"Stairway to Heaven" -- Spectroscopy of Particle Couplings with Gravitational Waves
arXiv:2202.05805 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.106.063522
Abstract
We discuss the possibility to measure particle couplings with stochastic gravitational wave backgrounds (SGWBs). Under certain circumstances a sequence of peaks of different amplitude and frequency -- a -- emerges in a SGWB spectrum, with each peak probing a different coupling. The detection of such signature opens the possibility to reconstruct couplings (spectroscopy) of particle species involved in high energy phenomena generating SGWBs. Stairway-like signatures may arise in causally produced backgrounds in the early Universe, e.g. from preheating or first order phase transitions. As a proof of principle we study a preheating scenario with an inflaton coupled to multiple fields with different coupling strengths. As a clear stairway signature is imprinted in the SGWB spectrum, we reconstruct the relevant couplings with various detectors.
arXiv comment4 pages, 3 figures and supplemental material
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