Axion Cosmology with Early Matter Domination

Abstract

The default assumption of early universe cosmology is that the postinflationary universe was radiation dominated until it was about 47000 years old. Direct evidence for the radiation dominated epoch extends back until nucleosynthesis, which began during the first second. However there are theoretical reasons to prefer a period of earlier matter domination, prior to nucleosynthesis, e.g. due to late decaying massive particles needed to explain baryogenesis. Axion cosmology is quantitatively affected by an early period of matter domination, with a different axion mass range preferred and greater inhomogeneity produced on small scales. In this work we show that such increased inhomogeneity can lead to the formation of axion miniclusters in axion parameter ranges that are different from those usually assumed. If the reheating temperature is below $58$ MeV, axion miniclusters can form even if the axion field is present during inflation and has been previously homogenized. The upper bound on the typical initial axion minicluster mass is raised from $10^{-10}{M}_{\odot }$ to $10^{-7}{M}_{\odot }$, where $M_{\odot }$ is a solar mass. These results may have consequences for indirect detection of axion miniclusters, and could conceivably probe the thermal history of the universe before nucleosynthesis.

arXiv comment9 pages, 3 figures, refs added

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Cited by in corpus (51)

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• The First Three Seconds: a Review of Possible Expansion Histories of the Early Universe
• Early seeds of axion miniclusters
• Probing the pre-BBN universe with gravitational waves from cosmic strings
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• Primordial Gravitational Waves in Nonstandard Cosmologies
• First Simulations of Axion Minicluster Halos
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• Dark Matter Microhalos From Simplified Models
• Baryogenesis from B Meson Oscillations
• New opportunities for axion dark matter searches in nonstandard cosmological models
• The future search for low-frequency axions and new physics with the FLASH resonant cavity experiment at Frascati National Laboratories
• The Interplay between the Dark Matter Axion and Primordial Black Holes
• Recurrent Axinovae and their Cosmological Constraints
• The QCD Axion and Gravitational Waves in light of NANOGrav results
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• Stasis in an Expanding Universe: A Recipe for Stable Mixed-Component Cosmological Eras
• Axions in String Theory $-$ Slaying the Hydra of Dark Radiation
• ALP Dark Matter Mini-Clusters from Kinetic Fragmentation
• Analysis of Bose-Einstein condensation times for self-interacting scalar dark matter
• Primordial Black Holes from Axion Domain Wall Collapse
• Detecting Dark Matter Substructures on Small Scales with Fast Radio Bursts
• Smallest Remnants of Early Matter Domination
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• Stability of Condensed Fuzzy Dark Matter Halos
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