Exploring the Early Universe with Gaia and THEIA

Abstract

It has recently been pointed out that Gaia is capable of detecting a stochastic gravitational wave background in the sensitivity band between the frequency of pulsar timing arrays and LISA. We argue that Gaia and THEIA has great potential for early universe cosmology, since such a frequency range is ideal for probing phase transitions in asymmetric dark matter, SIMP and the cosmological QCD transition. Furthermore, there is the potential for detecting primordial black holes in the solar mass range produced during such an early universe transition and distinguish them from those expected from the QCD epoch. Finally, we discuss the potential for Gaia and THEIA to probe topological defects and the ability of Gaia to potentially shed light on the recent NANOGrav results.

26 pages, 6 figures

References in corpus (18)

• Advanced LIGO
• Science with the space-based interferometer LISA. IV: Probing inflation with gravitational waves
• On the evidence for a common-spectrum process in the search for the nanohertz gravitational-wave background with the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array
• Scale for the Phase Diagram of Quantum Chromodynamics
• Stochastic gravitational wave background from smoothed cosmic string loops
• Cosmological Constraints on Very Dark Photons
• A Pure-Glue Hidden Valley I. States and Decays
• Ricci Reheating
• Continuum Thermodynamics of the GluoN_c Plasma
• Can we observe the QCD phase transition-generated gravitational waves through pulsar timing arrays?
• Resurrection of large lepton number asymmetries from neutrino flavor oscillations
• The Benefits of Diligence: How Precise are Predicted Gravitational Wave Spectra in Models with Phase Transitions?
• Primordial Monopoles and Strings, Inflation, and Gravity Waves
• Cosmological phase transitions: is effective field theory just a toy?
• Astrometric Effects of Gravitational Wave Backgrounds with non-Luminal Propagation Speeds
• Lepton Flavour Asymmetries and the Mass Spectrum of Primordial Black Holes
• Cosmological Bounds on sub-GeV Dark Vector Bosons from Electromagnetic Energy Injection
• Constraints on the basic parameters of dark matter using the Planck data

Cited by in corpus (25)

• Detection of Early-Universe Gravitational Wave Signatures and Fundamental Physics
• Primordial Black Holes
• Doubly peaked induced stochastic gravitational wave background : Testing baryogenesis from primordial black holes
• Looking at the NANOGrav Signal Through the Anthropic Window of Axion-Like Particles
• Bridging the $\mu$Hz gap in the gravitational-wave landscape with binary resonance
• Simulations of PBH formation at the QCD epoch and comparison with the GWTC-3 catalog
• Can we observe the QCD phase transition-generated gravitational waves through pulsar timing arrays?
• Dark Confinement and Chiral Phase Transitions: Gravitational Waves vs Matter Representations
• Distinct signatures of spinning PBH domination and evaporation: doubly peaked gravitational waves, dark relics and CMB complementarity
• Beyond freeze-in: Dark Matter via inverse phase transition and gravitational wave signal
• Polarization of gravitational waves from helical MHD turbulent sources
• Leptogenesis and Dark Matter Through Relativistic Bubble Walls with Observable Gravitational Waves
• Testing Primordial Black Holes with multi-band observations of the stochastic gravitational wave background
• Signatures of Non-thermal Dark Matter with Kination and Early Matter Domination: Gravitational Waves versus Laboratory Searches
• Impact of high-scale Seesaw and Leptogenesis on inflationary tensor perturbations as detectable gravitational waves
• Analysis of a subsolar-mass compact binary candidate from the second observing run of Advanced LIGO
• Tracking the origin of black holes with the stochastic gravitational wave background popcorn signal
• Gravitational waves from melting cosmic strings
• The scalar, vector, and tensor modes in gravitational wave turbulence simulations
• Probing Left-Right Symmetry via Gravitational Waves from Domain Walls
• A first order dark $SU(2{)}_D$ phase transition with vector dark matter in the light of NANOGrav 12.5 yr data
• Big Bang Nucleosynthesis Limits and Relic Gravitational Waves Detection Prospects
• Enhance Primordial Black Hole Abundance through the Non-linear Processes around Bounce Point
• Unravelling the formation of the first supermassive black holes with the SKA pulsar timing array
• Gravitational Wave Gastronomy