The trap in the early Universe: impact on the interplay between gravitational waves and LHC physics in the 2HDM

Abstract

We analyze the thermal history of the 2HDM and determine the parameter regions featuring a first-order electroweak phase transition (FOEWPT) and also much less studied phenomena like high-temperature electroweak (EW) symmetry non-restoration and the possibility of vacuum trapping (i.e. the Universe remains trapped in an EW-symmetric vacuum throughout the cosmological evolution, despite at $T=0$ the EW breaking vacuum is deeper). We show that the presence of vacuum trapping impedes a first-order EW phase transition in 2HDM parameter-space regions previously considered suitable for the realization of electroweak baryogenesis. Focusing then on the regions that do feature such a first-order transition, we show that the 2HDM parameter space that would yield a stochastic gravitational wave signal potentially detectable by the future LISA observatory is very contrived, and will be well probed by direct searches of 2HDM Higgs bosons at the HL-LHC, and (possibly) also via measurements of the self-coupling of the Higgs boson at 125 GeV. This has an important impact on the interplay between LISA and the LHC regarding the exploration of first-order phase transition scenarios in the 2HDM: the absence of new physics indications at the HL-LHC would severely limit the prospects of a detection by LISA. Finally, we demonstrate that as a consequence of the predicted enhancement of the self-coupling of the Higgs boson at 125 GeV the ILC would be able to probe the majority of the 2HDM parameter space yielding a FOEWPT through measurements of the self-coupling, with a large improvement in precision with respect to the HL-LHC.

arXiv comment41 pages, 13 figures

References in corpus (111)

• Observation of a new particle in the search for the Standard Model Higgs boson with the ATLAS detector at the LHC
• Observation of a new boson at a mass of 125 GeV with the CMS experiment at the LHC
• Theory and phenomenology of two-Higgs-doublet models
• Progress in Electroweak Baryogenesis
• The CP-conserving two-Higgs-doublet model: the approach to the decoupling limit
• Electroweak baryogenesis
• Is There a Hot Electroweak Phase Transition at $m_H\gsim m_W$?
• HiggsBounds: Confronting Arbitrary Higgs Sectors with Exclusion Bounds from LEP and the Tevatron
• Detecting gravitational waves from cosmological phase transitions with LISA: an update
• HiggsBounds-4: Improved Tests of Extended Higgs Sectors against Exclusion Bounds from LEP, the Tevatron and the LHC
• HiggsSignals: Confronting arbitrary Higgs sectors with measurements at the Tevatron and the LHC
• HiggsBounds 2.0.0: Confronting Neutral and Charged Higgs Sector Predictions with Exclusion Bounds from LEP and the Tevatron
• Energy Budget of Cosmological First-order Phase Transitions
• The Effective Potential and First-Order Phase Transitions: Beyond Leading Order
• Sensitivity curves for searches for gravitational-wave backgrounds
• Numerical simulations of acoustically generated gravitational waves at a first order phase transition
• Electroweak Baryogenesis
• The stochastic gravitational wave background from turbulence and magnetic fields generated by a first-order phase transition
• CosmoTransitions: Computing Cosmological Phase Transition Temperatures and Bubble Profiles with Multiple Fields
• Shape of the acoustic gravitational wave power spectrum from a first order phase transition
• A portrait of the Higgs boson by the CMS experiment ten years after the discovery
• Electroweak Baryogenesis and Standard Model CP Violation
• SusHi: A program for the calculation of Higgs production in gluon fusion and bottom-quark annihilation in the Standard Model and the MSSM
• The oblique parameters in multi-Higgs-doublet models
• Update of the global electroweak fit and constraints on two-Higgs-doublet models
• Standard Model CP-violation and Baryon asymmetry Part II: Finite Temperature
• Resummation in a Hot Scalar Field Theory
• On the Maximal Strength of a First-Order Electroweak Phase Transition and its Gravitational Wave Signal
• Probing the Standard Model with Higgs signal rates from the Tevatron, the LHC and a future ILC
• Baryon Washout, Electroweak Phase Transition, and Perturbation Theory
• Electroweak Bubble Wall Speed Limit
• A precision constraint on multi-Higgs-doublet models
• Can electroweak bubble walls run away?
• How fast can the wall move? A study of the electroweak phase transition dynamics
• Baryogenesis in the Two-Higgs Doublet Model
• HiggsBounds-5: Testing Higgs Sectors in the LHC 13 TeV Era
• Higgs pair production at the LHC with NLO and parton-shower effects
• HiggsSignals-2: Probing new physics with precision Higgs measurements in the LHC 13 TeV era
• Electroweak Phase Transition in Two Higgs Doublet Models
• Theoretical uncertainties for cosmological first-order phase transitions
• Sound shell model for acoustic gravitational wave production at a first-order phase transition in the early Universe
• Electroweak Baryogenesis in Two Higgs Doublet Models and B meson anomalies
• Finite temperature field theory and phase transitions
• Gravitational waves from first-order cosmological phase transitions: lifetime of the sound wave source
• Metastability bounds on the two Higgs doublet model
• Vorticity, kinetic energy, and suppressed gravitational wave production in strong first order phase transitions
• Strong First Order Electroweak Phase Transition in the CP-Conserving 2HDM Revisited
• A Second Higgs Doublet in the Early Universe: Baryogenesis and Gravitational Waves
• Gravitational waves from first order cosmological phase transitions in the Sound Shell Model
• Baryogenesis from the weak scale to the grand unification scale
• Some Cosmological Implications of Hidden Sectors
• A strong electroweak phase transition in the 2HDM after LHC8
• Numerical Simulations of Gravitational Waves from Early-Universe Turbulence
• Echoes of the Electroweak Phase Transition: Discovering a second Higgs doublet through $A_0\to H_{0}Z$
• Higgs Self-Coupling as a Probe of Electroweak Phase Transition
• ScannerS: Constraining the phase diagram of a complex scalar singlet at the LHC
• Standard Model CP-violation and Baryon asymmetry Part I: Zero Temperature
• Model-independent energy budget of cosmological first-order phase transitions
• Bubble Expansion and the Viability of Singlet-Driven Electroweak Baryogenesis
• Evolution of hydromagnetic turbulence from the electroweak phase transition
• Strong electroweak phase transitions without collider traces
• First principles determination of bubble wall velocity
• The CP-Violating 2HDM in Light of a Strong First Order Electroweak Phase Transition and Implications for Higgs Pair Production
• From Boltzmann equations to steady wall velocities
• On the gauge dependence of vacuum transitions at finite temperature
• Detection of Early-Universe Gravitational Wave Signatures and Fundamental Physics
• Electroweak bubble wall expansion: gravitational waves and baryogenesis in Standard Model-like thermal plasma
• Probing the Electroweak Phase Transition at the LHC
• BSMPT - Beyond the Standard Model Phase Transitions -A Tool for the Electroweak Phase Transition in Extended Higgs Sectors
• Thermodynamics of a two-step electroweak phase transition
• A new insight into the phase transition in the early Universe with two Higgs doublets
• High Scale Electroweak Phase Transition: Baryogenesis & Symmetry Non-Restoration
• Bubble wall velocities in local equilibrium
• The Higgs Vacuum Uplifted: Revisiting the Electroweak Phase Transition with a Second Higgs Doublet
• Field-theoretic derivation of bubble-wall force
• Search for neutral resonances decaying into a Z boson and a pair of b jets or tau leptons
• Bubble wall velocities in the Standard Model and beyond
• Search for a heavy Higgs boson decaying into a $Z$ boson and another heavy Higgs boson in the $\ell \ell bb$ final state in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
• Fluid equations for fast-moving electroweak bubble walls
• Was the Electroweak Phase Transition Preceded by a Color-Broken Phase?
• Gravity Waves from a Cosmological Phase Transition: Gauge Artifacts and Daisy Resummations
• Generation of gravitational waves from freely decaying turbulence
• Unrestored Electroweak Symmetry
• BSMPT v2 A Tool for the Electroweak Phase Transition and the Baryon Asymmetry of the Universe in Extended Higgs Sectors
• Combining thermal resummation and gauge invariance for electroweak phase transition
• Improved Electroweak Phase Transition with Subdominant Inert Doublet Dark Matter
• A sonic boom in bubble wall friction
• Fate of electroweak symmetry in the early Universe: Non-restoration and trapped vacua in the N2HDM
• Search for new neutral Higgs bosons through the H $\to$ ZA $\to$ ${\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}$ process in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• Electroweak Baryogenesis above the Electroweak Scale
• N2HDECAY: Higgs Boson Decays in the Different Phases of the N2HDM
• Symmetry Nonrestoration at High Temperature in Little Higgs Models
• Color Breaking Baryogenesis
• Electroweak Phase Transition in Non-Minimal Higgs Sectors
• Cornering the Two Higgs Doublet Model Type II
• Strong first order electroweak phase transition in 2HDM confronting future Z & Higgs factories
• New constraints on extended Higgs sectors from the trilinear Higgs coupling
• Nucleation is More than Critical -- A Case Study of the Electroweak Phase Transition in the NMSSM
• High scale impact in alignment and decoupling in two-Higgs doublet models
• Possibility of multi-step electroweak phase transition in the two Higgs doublet models
• Reopen parameter regions in Two-Higgs Doublet Models
• A New Approach to Electroweak Symmetry Non-Restoration
• Dark Matter and Nature of Electroweak Phase Transition with an Inert Doublet
• Searching for heavy Higgs bosons in the $t\bar{t}Z$ and $tbW$ final states
• The Flavourful Present and Future of 2HDMs at the Collider Energy Frontier
• High-Temperature Electroweak Symmetry Breaking by SM Twins
• 2 Higgs Doublet Model Evolver -- Manual
• Strongly first-order electroweak phase transition by relatively heavy additional Higgs bosons
• Resonant top pair searches at the LHC: a window to electroweak phase transition
• Electroweak Symmetry Non-Restoration from Dark Matter
• Electroweak Phase Transitions with BSM Fermions

Cited by in corpus (19)

• Cosmological phase transitions: from perturbative particle physics to gravitational waves
• Primordial black holes as dark matter: Interferometric tests of phase transition origin
• Gravitational Waves, Bubble Profile, and Baryon Asymmetry in the Complex 2HDM
• HHH Whitepaper
• First shot of the smoking gun: probing the electroweak phase transition in the 2HDM with novel searches for $A\to ZH$ in ${\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}t\bar{t}$ and $\nu \nu b\bar{b}$ final states
• Self Consistent Thermal Resummation: A Case Study of the Phase Transition in 2HDM
• On the BSM reach of four top production at the LHC
• Prospecting bipartite Dark Matter through Gravitational Waves
• Towards TeV-Scale Supersymmetric Electroweak Baryogenesis
• Phase Transitions and Gravitational Waves in a Model of ${\mathbb{Z}}_3$ Scalar Dark Matter
• Intermediate Charge-Breaking Phases and Symmetry Non-Restoration in the 2-Higgs-Doublet Model
• Interpreting the 95 GeV resonance in the Two Higgs Doublet Model: Implications for the Electroweak Phase Transition
• Benchmarking a fading window: electroweak baryogenesis in the C2HDM, LHC constraints after Run 2 and prospects for LISA
• Impact of one-loop corrections to trilinear scalar couplings on di-Higgs production in the RxSM
• Top-quark spin correlations as a tool to distinguish pseudoscalar $A\to ZH$ and scalar $H\to ZA$ signatures in $Zt\bar{t}$ final states at the LHC
• evortran: a modern Fortran package for genetic algorithms with applications from LHC data fitting to LISA signal reconstruction
• Investigating a strong first-order electroweak phase transition in the RxSM at future linear $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ colliders and LISA
• Early Universe hypercharge breaking and neutrino mass generation
• Twin electroweak bubble nucleation and gravitational wave under the $S_3$ symmetry of two-Higgs-doublet model