Scientific Objectives of the Hot Universe Baryon Surveyor (HUBS) Mission

Abstract

The Hot Universe Baryon Surveyor (HUBS) is a proposed space-based X-ray telescope for detecting X-ray emissions from the hot gas content in our universe. With its unprecedented spatially-resolved high-resolution spectroscopy and large field of view, the HUBS mission will be uniquely qualified to measure the physical and chemical properties of the hot gas in the interstellar medium, the circumgalactic medium, the intergalactic medium, and the intracluster medium. These measurements will be valuable for two key scientific goals of HUBS, namely to unravel the AGN and stellar feedback physics that governs the formation and evolution of galaxies, and to probe the baryon budget and multi-phase states from galactic to cosmological scales. In addition to these two goals, the HUBS mission will also help us solve some problems in the fields of galaxy clusters, AGNs, diffuse X-ray backgrounds, supernova remnants, and compact objects. This paper discusses the perspective of advancing these fields using the HUBS telescope.

52 pages, 22 figures. Accepted for publication in Science China: Physics, Mechanics and Astronomy

References in corpus (136)

• Shapiro delay measurement of a two solar mass neutron star
• Dark Energy and the Accelerating Universe
• Neutron Star Observations: Prognosis for Equation of State Constraints
• The Circumgalactic Medium
• Giant Gamma-ray Bubbles from Fermi-LAT: AGN Activity or Bipolar Galactic Wind?
• The eROSITA X-ray telescope on SRG
• The COS-Halos Survey: Physical Conditions and Baryonic Mass in the Low-Redshift Circumgalactic Medium
• The Chandra Deep Field-South Survey: 7 Ms Source Catalogs
• The Quiescent Intracluster Medium in the Core of the Perseus Cluster
• A Global Three Dimensional Radiation Magneto-hydrodynamic Simulation of Super-Eddington Accretion Disks
• Wind from the black-hole accretion disk driving a molecular outflow in an active galaxy
• CHIANTI -- an atomic database for emission lines -- Paper XVI: Version 10, further extensions
• Stellar and total baryon mass fractions in groups and clusters since redshift 1
• Weighing the Giants IV: Cosmology and Neutrino Mass
• The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A Catalog of > 4000 Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Galaxy Clusters
• The Magnificent Seven: Magnetic fields and surface temperature distributions
• The COS-Halos Survey: Metallicities in the Low-Redshift Circumgalactic Medium
• Black hole feedback in the luminous quasar PDS 456
• X-Ray Spectroscopy of Stars
• Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): the G02 field, Herschel-ATLAS target selection and Data Release 3
• Draping of Cluster Magnetic Fields over Bullets and Bubbles -- Morphology and Dynamic Effects
• A fast and long-lived outflow from the supermassive black hole in NGC 5548
• Cosmology and Astrophysics from Relaxed Galaxy Clusters II: Cosmological Constraints
• Detection of large-scale X-ray bubbles in the Milky Way halo
• Magnetized Gas Clouds can Survive Acceleration by a Hot Wind
• Star formation near the Sun is driven by expansion of the Local Bubble
• The long bar as seen by the VVV survey: I. Colour-magnitude diagrams
• Generalized investigation of the rotation-activity relation: Favouring rotation period instead of Rossby number
• The Accretion Disk Wind in the Black Hole GRO J1655-40
• Ionized outflows from active galactic nuclei as the essential elements of feedback
• STARFORGE: Toward a comprehensive numerical model of star cluster formation and feedback
• Iron line and diffuse hard X-ray emission from the starburst galaxy M82
• Ultra-fast outflows in radio-loud active galactic nuclei
• A Deep Chandra Observation of Kepler's Supernova Remnant: A Type Ia Event with Circumstellar Interaction
• Halo Gas Cross Sections And Covering Fractions of MgII Absorption Selected Galaxies
• The response of relativistic outflowing gas to the inner accretion disk of a black hole
• The Galactic Centre Chimney
• The eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS): Catalog of galaxy clusters and groups
• Orbits of Massive Satellite Galaxies: I. A Close Look at the Large Magellanic Cloud and a New Orbital History for M33
• A Detailed Study of Feedback from a Massive Star
• Quasars Probing Quasars VII. The Pinnacle of the Cool Circumgalactic Medium Surrounds Massive z~2 Galaxies
• Evidence for a Massive, Extended Circumgalactic Medium Around the Andromeda Galaxy
• Anisotropic Thermal Conduction and the Cooling Flow Problem in Galaxy Clusters
• Spectral Analysis of the Chandra Comet Survey
• Efficiently Cooled Stellar Wind Bubbles in Turbulent Clouds I. Fractal Theory and Application to Star-Forming Clouds
• Charge-Transfer induced EUV and Soft X-ray emissions in the Heliosphere
• Hot Atmospheres, Cold Gas, AGN Feedback and the Evolution of Early Type Galaxies: a Topical Perspective
• The Enrichment History of Baryons in the Universe
• A likely decade-long sustained tidal disruption event
• The effect of magnetic fields on properties of the circumgalactic medium
• Efficient early stellar feedback can suppress galactic outflows by reducing supernova clustering
• Recent Progress on Anomalous X-ray Pulsars
• Lyman-alpha Forest Tomography from Background Galaxies: The First Megaparsec-Resolution Large-Scale Structure Map at z>2
• Ultrafast Outflow in Tidal Disruption Event ASASSN-14li
• Chasing obscuration in type-I AGN: discovery of an eclipsing clumpy wind at the outer broad-line region of NGC 3783
• Evidence for a radiatively driven disc-wind in PDS 456?
• OVII and OVIII line emission in the diffuse soft X-ray background: heliospheric and galactic contributions
• The origin of the 'local' 1/4 keV X-ray flux in both charge exchange and a hot bubble
• The Structure of the Local Hot Bubble
• Project AMIGA: The Circumgalactic Medium of Andromeda
• Temperature and Metallicity Gradients in the Hot Gas Outflows of M82
• Missing Baryons and the Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium
• First detection of stacked X-ray emission from cosmic web filaments
• Hot Gaseous Coronae around Spiral Galaxies: Probing the Illustris Simulation
• Thermal radiation processes
• The Circum-Galactic Medium of MASsive Spirals II: Probing the Nature of Hot Gaseous Halo around the Most Massive Isolated Spiral Galaxies
• Fermi and eRosita bubbles as relics of the past activity of the Galactic black hole
• CHANG-ES XXII: Coherent Magnetic Fields in the Halos of Spiral Galaxies
• Laboratory measurements compellingly support charge-exchange mechanism for the 'dark matter' $\sim$3.5 keV X-ray line
• Timing the warm absorber in NGC 4051
• Cosmological Constraints from Galaxy Clusters and Groups in the eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth Survey
• Cosmological Constraints from Gas Mass Fractions of Massive, Relaxed Galaxy Clusters
• NIHAO XIX: How supernova feedback shapes the galaxy baryon cycle
• Resolving the soft X-ray ultra fast outflow in PDS 456
• Hot Extended Galaxy Halos Around Local L* Galaxies From Sunyaev-Zeldovich Measurements
• The Chandra Deep Fields: Lifting the Veil on Distant Active Galactic Nuclei and X-Ray Emitting Galaxies
• Density diagnostics of ionized outflows in active galactic nuclei: X-ray and UV absorption lines from metastable levels in Be-like to C-like ions
• CHANG-ES XV: Large-scale magnetic field reversals in the radio halo of NGC 4631
• A Catalog of Stellar Unified Properties (CATSUP) for 951 FGK-Stars Within 30 pc
• CHANG-ES XIII: Transport processes and the magnetic fields of NGC 4666 - indication of a reversing disk magnetic field
• High-Resolution X-Ray Spectroscopy of the Galactic Supernova Remnant Puppis A with the XMM-Newton RGS
• Spectral Modeling of the Charge-Exchange X-ray Emission from M82
• Absorption features in the spectra of X-ray bursting neutron stars
• X-ray spectra of the Fe-L complex
• The hot circumgalactic medium of the Milky Way: evidence for super-virial, virial, and sub-virial temperature, non-solar chemical composition, and non-thermal line broadening
• Stacking the Cosmic Web in Fluorescent Lyman alpha Emission with MUSE
• The XMM-Newton/HST view of the obscuring outflow in the Seyfert Galaxy Mrk 335 observed at extremely low X-ray flux
• HaloSat -- A CubeSat to Study the Hot Galactic Halo
• Abundance variations and first ionization potential trends during large stellar flares
• Non-equilibrium ionization in mixed-morphology supernova remnants
• Widespread Detection of Two Components in the Hot Circumgalactic Medium of the Milky Way
• Detection of high velocity outflows in Seyfert 1 galaxy Mrk 590
• The Complex North Transition Region of Centaurus A: A Galactic Wind
• Measurement of n-resolved State-Selective Charge Exchange in Ne(8,9)+ Collision with He and H2
• From large-scale environment to CGM angular momentum to star forming activities -- I: star-forming galaxies
• CHANG-ES XXIII: Influence of a galactic wind in NGC 5775
• What powers the wind from the black hole accretion disc in GRO J1655-40?
• Radiative turbulent mixing layers at high Mach numbers
• Virial shocks are suppressed in cosmic ray-dominated galaxy halos
• X-ray emission from cosmic web filaments in SRG/eROSITA data
• Eclipsing the X-ray emitting region in the active galaxy NGC 6814
• X-ray spectra of the Fe-L complex II: atomic data constraints from EBIT experiment and X-ray grating observations of Capella
• Modeling accretion disk emission with generalized temperature profile and its effect on AGN spectral energy distribution
• The Circum-Galactic Medium of MASsive Spirals I: Overview and a Case Study of NGC 5908
• Clusters of galaxies up to z=1.5 identified from photometric data of the Dark Energy Survey and unWISE
• TPHO: a time-dependent photoionisation model for AGN outflows
• Transient obscuration event captured in NGC~3227 II. Warm absorbers and obscuration events in archival XMM-Newton and NuSTAR observations
• High Forbidden-to-resonance Line Ratio of OVII Discovered in the Cygnus Loop
• Modelling ion populations in astrophysical plasmas: carbon in the solar transition region
• X-ray spectroscopy in the microcalorimeter era I: Effects of Fe XXIV Resonance Auger Destruction on Fe XXV K$\alpha$ spectra
• X-ray spectroscopy in the microcalorimeter era III: line formation under Case A, Case B, Case C, and Case D in H- and He-like iron for a photoionized cloud
• Effects of density on the oxygen ionisation equilibrium in collisional plasmas
• The Post-impact Evolution of the X-ray Emitting Gas in SNR 1987A Viewed by XMM-Newton
• A Chandra X-ray study of the mixed-morphology supernova remnant 3C400.2
• Multi-wavelength observations of the obscuring wind in the radio-quiet quasar MR 2251-178
• Chandra large-scale mapping of the Galactic center: Probing high-energy structures around the central molecular zone
• X-ray spectroscopy of the starburst feedback in 30 Doradus
• X-ray spectroscopy in the microcalorimeter era 4: Optical depth effects on the soft X-rays studied with CLOUDY
• Spatially Resolved X-ray Spectroscopy of Kepler's Supernova Remnant: Distinct Properties of the Circumstellar Medium and the Ejecta
• X-ray spectroscopy in the microcalorimeter era II: A new Diagnostic on Column Density from the Case A to B Transition in H- and He-like Iron
• Plasma Diagnostics of the Supernova Remnant N132D Using Deep XMM-Newton Observations with the Reflection Grating Spectrometer
• X-ray Emission from Charge Exchange in the Cygnus Loop SNR
• Magnetically driven accretion disc winds: the role of gas thermodynamics and comparison to ultra-fast outflows
• An XMM-Newton X-ray View of Supernova Remnant W49B: Revisiting its Recombining Plasmas and Progenitor Type
• An X-ray and SZ bright diffuse source toward M31: a Local Hot Bridge
• Mock HUBS observations of hot gas with IllustrisTNG
• Spectral-timing of AGN ionized outflows with Athena
• A deep, multi-epoch Chandra HETG study of the ionized outflow from NGC 4051
• Charge Exchange X-ray Emission Detected in Multiple Shells of Supernova Remnant G296.1-0.5
• An X-ray View of the Hot Circum-Galactic Medium
• Evidence for Resonance Scattering in the X-ray Grating Spectrum of the Supernova Remnant N49
• High resolution X-ray study of supernova remnant J0453.6$-$6829 with unusually high forbidden-to-resonance ratio
• Elemental Abundances of the Hot Atmosphere of Luminous Infrared Galaxy Arp 299
• A systematic comparison of ionization temperatures between ionizing and recombining plasmas in supernova remnants
• R-matrix electron-impact excitation data for the H- and He-like ions with Z=6-30
• CIELO-RGS: a catalogue of soft X-ray ionized emission lines

Cited by in corpus (5)

• Cosmology with fast radio bursts in the era of SKA
• Robust detection of hot intragroup medium in optically selected, poor galaxy groups by eROSITA
• Introducing the Descriptive Parametric Model: Gaseous Profiles for Galaxies, Groups, and Clusters
• On the baryon budget in the X-ray-emitting circumgalactic medium of Milky Way-mass galaxies
• Inferring the mass of the circumgalactic medium using X-ray resonant scattering