Challenges and Opportunities of Gravitational Wave Searches at MHz to GHz Frequencies

Abstract

The first direct measurement of gravitational waves by the LIGO and Virgo collaborations has opened up new avenues to explore our Universe. This white paper outlines the challenges and gains expected in gravitational wave searches at frequencies above the LIGO/Virgo band, with a particular focus on Ultra High-Frequency Gravitational Waves (UHF-GWs), covering the MHz to GHz range. The absence of known astrophysical sources in this frequency range provides a unique opportunity to discover physics beyond the Standard Model operating both in the early and late Universe, and we highlight some of the most promising gravitational sources. We review several detector concepts which have been proposed to take up this challenge, and compare their expected sensitivity with the signal strength predicted in various models. This report is the summary of the workshop "Challenges and opportunities of high-frequency gravitational wave detection" held at ICTP Trieste, Italy in October 2019, that set up the stage for the recently launched Ultra-High-Frequency Gravitational Wave (UHF-GW) initiative.

arXiv commentPublished in Living Reviews in Relativity

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• Gauss's Law and a Gravitational Wave
• Storage Rings and Gravitational Waves: Summary and Outlook
• Constraints on High-Frequency Gravitational Waves from Graviton-Photon Conversion in the M87 Galaxy
• Self-resonance during preheating: The case of $\alpha$-attractor models
• Superradiant dark matter production from primordial black holes: Impact of multiple modes and gravitational wave emission
• Atom interferometers and a small-scale test of general relativity
• The read-out electronics for the FLASH experiment
• Stimulated absorption of single gravitons: First light on quantum gravity
• Prospects for detecting asteroid-mass primordial black holes in extreme mass-ratio inspirals with continuous gravitational waves
• Constraining the inflaton potential with gravitational waves from oscillons
• Novel understanding of Cosmological Phenomena using Fast Radio Bursts
• Gravitational Wave Gastronomy
• A Faster Growth of Perturbations in an Early Matter Dominated Epoch: Primordial Black Holes and Gravitational Waves
• Probing Bose-enhanced Inflaton Decay with Gravitational Waves
• Very-High-Frequency Gravitational Waves from Multi-Monodromy Inflation
• Gravitational Wave Mountains: current-carrying domain walls
• High Sensitivity Methodologies to Detect Radio Band Gravitational Waves