Detection of Early-Universe Gravitational Wave Signatures and Fundamental Physics

Abstract

Detection of a gravitational-wave signal of non-astrophysical origin would be a landmark discovery, potentially providing a significant clue to some of our most basic, big-picture scientific questions about the Universe. In this white paper, we survey the leading early-Universe mechanisms that may produce a detectable signal -- including inflation, phase transitions, topological defects, as well as primordial black holes -- and highlight the connections to fundamental physics. We review the complementarity with collider searches for new physics, and multimessenger probes of the large-scale structure of the Universe.

arXiv commentcontribution to Snowmass 2021; 3 figures, 67 pages

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• Gravitational wave bursts from Primordial Black Hole hyperbolic encounters
• Searching for cosmological gravitational-wave backgrounds with third-generation detectors in the presence of an astrophysical foreground
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• Loop decay in Abelian-Higgs string networks
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• Probing pre-Recombination Physics by the Cross-Correlation of Stochastic Gravitational Waves and CMB Anisotropies
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• On the Collision of Cosmic Superstrings
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• Gravitational Waves, baryon asymmetry of the universe and electric dipole moment in the CP-violating NMSSM
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• Dark Confinement-Deconfinement Phase Transition: A Roadmap from Polyakov Loop Models to Gravitational Waves
• Inflation and Alternatives with Blue Tensor Spectra
• Anisotropies in the Gravitational-Wave Stochastic Background
• Semiclassical Effects and the Onset of Inflation
• Exploring a Dark Sector Through the Higgs Portal at a Lepton Collider
• Searching for anisotropy in the distribution of binary black hole mergers
• Energy budget and the gravitational wave spectra beyond the bag model
• Radiatively-Induced First-Order Phase Transitions: The Necessity of the Renormalization Group
• GW190425, GW190521 and GW190814: Three candidate mergers of primordial black holes from the QCD epoch
• The Importance of Priors on LIGO-Virgo Parameter Estimation: the Case of Primordial Black Holes
• Probing a Scalar Singlet-Catalyzed Electroweak Phase Transition with Resonant Di-Higgs Production in the $4b$ Channel
• The QCD Axion and Gravitational Waves in light of NANOGrav results
• Phase transition gravitational waves from pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone dark matter and two Higgs doublets
• Non-Gaussian Stochastic Gravitational Waves from Phase Transitions
• Probing new light gauge bosons with gravitational-wave interferometers using an adapted semi-coherent method
• Observable gravitational waves in pre-big bang cosmology: an update
• Polarization of gravitational waves from helical MHD turbulent sources
• Electroweak Phase Transition and Gravitational Waves in the Type-II Seesaw Model
• Testing Primordial Black Holes with multi-band observations of the stochastic gravitational wave background
• Exotic Gravitational Wave Signatures from Simultaneous Phase Transitions
• Gravitational Waves from an Inflation Triggered First-Order Phase Transition
• Ultralight Bosonic Field Mass Bounds from Astrophysical Black Hole Spin
• Prospects of gravitational waves in the minimal left-right symmetric model
• Dynamics of F/D networks: the role of bound states
• A New Approach to Electroweak Symmetry Non-Restoration
• QCD axion dark matter from long-lived domain walls during matter domination
• Deformation of the gravitational wave spectrum by density perturbations
• Why the mean mass of primordial black hole distribution is close to 10$M_{\odot }$
• Searching for Cross-Correlation Between Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background and Galaxy Number Counts
• Di-Higgs Blind Spots in Gravitational Wave Signals
• Gravitational waves triggered by $B-L$ charged hidden scalar and leptogenesis
• Probing multi-step electroweak phase transition with multi-peaked primordial gravitational waves spectra
• Gravitational wave astronomy with radio galaxy surveys
• Merger rates in primordial black hole clusters without initial binaries
• Tracking the origin of black holes with the stochastic gravitational wave background popcorn signal
• Are stellar--mass binary black hole mergers isotropically distributed?
• Multi-wavelength observations of cosmological phase transitions using LISA and Cosmic Explorer
• Gravitational Waves from Fully General Relativistic Oscillon Preheating
• Correlated signals of first-order phase transitions and primordial black hole evaporation
• Gravitational waves from chiral phase transition in a conformally extended standard model
• Self-consistent treatment of bubble nucleation at the electroweak phase transition
• Gravitational Wave Signatures of Lepton Universality Violation
• Primordial black holes from bubble collisions during a first-order phase transition
• Gravitational waves from breaking of an extra $U(1)$ in $SO(10)$ grand unification
• Searching for lepton portal dark matter with colliders and gravitational waves
• Searches for New Particles, Dark Matter, and Gravitational Waves with SRF Cavities
• Sensitivity to Dark Sector Scales from Gravitational Wave Signatures
• Measuring angular N-point correlations of binary black hole merger gravitational-wave events with hierarchical Bayesian inference
• Fundamental physics using the temporal gravitational wave background
• More Exact Tunneling Solutions in Scalar Field Theory
• Ripples in Spacetime from Broken Supersymmetry
• Exact one-loop false vacuum decay rate
• Gravitational waves from bubble collisions in FLRW spacetime
• Detectability of Primordial Black Hole Binaries at High Redshift
• The Exact Critical Bubble Free Energy and the Effectiveness of Effective Potential Approximations
• A Rapidly Varying Red Supergiant X-Ray Binary in the Galactic Center
• Lower Bound for the Multi-Field Bounce Action
• Let Effective Field Theory of Inflation flow: stochastic generation of models with red/blue tensor tilt
• Spontaneous R-parity breaking, Left-Right Symmetry and Consistent Cosmology with Transitory Domain Walls
• Zipping and Unzipping in String Networks: Dynamics of Y-junctions
• Early-Universe Model Building
• Black Hole Spindown by Light Bosons
• Snowmass2021 Cosmic Frontier: Cosmic Microwave Background Measurements White Paper
• Snowmass White Paper: Cosmology at the Theory Frontier
• Model-independent features of gravitational waves from bubble collisions
• Gravitational Waves from Mini-Split SUSY
• Neutrino phenomenology in the flavored NMSSM without domain wall problems
• Signs of heavy Higgs bosons at CLIC: An $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ road to the Electroweak Phase Transition
• Theories and Experiments for Testable Baryogenesis Mechanisms: A Snowmass White Paper
• Snowmass2021 Cosmic Frontier White Paper: Future Gravitational-Wave Detector Facilities
• Non-perturbative methods for false vacuum decay
• Snowmass2021 Cosmic Frontier White Paper: Probing dark matter with small-scale astrophysical observations
• Tracking Down the Route to the SM with Inflation and Gravitational Waves
• Searching for Mini Extreme Mass Ratio Inspirals with Gravitational-Wave Detectors
• New Ideas in Baryogenesis: A Snowmass White Paper
• Gravitational waves from first-order phase transitions in Majoron models of neutrino mass
• A unique gravitational wave signal from phase transition during inflation
• First Order Color Symmetry Breaking and Restoration Triggered by Electroweak Symmetry Non-restoration
• Gravitational waves from bubble walls

Cited by in corpus (51)

• Primordial black hole constraints with Hawking radiation -- a review
• Generation of gravitational waves from freely decaying turbulence
• Baryogenesis, Primordial Black Holes and MHz-GHz Gravitational Waves
• The Primordial Black Holes that Disappeared: Connections to Dark Matter and MHz-GHz Gravitational Waves
• Primordial Black Hole Formation in Starobinsky's Linear Potential Model
• Did we hear the sound of the Universe boiling? Analysis using the full fluid velocity profiles and NANOGrav 15-year data
• The trap in the early Universe: impact on the interplay between gravitational waves and LHC physics in the 2HDM
• Hydrodynamic sound shell model
• Measuring Inflaton Couplings via Primordial Gravitational Waves
• Hydrodynamic backreaction force of cosmological bubble expansion
• The Inflaton that Could : Primordial Black Holes and Second Order Gravitational Waves from Tachyonic Instability induced in Higgs-$R^2$ Inflation
• From quantum gravity to gravitational waves through cosmic strings
• Probing Early Universe Supercooled Phase Transitions with Gravitational Wave Data
• Probing neutrino interactions and dark radiation with gravitational waves
• Multi-step phase transitions and gravitational waves in the inert doublet model
• Primordial black holes and curvature perturbations from false vacuum islands
• The energy budget of cosmological first-order phase transitions beyond the bag equation of state
• Bubble expansion at strong coupling
• Unraveling Cosmological Anisotropies within Stochastic Gravitational Wave Backgrounds
• Gravitational waves and dark matter from classical scale invariance
• Constraints on new physics around the MeV scale with cosmological observations
• Harmonic analysis for pulsar timing arrays
• Imprint of PBH domination on gravitational waves generated by cosmic strings
• New Physics Search at the CEPC: a General Perspective
• Quantum current dissipation in superconducting strings and vortons
• Testing Unification and Dark Matter with Gravitational Waves
• Gravitational Wave Symphony from Oscillating Spectator Scalar Fields
• General bubble expansion at strong coupling
• Gravitational waves and tadpole resummation: Efficient and easy convergence of finite temperature QFT
• Gravitational effects on fluid dynamics in cosmological first-order phase transitions
• Asymmetric Dark Matter from Gravitational Waves
• Gravitational waves from rapid structure formation on microscopic scales before matter-radiation equality
• Graviton mass due to dark energy as a superconducting medium: theoretical and phenomenological aspects
• Gravitational waves from cosmic strings in Froggatt-Nielsen flavour models
• General backreaction force of cosmological bubble expansion
• Searching for double-peak and doubly broken gravitational-wave spectra from Advanced LIGO-Virgo's first three observing runs
• Black holes and nilmanifolds: quasinormal modes as the fingerprints of extra dimensions?
• Gravitational Wave Signatures of Gauged Baryon and Lepton Number
• Polarization Properties of the Electromagnetic Response to High-frequency Gravitational Wave
• An SZ-Like Effect on Cosmological Gravitational Wave Backgrounds
• Shedding Light on Dark Sectors with Gravitational Waves
• Measuring gravitational wave spectrum from electroweak phase transition and Higgs self-couplings
• Bubbles kick off primordial black holes to form more binaries
• Gravitational wave signature of generic disappearance of $Z_2$-symmetry breaking domain walls
• Dark matter production accompanied by gravitational wave signals during cosmological phase transitions
• Bayesian analysis of the complex singlet model with phase transition gravitational waves
• Vacuum bubbles from cosmic ripples
• Primordial black holes from D-parity breaking in SO(10) grand unified theory
• Super-heated first order phase transitions
• Inflationary phase transitions in the early Universe: A Bayesian study with space-based gravitational-wave detectors
• Probing the Neutrino Seesaw Scale with Gravitational Waves