LIGO/Virgo Black Holes from a First Order QCD Phase Transition

Abstract

We propose that $O(10M_{\mathrm{Sun}})$ black holes observed by LIGO/Virgo originate from a first order QCD phase transition at a temperature $T_{\ast }\lesssim 100$~MeV. This is realized by keeping the quark masses small compared to confinement scale down to $T\sim T_{\ast }$, making QCD transition first order. We implement this scenario using a light scalar that could potentially be a good dark matter candidate.

6 pages, Revtex4. New version implements a model that does not lead to supercooling issues from weak scale vacuum energies

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• Critical Slowing Down at the Abrupt Mott Transition: When the First-Order Phase Transition Becomes Zeroth-Order and Looks Like Second-Order
• Is GW170817 a Multimessenger Neutron Star-Primordial Black Hole Merger?
• Primordial Black Hole Formation during a Strongly Coupled Crossover
• Signatures of a High Temperature QCD Transition in the Early Universe
• A Study of Black Holes in $F(R)-$ModMax Gravity: Gravitational Lensing and Constraints from EHT Observations
• Strongly Magnetized Hot QCD Matter and Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background
• Primordial gravitational waves from spontaneous Lorentz symmetry breaking
• Cosmic Overture Echoed in a Stellar Final Act: Implications of Nanohertz Gravitational Waves for Core Collapse Supernova Neutrinos