paper

Gravitational Wave Measurement in the Mid-Band with Atom Interferometers

arXiv:2309.07952 · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2024/05/027

Abstract

Gravitational Waves (GWs) have been detected in the 100 Hz and nHz bands, but most of the gravitational spectrum remains unobserved. A variety of detector concepts have been proposed to expand the range of observable frequencies. In this work, we study the capability of GW detectors in the ``mid-band'', the 30 mHz -- 10 Hz range between LISA and LIGO, to measure the signals from and constrain the properties of 1 -- 100 compact binaries. We focus on atom-interferometer-based detectors. We describe a Fisher matrix code, AIMforGW, which we created to evaluate their capabilities, and present numerical results for two benchmarks: terrestrial km-scale detectors, and satellite-borne detectors in medium Earth orbit. Mid-band GW detectors are particularly well-suited to pinpointing the location of GW sources on the sky. We demonstrate that a satellite-borne detector could achieve sub-degree sky localization for any detectable source with chirp mass . We also compare different detector configurations, including different locations of terrestrial detectors and various choices of the orbit of a satellite-borne detector. As we show, a network of only two terrestrial single-baseline detectors or one single-baseline satellite-borne detector would each provide close-to-uniform sky-coverage, with signal-to-noise ratios varying by less than a factor of two across the entire sky. We hope that this work contributes to the efforts of the GW community to assess the merits of different detector proposals.

45+15 pages, many figures. Code available at github.com/sbaum90/AIMforGW. v2: updated to match the published version

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