Gravity
• Speedy sound and cosmic structure
• The Challenge of Realizing F-term Axion Monodromy Inflation in String Theory
• FRB 121102 Casts New Light on the Photon Mass
• Natural Chaotic Inflation and UV Sensitivity
• Higgs-otic Inflation and String Theory
• The Origin of Parity Violation in Polarized Dust Emission and Implications for Cosmic Birefringence
• O-plane Backreaction and Scale Separation in Type IIA Flux Vacua
• The Emergence Proposal in Quantum Gravity and the Species Scale
• IR/UV Mixing, Towers of Species and Swampland Conjectures
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• The Inflaton as a MSSM Higgs and Open String Modulus Monodromy Inflation
• Continuous Generalized Symmetries in Three Dimensions
• Hierarchical Axion Inflation
• dS Vacua and the Swampland
• Dark-Matter Decays and Self-Gravitating Halos
• Can Gravitational Instantons Really Constrain Axion Inflation?
• Strong constraints on primordial black hole dark matter from 16 years of INTEGRAL/SPI observations
• Towards Axionic Starobinsky-like Inflation in String Theory
• Constraining power of asymptotic safety for scalar fields
• On anomalies and gauging of U(1) non-invertible symmetries in 4d QED
• The Early Dark Sector, the Hubble Tension, and the Swampland
• Tackling the SDC in AdS with CFTs
• Universal Upper Bound on the Inflationary Energy Scale from the Trans-Planckian Censorship Conjecture
• Trans-Planckian censorship, inflation and excited initial states for perturbations
• Dimensional Reduction and (Anti) de Sitter Bounds
• A note on Gauge Theories Coupled to Gravity
• Weak Gravity Conjecture, Multiple Point Principle and the Standard Model Landscape
• Quantum modes in DBI inflation: exact solutions and constraints from vacuum selection
• Warm brane inflation with an exponential potential: A consistent realization away from the swampland
• Non-Invertible Symmetries from Discrete Gauging and Completeness of the Spectrum
• The rapid-turn inflationary attractor
• 8d Supergravity, Reconstruction of Internal Geometry and the Swampland
• Mixed Anomalies, Two-groups, Non-Invertible Symmetries, and 3d Superconformal Indices
• Four Dimensional $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM and the Swampland
• Dark energy beyond quintessence: Constraints from the swampland
• Minimal decoherence from inflation
• The Convex Hull Swampland Distance Conjecture and Bounds on Non-geodesics
• Stable non-supersymmetric Anti-de Sitter vacua of massive IIA supergravity
• Swampland, Axions and Minimal Warm Inflation
• Chaplygin inspired Inflation
• Finiteness and the Swampland
• On Cosmological Constants from alpha'-Corrections
• Signatures of global symmetry violation in relative entropies and replica wormholes
• Supersmoothing through Slow Contraction
• F-theory flux vacua at large complex structure
• Open problems on classical de Sitter solutions
• On the Null Energy Condition and Cosmology
• Can a galaxy redshift survey measure dark energy clustering?
• Towards large r from [p,q]-inflation
• Possible theoretical limits on holographic quintessence from weak gravity conjecture
• Chaos and complementarity in de Sitter space
• Search for a Variation of the Fine Structure around the Supermassive Black Hole in Our Galactic Center
• Trans-Planckian Censorship, Inflation and Dark Matter
• The Lyth Bound of Inflation with a Tilt
• Compactness of Brane Moduli and the String Lamppost Principle in $d>6$
• Holography and the KKLT Scenario
• Trans-Planckian censorship and other swampland bothers addressed in warm inflation
• Projectable Horava-Lifshitz gravity in a nutshell
• Quantum Anomalies in String-Inspired Running Vacuum Universe: Inflation and Axion Dark Matter
• Subaru Telescope limits on cosmological variations in the fine-structure constant
• Moduli-dependent Species Scale
• Near-Extreme Black Holes and the Universal Relaxation Bound
• Runaway potentials in warm inflation satisfying the swampland conjectures
• A Model Independent Ultraviolet Cutoff for Theories with Charged Massive Higher Spin Fields
• Axion Monodromy Inflation on Warped Throats
• Gravitino thermal production revisited
• Quantum Log-Corrections to Swampland Conjectures
• Big Bang Models in String Theory
• A Gravitino Distance Conjecture
• O$(d,d)$ covariant String Cosmology to all orders in ${\alpha }^{\prime }$
• de Sitter in non-supersymmetric string theories: no-go theorems and brane-worlds
• On the Swampland Cobordism Conjecture and Non-Abelian Duality Groups
• Hyperinflation generalised: from its attractor mechanism to its tension with the `swampland conjectures'
• Discrete Symmetries, Weak Coupling Conjecture and Scale Separation in AdS Vacua
• Axion Landscape and Natural Inflation
• Aspects of the Dark Dimension in Cosmology
• Is the NANOGrav signal a hint of dS decay during inflation?
• EFT strings and emergence
• Reconstruction of quintessence field for the THDE with swampland correspondence in $f(R,T)$ gravity
• Heterotic de Sitter Beyond Modular Symmetry
• Quintessence and the Swampland: The parametrically controlled regime of moduli space
• The LVS Parametric Tadpole Constraint
• Out of the Swampland with Multifield Quintessence?
• Catastrophic Production of Slow Gravitinos
• Implications of the Weak Gravity Conjecture for Tidal Love Numbers of Black Holes
• Swampland Constraints on 5d $\mathcal{N}=1$ Supergravity
• Relaxing the Cosmological Constant: a Proof of Concept
• Duality and Axionic Weak Gravity
• On de Sitter String Vacua from Anti-D3-Branes in the Large Volume Scenario
• Entropy, Entanglement and Swampland Bounds in DS/dS
• Weak Gravity Conjecture from Conformal Field Theory: A Challenge from Hyperscaling Violating and Kerr-Newman-AdS Black Holes
• Solitonic symmetry beyond homotopy: Invertibility from bordism and noninvertibility from topological quantum field theory
• WGC and WCCC of black holes with quintessence and cloud strings in RPS space
• The trans-Planckian censorship conjecture from the swampland distance conjecture
• Higgs Inflation and the Refined dS Conjecture
• Combining Universal and Odd RR Axions for Aligned Natural Inflation
• On AdS${}_7$ stability
• Gauging Noninvertible Defects: A 2-Categorical Perspective
• Dynamical Tadpoles, Stringy Cobordism, and the SM from Spontaneous Compactification
• Moduli Stabilization in Asymptotic Flux Compactifications
• Constraints on the spectral index for the inflation models in string landscape
• Weak Gravity Bounds in Asymptotic String Compactifications
• P not PQ
• Asymptotic Accelerated Expansion in String Theory and the Swampland
• A new era of fine structure constant measurements at high redshift
• Weak Gravity Conjecture, Black Branes and Violations of Universal Thermodynamic Relation
• New accelerating solutions in late-time cosmology
• Large Field Inflation from Axion Mixing
• Effective photon mass and (dark) photon conversion in the inhomogeneous Universe
• A geometric solution to the coincidence problem, and the size of the landscape as the origin of hierarchy
• Dynamical Cobordism Conjecture: Solutions for End-of-the-World Branes
• Warm dark energy
• Asymptotic Scalar Field Cosmology in String Theory
• Early and late time cosmology: the $f(R)$ gravity perspective
• On the extremality bound of stringy black holes
• Gaugino Condensation and the Cosmological Constant
• Asymptotic Safety: Swampland or Wonderland?
• Dark Energy, the Swampland and the Equivalence Principle
• Catch-Me-If-You-Can: The Overshoot Problem and the Weak/Inflation Hierarchy
• The 511 keV Excess and Primordial Black Holes
• Axi-Higgs Cosmology
• Minimal Black Holes and Species Thermodynamics
• Updated Constraints on Primordial Black Hole Evaporation
• On Higher-Spin Points and Infinite Distances in Conformal Manifolds
• Quintessence and the Swampland: The numerically controlled regime of moduli space
• Gravitino Problem in Minimal Supergravity Inflation
• Dark radiation constraints on portal interactions with hidden sectors
• Emergence of Species Scale Black Hole Horizons
• On scale separation in type II AdS flux vacua
• Towards a Swampland Global Symmetry Conjecture using Weak Gravity
• Weak gravity conjecture in the asymptotical dS and AdS background
• Infinite Black Hole Entropies at Infinite Distances and Tower of States
• Multi-field dark energy: cosmic acceleration on a steep potential
• Shedding black hole light on the emergent string conjecture
• Derivation of the Null Energy Condition
• Pleasant behavior of swampland conjectures in the face of specific inflationary models
• String Tension between de Sitter vacua and Curvature Corrections
• CMB from a Gauss-Bonnet-induced de Sitter fixed point
• Special Geometry and the Swampland
• Is the Standard Model in the Swampland? Consistency Requirements from Gravitational Scattering
• Trans-Planckian Censorship Conjecture and Non-thermal post-inflationary history
• Taming the Landscape of Effective Theories
• No H_0 Assistance from Assisted Quintessence
• Initial conditions for plateau inflation: a case study
• IIB Explored: Reflection 7-Branes
• Dynamical Cobordism and the Beginning of Time: Supercritical Strings and Tachyon Condensation
• Brane Constant-roll Inflation
• The Dark Dimension in a Warped Throat
• Anti-de Sitter $\to$ de Sitter transition driven by Casimir forces and mitigating tensions in cosmological parameters
• D-brane Potentials in the Warped Resolved Conifold and Natural Inflation
• Gaugino Condensation and Geometry of the Perfect Square
• ${\alpha }^{\prime }$-Cosmology: solutions and stability analysis
• Cosmic birefringence tomography and calibration-independence with reionization signals in the CMB
• Physics of Infinite Complex Structure Limits in eight Dimensions
• Cosmological consequences of a principle of finite amplitudes
• Reheating in small-field inflation on the brane: The Swampland Criteria and observational constraints in light of the PLANCK 2018 results
• Cosmological implications of an interacting model of dark matter \& dark energy
• Strengthening the TCC Bound on Inflationary Cosmology
• From infinite to infinitesimal: Using the Universe as a dataset to probe Casimir corrections to the vacuum energy from fields inhabiting the dark dimension
• Nothing really matters
• Swampland, Gradient Flow and Infinite Distance
• Brane inflation driven by noncanonical scalar field
• Inflationary Dynamics and Swampland Criteria for Modified Gauss-Bonnet Gravity Compatible with GW170817
• (Quasi-) de Sitter solutions across dimensions and the TCC bound
• On TCS $G_2$ manifolds and 4D Emergent Strings
• A String Theory Which Isn't About Strings
• Slow and Safe Gravitinos
• Early Dark Energy in Type IIB String Theory
• Mutual Influence of Photon Sphere and Non-Commutative Parameter in Various Non-Commutative Black Holes: Part I- Towards evidence for WGC
• Tachyonic Kaluza-Klein modes and the AdS swampland conjecture
• Duality and Supersymmetry Constraints on the Weak Gravity Conjecture
• A bound on the effective gravitational coupling from semiclassical black holes
• Power Law Plateau Inflation Potential In The RS $II$ Braneworld Evading Swampland Conjecture
• de Sitter Space as a Glauber-Sudarshan State: II
• New non-perturbative de Sitter vacua in ${\alpha }^{\prime }$-complete cosmology
• Membrane Limits in Quantum Gravity
• The Asymptotic Weak Gravity Conjecture in M-theory
• Universal accelerating cosmologies from 10d supergravity
• Trans-Planckian censorship and single-field inflaton potential
• Quantum Corrections in Quintessence Models
• Topological Constraints in the LARGE-Volume Scenario
• Strong Cosmic Censorship in light of Weak Gravity Conjecture for Charged Black Holes
• A proof of the weak gravity conjecture
• Warm Tachyon Inflation and Swampland Criteria
• Reissner-Nordström black holes surrounded by perfect fluid dark matter: testing the viability of weak gravity conjecture and weak cosmic censorship conjecture simultaneously
• Swampland Conjecture and Inflation Model from Brane Perspective
• Large Field Ranges from Aligned and Misaligned Winding
• de Sitter Space as a Glauber-Sudarshan State
• Revisiting the Scalar Weak Gravity Conjecture
• A universal formula for the density of states in theories with finite-group symmetry
• A New Spin on the Weak Gravity Conjecture
• Dark Energy, Extra Dimensions, and the Swampland
• String Defects, Supersymmetry and the Swampland
• Weak Gravity Conjecture Validation with Photon Spheres of Quantum Corrected AdS-Reissner-Nordstrom Black Holes in Kiselev Spacetime
• Four-dimensional de Sitter space is a Glauber-Sudarshan state in string theory
• Dark bubbles: decorating the wall
• Weak gravity versus de Sitter
• Weak Cosmic Censorship and Weak Gravity Conjectures in CFT Thermodynamics
• The Lamb shift contribution of very light millicharged particles
• Evolution of Universes in Causal Set Cosmology
• Pure Supersymmetric AdS and the Swampland
• Non-Singular Bounces Catalysed by Dark Energy
• A bound on the 12C/13C ratio in near-pristine gas with ESPRESSO
• Tameness, Strings, and the Distance Conjecture
• Fuzzy Dark Matter and the Dark Dimension
• WGC and WCC for charged black holes with quintessence and cloud of strings
• Tadpole Resummations in String Theory
• Brane-Jet Instabilities
• Bell inequalities in 2-2 scattering
• Swampland dS conjecture in Mimetic $f(R,T)$ gravity
• Moduli Stabilisation and the Holographic Swampland
• Relaxing the TCC Bound on Inflationary Cosmology?
• More on the Weak Gravity Conjecture via Convexity of Charged Operators
• de Sitter Swampland Conjecture in String Field Inflation
• Oxidised cosmic acceleration
• Finite Action Principle Revisited
• Species scale, worldsheet CFTs and emergent geometry
• A NUT Charge Weak Gravity Conjecture from Dimensional Reduction
• A Conjecture on the Minimal Size of Bound States
• Fluxes, Vacua, and Tadpoles meet Landau-Ginzburg and Fermat
• Non-Invertible Symmetries in Supergravity
• AdS scale separation and the distance conjecture
• Tachyonic de Sitter solutions of 10d type II supergravities
• Higgs inflation and its extensions and the further refining dS swampland conjecture
• Brane-jet stability of non-supersymmetric AdS vacua
• Fermions and the Swampland
• Pair Production and Gravity as the Weakest Force
• The dark dimension, the Swampland, and the origin of cosmic rays beyond the GZK barrier
• Large extra dimensions from higher-dimensional inflation
• Quantum Gravity Bounds on N=1 Effective Theories in Four Dimensions
• Inflation, Higher Spins and the Swampland
• Black holes as the source of dark energy: a stringent test with high-redshift JWST AGNs
• Small Black Hole Explosions
• Trans-Planckian Censorship and Inflation in Grand Unified Theories
• Cosmic evolution of the logarithmic f(R) model and the dS swampland conjecture
• Modelling Inflation with a Power-law Approach to the Inflationary Plateau
• A dS obstruction and its phenomenological consequences
• The Stochastic Axiverse
• Swampland, Trans-Planckian Censorship and Fine-Tuning Problem for Inflation: Tunnelling Wavefunction to the Rescue
• Some Low Dimensional Evidence for the Weak Gravity Conjecture
• On chromonatural inflation in string theory
• Dimensional Reduction of Cobordism and K-theory
• Looking for structure in the cobordism conjecture
• On Asymptotic Dark Energy in String Theory
• Are tiny gauge couplings out of the Swampland?
• Further refining Swampland Conjecture on inflation in general scalar-tensor theories of gravity
• f(R) and Brans-Dicke Theories and the Swampland
• Brane inflation and Trans-Planckian censorship conjecture
• Moduli-dependent KK towers and the swampland distance conjecture on the quintic Calabi-Yau manifold
• Reheating Constraints on Inflaton, Dark Matter: Swampland Conjecture
• The entropic quasi-de Sitter instability time from the distance conjecture
• Cosmological Trans-Planckian Conjectures are not Effective
• Obstacles to Constructing de Sitter Space in String Theory
• Negative scalar potentials and the swampland: an Anti-Trans-Planckian Censorship Conjecture
• Black Holes with Quantum Massive Spin-2 Hair
• Black Holes, Moduli, and Long-Range Forces
• Moduli Space Reconstruction and Weak Gravity
• Natural Inflation and Low Energy Supersymmetry
• A stringy realization of a small and positive cosmological constant in dark bubble cosmology
• A swamp of non-SUSY vacua
• Non-Supersymmetric AdS from String Theory
• Role of trans-Planckian modes in cosmology
• Mass bound for primordial black hole from trans-Planckian censorship conjecture
• Machine Learning and cosmographic reconstructions of quintessence and the Swampland conjectures
• Minimal Supergravity Inflation without Slow Gravitino
• Crisis on Infinite Earths: Short-lived de Sitter Vacua in the String Theory Landscape
• A refined trans-Planckian censorship conjecture
• Dynamics of false vacuum bubbles in Brans-Dicke theory
• Moduli stabilization in type IIB orientifolds at $h^{2,1}=50$
• Non-Standard Cosmological Models and the trans-Planckian Censorship Conjecture
• Emergent dark energy from unparticles
• Weak Gravity Conjecture in de Sitter space-time
• A Quantum-Mechanical Mechanism for Reducing the Cosmological Constant
• The Penrose Inequality as a Constraint on the Low Energy Limit of Quantum Gravity
• Effective Theories as Truncated Trans-Series and Scale Separated Compactifications
• Corrections to Extremal Black Holes from Iyer-Wald Formalism
• Higher derivative corrections to black brane thermodynamics and the weak gravity conjecture
• Fermionic Higher-form Symmetries
• Swampland Conjectures and Infinite Flop Chains
• Null Energy Condition and Dark Energy Models
• Reconstructing Quintessence
• Constraining the interacting dark energy models from weak gravity conjecture and recent observations
• On the Trans-Planckian Censorship Conjecture and the Generalized Non-Minimal Coupling
• Is Trans-Planckian Censorship a Swampland Conjecture?
• Spinor driven cosmic bounces and their cosmological perturbations
• Predictivity lost, predictivity regained: a Miltonian cosmic censorship conjecture
• Topological Eternal Hilltop Inflation and the Swampland Criteria
• To curve, or not to curve: Is curvature-assisted quintessence observationally viable?
• CMB Mode Coupling with Isotropic Polarization Rotation
• Bubble of nothing decays of unstable theories
• Primordial black holes generated by fast-roll mechanism in non-canonical natural inflation
• Distance Conjecture and De-Sitter Quantum Gravity
• Massive Dirac particles on the background of charged de-Sitter black hole manifolds
• The Entropy Shift and Extremality Shift at Zero Temperature
• Non-minimal Elliptic Threefolds at Infinite Distance I: Log Calabi-Yau Resolutions
• The Swampland Conjectures and Slow-Roll Thawing Quintessence
• Natural Inflation from Near Alignment in Heterotic String Theory
• Sharpening the Boundaries Between Flux Landscape and Swampland by Tadpole Charge
• From Rotating to Charged Black Holes and Back Again
• Explanatory Depth in Primordial Cosmology: A Comparative Study of Inflationary and Bouncing Paradigms
• Closed Strings and Weak Gravity from Higher-Spin Causality
• Winding Uplifts and the Challenges of Weak and Strong SUSY Breaking in AdS
• Quantum gravity constraints on scale separation and de Sitter in five dimensions
• Moduli spaces of Calabi-Yau $d$-folds as gravitational-chiral instantons
• Trans-Planckian Censorship and $k$-inflation
• The Black Hole Entropy Distance Conjecture and Black Hole Evaporation
• Reconstructing k-essence: Unifying the attractor $n_S(N)$ and the swampland criteria
• Eternal Chaotic Inflation is Prohibited by Weak Gravity Conjecture
• Moduli stabilization with non-geometric fluxes -- comments on tadpole contributions and de-Sitter vacua
• The Inflated Chern-Simons Number in Spectator Chromo-Natural Inflation
• Primordial Black Holes Are True Vacuum Nurseries
• On Measuring Distances in the Quantum Gravity Landscape
• Comment on "Observational Evidence for Cosmological Coupling of Black Holes and its Implications for an Astrophysical Source of Dark Energy"
• Can gravitational vacuum condensate stars be a dark energy source?
• Eternal Inflation in Swampy Landscapes
• Geometry of orientifold vacua and supersymmetry breaking
• A numerical study of observational systematic errors in lensing analysis of CMB polarization
• Lifetime of Stringy de Sitter Vacua
• Self-Binding Energies in AdS
• Does the Cosmological Constant really indicate the existence of a Dark Dimension?
• Dynamic Field Theory and Equations of Motion in Cosmology
• Further Refining Swampland dS Conjecture in Mimetic f(G) Gravity
• Weak Gravity Conjecture for the Effective Field Theories with N Species
• The Swampland and Screened Modified Gravity
• Swampland Bounds on Dark Sectors
• Model Independent Analysis of Supernova Data, Dark Energy, Trans-Planckian Censorship and the Swampland
• Gravitational Instabilities and Censorship of Large Scalar Field Excursions
• Composite Inflation and further refining dS swampland conjecture
• On the TransPlanckian Censorship Conjecture in Holographic Cosmology
• Does the fraction of dark matter diminish with early dark energy?
• de Sitter Bubbles and the Swampland
• Black Holes as Probes of Moduli Space Geometry
• de Sitter Conjectures in N=1 Supergravity
• Classical de Sitter solutions in three dimensions without tachyons?
• Spinodal Instabilities and Super-Planckian Excursions in Natural Inflation
• Bubble needs strings
• Anomalies as Obstructions: from Dimensional Lifts to Swampland
• Negative Corrections to Black Hole Entropy from String Theory
• Modular Curves and the Refined Distance Conjecture
• Neutrino charge constraints from scattering to the weak gravity conjecture to neutron stars
• Higgs inflation and scalar weak gravity conjecture
• The inheritance of energy conditions: Revisiting no-go theorems in string compactifications
• The non-SUSY $Ad{S}_6$ and $Ad{S}_7$ fixed points are brane-jet unstable
• Holographic Consistency and the Sign of the Gauss-Bonnet Parameter
• Resurgence of a de Sitter Glauber-Sudarshan State: Nodal Diagrams and Borel Resummation
• Inflection-Point Inflation with Axion Dark Matter in light of Trans-Planckian Censorship Conjecture
• Creating Spatial Flatness by Combining String Gas Cosmology and Power Law Inflation
• Limits from Weak Gravity Conjecture on Dark Energy Models
• Schwinger effect and false vacuum decay as quantum-mechanical tunneling of a relativistic particle
• Weak cosmic censorship with self-interacting scalar and bound on charge to mass ratio
• 134 Billion Intersecting Brane Models
• Black Hole Extremality in Nonlinear Electrodynamics: A Lesson for Weak Gravity and Festina Lente Bounds
• Probing the Dark Dimension with Auger data
• Proving the Weak Gravity Conjecture in Perturbative String Theory, Part I: The Bosonic String
• Weak $G_2$-manifolds and scale separation in M-theory from type IIA backgrounds
• String-Inspired Running Vacuum, the "Vacuumon", and the Swampland Criteria
• Swampland Criteria and Constraints on Inflation in a $f(R,T)$ Gravity Theory
• Swampland geometry and the gauge couplings
• Massive AdS Supergravitons and Holography
• New instabilities for non-supersymmetric AdS${}_4$ orientifold vacua
• A small Universe
• Confinement in de Sitter Space and the Swampland
• Weak Gravity Conjecture with Large Extra Dimensions
• Contracting Cosmologies and the Swampland
• A model of dark matter dark energy interaction with some cosmic consequences
• Astrophysical Plasma Instabilities induced by Long-Range Interacting Dark Matter
• Through the Looking Glass into the Dark Dimension: Searching for Bulk Black Hole Dark Matter with Microlensing of X-ray Pulsars
• Characters, quasinormal modes, and Schwinger pairs in $d{S}_2$ with flux
• (In)stability of de Sitter vacuum in light of distance conjecture and emergence proposal
• de Sitter decay through goldstino evaporation
• Model-Independent Perspectives on Coupled Dark Energy and the Swampland
• Stability, dark energy parameterization and swampland aspect of Bianchi Type-$V{I}_h$ cosmological models with f(R, T)-gravity
• Pole Dark Energy
• Bulk Black Hole Dark Matter
• How a four-dimensional de Sitter solution remains outside the swampland
• Fully stabilized Minkowski vacua in the $2^6$ Landau-Ginzburg model
• Primordial Black Holes Dark Matter and Secondary Gravitational Waves from Warm Higgs-G Inflation
• Analytic Periods via Twisted Symmetric Squares
• Stabilizing massless fields with fluxes in Landau-Ginzburg models
• Gravity-Induced Photon Interactions and Infrared Consistency in any Dimensions
• Finiteness of 3D higher spin gravity Landscape
• Supercritical String Cosmology drains the Swampland
• Non-canonical kinetic structures in the swampland
• Dark Dimension and the Effective Field Theory limit
• Probing the Weak Gravity Conjecture in the Cosmic Microwave Background
• Oh, wait, O8 de Sitter may be unstable!
• (Super)Universal Attractors and the de Sitter Vacua in String Landscape
• On the correspondence between black holes, domain walls and fluxes
• Seeking de-Sitter Vacua in the String Landscape
• Tadpole conjecture in non-geometric backgrounds
• A non-local way around the no-global-symmetries conjecture in quantum gravity?
• String Gases and the Swampland
• Swampland de Sitter Conjectures in No-Scale Supergravity Models
• Black Holes and the Swampland: the Deep Throat revelations
• The Swampland at Large Number of Space-Time Dimensions
• Constraints on Dark Energy Models from Weak Gravity Conjecture
• The Power Spectrum of Density Perturbations in Chain Inflation
• Swampland Constraints on No-Boundary Quantum Cosmology
• S-dual Inflation and the String Swampland
• Consistency of Cubic Galileon Cosmology: Model-Independent Bounds from Background Expansion and Perturbative Analyses
• Cosmology as a weak gravitational field and the trans-Planckian problem
• TCC bounds on the static patch of de Sitter space
• Eternal inflation in light of Wheeler-DeWitt equation
• Constraints on cosmological parameters in light of the scalar-tensor theory of gravity and swampland conjectures
• Nonassociative Ricci flows, star product and R-flux deformed black holes, and swampland conjectures
• Newton versus Coulomb for Kaluza-Klein modes
• Lorentz violating inflation and the Swampland
• Generic 3-point Statistics with Tensor Modes in Light of Swampland and TCC
• Swampland Conjectures for an Almost Topological Gravity Theory
• Purely non-perturbative AdS vacua and the swampland
• Affine Algebras at Infinite Distance Limits in the Heterotic String
• Infinite distances in multicritical CFTs and higher-spin holography
• Implication of the swampland distance conjecture on the Cohen-Kaplan-Nelson bound in de Sitter space
• Generalizing weak gravity conjecture
• Mass And Force Relations For Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton Black Holes
• Notes on the Quantum Corrections of Swampland and Trans-Planckian Censorship Conjecture
• Swampland conjectures and single field inflation in non-standard cosmological scenarios
• An Introduction to the Weak Gravity Conjecture
• Schwinger effect in compact space: a real time calculation
• Axion species scale and axion weak gravity conjecture-like bound
• Cross-correlation Power Spectra and Cosmic Birefringence of the CMB via Photon-neutrino Interaction
• Interplay between Swampland and Bayesian Machine Learning in constraining cosmological models
• Instanton Resummation and the Weak Gravity Conjecture
• A Note on the Swampland Distance Conjecture
• dS Spaces and Brane Worlds in Exotic String Theories
• The de Sitter swampland conjectures in the context of Chaplygin-inspired inflation
• Holographic (Eternal) Inflation
• Trans-Planckian Philosophy of Cosmology
• Axion Monodromy Inflation, Trapping Mechanisms and the Swampland
• Signatures of Bulk Neutrinos in the Early Universe
• Breathing Comoving Hubble: Initial Condition and Eternity in view of the trans-Planckian Censorship Conjecture
• Matching the Vilkovisky-DeWitt Effective Action of Quantum Gravity to String Theory
• Uplift and towers of states in warped throat
• Multi-scalar theories of gravity with direct matter couplings and their parametrized post-Newtonian parameters
• Generalizing the Swampland: Embedding $P(X,\phi )$ Inflationary Theories in a Curved Multi-field Space
• Trans-Planckian censorship constraints on properties and cosmological applications of axion-like fields
• Implications of quantum gravity for dark matter in the brane-world scenario
• Palatini Higgs inflation and the refined dS conjecture
• Theories of gravity with nonminimal matter-curvature coupling and the de Sitter swampland conjectures
• Everything You Always Wanted to Know About How Causal Set Theory Can Help with Open Questions in Cosmology, but Were Afraid to Ask
• 4D dS vacua from AdS vacua of type IIB string theory and AdS distance conjecture
• The Trans-Planckian problem in Tachyacoustic Cosmology
• Metastable vacua from torsion and machine learning
• Charged Nariai black holes on the dark bubble
• Flavor structure from `canonical' Yukawa interactions and `emergent' kinetic terms
• Exploration of a Singular Fluid Spacetime
• Large $r$ against Trans-Planckian Censorship in Scalar-Tensor Theory?
• Decay channels for double extremal black holes in four dimensions
• The correlation of WGC and Hydrodynamics bound with $R^4$ correction in the charged AdS${}_{d+2}$ black brane
• de Sitter State in Heterotic String Theory
• Scalar field inflation driven by a modification of the Heisenberg algebra
• Flux vacua in type IIB compactifications on orbifolds: their finiteness and minimal string coupling
• Fermion Masses and Mixings in String Theory with Dirac Neutrinos
• Two-Field Quintessential Higgs model and the Swampland
• Higher spin swampland conjecture for massive AdS${}_3$ gravity
• Escape from the swamp with spectator
• Landscape versus Swampland for Higher Derivative Gravity
• Inflationary constraints on the moduli-dependent species scale in modular invariant theories
• Starobinsky inflation and Swampland conjectures
• An effective three-dimensional de Sitter cosmology in string theory
• Attractors are not algebraic
• The Trans-Planckian Censorship Conjecture in different frameworks of viable inflation
• De Sitter space constraints on brane tensions and couplings
• A new scale in the sky
• Analysis and spectral theory of neck-stretching problems
• The Effective Potential Originating from Swampland and the Non-trivial Brans-Dicke Coupling
• Constant-roll inflation with tachyon field in the holographic braneworld
• The string theory swampland in the Euclid, SKA and Vera Rubin observatory era
• Stabilization of a twisted modulus on a mirror of rigid Calabi-Yau manifold
• Measures of distance in quantum mechanics
• Type IIA/M-theory Moduli fixing in a Class of Orientifold Models
• Morse-Bott inequalities, Topology Change and Cobordisms to Nothing
• Stability of Extremal Black Holes and Weak Cosmic Censorship Conjecture in Kiselev Spacetime
• Global symmetry violation from non-isometric codes
• Non-perpetual Eternal Inflation and the Emergent de Sitter Swampland Conjecture
• Spinor-Vector Duality and Mirror Symmetry
• ISCOs and the weak gravity conjecture bound in higher derivative theories of gravity
• Hořava-Lifshitz $F(\bar{R})$ theories and the Swampland

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• Constraining Spatial Curvature with Priors from Swampland Conjectures
• Time Dependent String Compactification: Towards Bouncing Cosmology
• Background-level reconstruction of scalar-field potentials from dark-energy histories and comparison with analytic potential families