From Boltzmann equations to steady wall velocities

Abstract

By means of a relativistic microscopic approach we calculate the expansion velocity of bubbles generated during a first-order electroweak phase transition. In particular, we use the gradient expansion of the Kadanoff-Baym equations to set up the fluid system. This turns out to be equivalent to the one found in the semi-classical approach in the non-relativistic limit. Finally, by including hydrodynamic deflagration effects and solving the Higgs equations of motion in the fluid, we determine velocity and thickness of the bubble walls. Our findings are compared with phenomenological models of wall velocities. As illustrative examples, we apply these results to three theories providing first-order phase transitions with a particle content in the thermal plasma that resembles the Standard Model.

40 pages, 8 figures; v2: added references, version published in JCAP

References in corpus (10)

• Observation of a new particle in the search for the Standard Model Higgs boson with the ATLAS detector at the LHC
• Observation of a new boson at a mass of 125 GeV with the CMS experiment at the LHC
• Gravitational Wave Production by Collisions: More Bubbles
• LHC Phenomenology of an Extended Standard Model with a Real Scalar Singlet
• The Baryogenesis Window in the MSSM
• Gravitional radiation from first-order phase transitions in the presence of a fluid
• Hydrodynamic obstruction to bubble expansion
• Detonations and deflagrations in cosmological phase transitions
• Stability of cosmological detonation fronts
• Analytic approach to the motion of cosmological phase transition fronts

Cited by in corpus (15)

• A unified explanation for dark matter and electroweak baryogenesis with direct detection and gravitational wave signatures
• Dynamics of Electroweak Phase Transition In Singlet-Scalar Extension of the Standard Model
• The Gravitational-Wave Physics II: Progress
• Cosmological Phase Transitions and their Properties in the NMSSM
• Bubble wall dynamics at the electroweak phase transition
• Electroweak Baryogenesis with Lepton Flavor Violation
• A sonic boom in bubble wall friction
• Effective picture of bubble expansion
• CP-violation for Electroweak Baryogenesis from Dynamical CKM Matrix
• New benchmark scenarios of electroweak baryogenesis in aligned two Higgs double models
• Logarithmically divergent friction on ultrarelativistic bubble walls
• Sound velocity effects on the phase transition gravitational wave spectrum in the sound shell model
• Lower bound on the electroweak wall velocity from hydrodynamic instability
• Asymmetric dark matter with a spontaneously broken $U(1{)}^{\prime }$: self-interaction and gravitational waves
• Dynamics of bubble walls at the electroweak phase transition