Polarization Properties of the Electromagnetic Response to High-frequency Gravitational Wave
arXiv:2504.13115 · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/adce0a
Abstract
Electromagnetic waves (EMWs) can be generated by gravitational waves (GWs) within a magnetic field via the Gertsenshtein effect. The conversion probability between GWs and EMWs can be enhanced by inhomogeneities in the electron density and magnetic field within the magnetized plasma of both the Milky Way (MW) and the intergalactic medium in the expanding Universe. Polarized GWs can induce polarized EMWs, and the polarization properties of these EMWs can be altered by Faraday rotation as they propagate through magnetized plasma. Additionally, the polarization intensity of the EMWs may be weakened due to depolarization effects. In this study, we calculate the enhanced GW-EMW conversion in inhomogeneous magnetized plasma during the propagation of GWs through the Universe and our galaxy. We analyze the polarization states of the EMWs generated by polarized GWs and discuss the depolarization effects induced by the medium's irregularities, as well as the differential Faraday rotation occurring in multilayer polarized radiation. Our work provides alternative methods for detecting GWs and exploring their polarization states, and potentially constraining the parameters of the possible GW sources, especially the primordial black hole, contributing to the advancement of very-high-frequency GW detection and research.
24 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
References in corpus (126)
- Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger
- GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral
- Advanced Virgo: a 2nd generation interferometric gravitational wave detector
- Multi-messenger Observations of a Binary Neutron Star Merger
- GW151226: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a 22-Solar-Mass Binary Black Hole Coalescence
- LOFAR: The LOw-Frequency ARray
- GW170104: Observation of a 50-Solar-Mass Binary Black Hole Coalescence at Redshift 0.2
- GW170814: A Three-Detector Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Coalescence
- Astrophysical magnetic fields and nonlinear dynamo theory
- The NANOGrav 15-year Data Set: Evidence for a Gravitational-Wave Background
- Search for an isotropic gravitational-wave background with the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array
- The Temperature of the Cosmic Microwave Background
- Searching for the nano-Hertz stochastic gravitational wave background with the Chinese Pulsar Timing Array Data Release I
- Binary Black Hole Mergers in the first Advanced LIGO Observing Run
- Gravitational Wave Experiments and Early Universe Cosmology
- Magnetic Fields in the Early Universe
- The second data release from the European Pulsar Timing Array III. Search for gravitational wave signals
- Science with the space-based interferometer eLISA. II: Gravitational waves from cosmological phase transitions
- Detector configuration of KAGRA - the Japanese cryogenic gravitational-wave detector
- The Pre-Big Bang Scenario in String Cosmology
- Cosmological Magnetic Fields: Their Generation, Evolution and Observation
- Chern-Simons Modification of General Relativity
- Detecting a stochastic background of gravitational radiation: Signal processing strategies and sensitivities
- Gravitational-wave sensitivity curves
- Chern-Simons Modified General Relativity
- Faraday Rotation Measure Synthesis
- Cosmological Signature of New Parity-Violating Interactions
- Cosmic String Production Towards the End of Brane Inflation
- Compressible Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence: mode coupling, scaling relations, anisotropy, new regime and astrophysical implications
- Completing Natural Inflation
- Gravitational radiation from cosmic (super)strings: bursts, stochastic background, and observational windows
- The stochastic gravitational-wave background from massive black hole binary systems: implications for observations with Pulsar Timing Arrays
- Detection methods for stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds: a unified treatment
- A model of diffuse Galactic Radio Emission from 10 MHz to 100 GHz
- Science with the space-based interferometer eLISA. I: Supermassive black hole binaries
- The Evolution of Compact Binary Star Systems
- The Sensitivity of the Advanced LIGO Detectors at the Beginning of Gravitational Wave Astronomy
- Low-frequency gravitational-wave science with eLISA/NGO
- Gravitational wave background as a probe of the primordial black hole abundance
- New BBN limits on Physics Beyond the Standard Model from He4
- Challenges and Opportunities of Gravitational Wave Searches at MHz to GHz Frequencies
- Compressible Sub-Alfvenic MHD turbulence in Low-beta Plasmas
- The Fundamental Performance of FAST with 19-beam Receiver at L Band
- Gauge Field Production in Axion Inflation: Consequences for Monodromy, non-Gaussianity in the CMB, and Gravitational Waves at Interferometers
- Gravitational wave stochastic background from cosmic (super)strings
- Stochastic Gravitational Wave Backgrounds
- Detecting high-frequency gravitational waves with optically-levitated sensors
- Parity violation in the Cosmic Microwave Background from a pseudoscalar inflaton
- Cosmological Magnetic Fields Limits in an Inhomogeneous Universe
- Extending Big Power Law in the Sky with Turbulence Spectra from WHAM data
- Relic Gravitational Waves from String Cosmology
- Resolving the Radio Source Background: Deeper Understanding Through Confusion
- Plasma instabilities and magnetic-field growth in clusters of galaxies
- Baryon Asymmetry, Dark Matter, and Density Perturbation from PBH
- eXTP -- enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry Mission
- Primordial Gravitational Waves from Axion-Gauge Fields Dynamics
- Detecting High-Frequency Gravitational Waves with Microwave Cavities
- Perturbations in Chromo-Natural Inflation
- Cosmological Magnetic Field: a fossil of density perturbations in the early universe
- Numerical Simulations of Gravitational Waves from Early-Universe Turbulence
- A Determination of the Spectral Index of Galactic Synchrotron Emission in the 1-10 GHz range
- Upper limits on the amplitude of ultra-high-frequency gravitational waves from graviton-photon mixing
- Gravitational Waves as a Big Bang Thermometer
- Anomalous CMB polarization and gravitational chirality
- Spectrum of relic gravitational waves in string cosmology
- Parity breaking signatures from a Chern-Simons coupling during inflation: the case of non-Gaussian gravitational waves
- Probing the Universe through the Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background
- The spatial energy spectrum of magnetic fields in our Galaxy
- Detection of Early-Universe Gravitational Wave Signatures and Fundamental Physics
- Potential of radio telescopes as high-frequency gravitational wave detectors
- Comparison of spectral slopes of magnetohydrodynamic and hydrodynamic turbulence and measurements of alignment effects
- Primordial Gravitational Waves and Cosmology
- Parity violation in the CMB bispectrum by a rolling pseudoscalar
- Sardinia Radio Telescope observations of Abell 194 - the intra-cluster magnetic field power spectrum
- Probing GHz Gravitational Waves with Graviton-magnon Resonance
- FAST: Its Scientific Achievements and Prospects
- Relic gravitational waves from light primordial black holes
- Magnetic power spectra from Faraday rotation maps - REALMAF and its use on Hydra A
- Prospects for direct detection of circular polarization of gravitational-wave background
- Gas Pixel Detectors for X-ray Polarimetry applications
- Plasma turbulence in the interstellar medium
- Detecting Planetary-mass Primordial Black Holes with Resonant Electromagnetic Gravitational Wave Detectors
- Baryogenesis, Primordial Black Holes and MHz-GHz Gravitational Waves
- Signatures of extra dimensions in gravitational waves from black hole quasi-normal modes
- Polarized Cosmological Gravitational Waves from Primordial Helical Turbulence
- Conversion of relic gravitational waves into photons in cosmological magnetic fields
- A gravitational wave window on extra dimensions
- Polarized Gravitational Waves from Cosmological Phase Transitions
- Limits on Direct Detection of Gravitational Waves
- Resonant interaction between gravitational waves, electromagnetic waves and plasma flows
- Accessibility of the Pre-Big-Bang Models to LIGO
- Trajectories with suppressed tensor-to-scalar ratio in Aligned Natural Inflation
- Circular Polarization of Gravitational Waves from Early-Universe Helical Turbulence
- A formalism for magnon gravitational wave detectors
- Exploring High Frequency Gravitational Waves with Magnons
- Gravitational Waves from Primordial Magnetic Fields via Photon-Graviton Conversion
- Photon-graviton conversion in a primordial magnetic field and the cosmic microwave background
- Angular and frequency response of the gravitational wave interferometers in the metric theories of gravity
- Sparse Faraday Rotation Measure Synthesis
- Observable gravitational waves in pre-big bang cosmology: an update
- Constraints on hidden photons from current and future observations of CMB spectral distortions
- On the Amplitude and Stokes Parameters of a Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background
- The distribution of mean and fluctuating magnetic fields in the multi-phase ISM
- Comparing Instrument Spectral Sensitivity of Dissimilar Electromagnetic Haloscopes to Axion Dark Matter and High Frequency Gravitational Waves
- Limits on High-Frequency Gravitational Waves in Planetary Magnetospheres
- The Measurement of Polarization in Radio Astronomy
- Minimal theory of massive gravity and constraints on the graviton mass
- Mapping Milky Way disk perturbations in stellar number density and vertical velocity using Gaia DR3
- The primordial magnetic field in our cosmic backyard
- Limits on high-frequency gravitational wave background from its interplay with large scale magnetic fields
- Gravitational wave search through electromagnetic telescopes
- GRAPH mixing
- Tips and Tricks in linear imaging polarimetry of extended sources with FORS2 at the VLT
- Spectral Variance in a Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background From a Binary Population
- Impact of a Midband Gravitational Wave Experiment On Detectability of Cosmological Stochastic Gravitational Wave Backgrounds
- Probing for massive stochastic gravitational-wave background with a detector network
- Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulent Cascade of Coronal Loop Magnetic Fields
- The FAST Core Array
- Detecting circular polarisation in the stochastic gravitational-wave background from a first-order cosmological phase transition
- Electromagnetic counterparts of high-frequency gravitational waves having additional polarization states: distinguishing and probing tensor-mode, vector-mode and scalar-mode gravitons
- Observational bounds on extended minimal theories of massive gravity: New limits on the graviton mass
- Depolarization of synchrotron radiation in a multilayer magneto-ionic medium
- Axion mediated photon to dark photon mixing
- On the CMB circular polarization. I. The Cotton-Mouton effect
- Graviton creation from the CMB in large scale magnetic fields
- Constraining gravitational-wave backgrounds from conversions into photons in the Galactic magnetic field