Early Warnings of Binary Neutron Star Coalescence using the SPIIR Search

Abstract

Gravitational waves from binary neutron star mergers can be used as alerts to enable prompt follow-up observations. In particular, capturing prompt electromagnetic and astroparticle emissions from the moment of a binary merger presents unique constraints on the time scale and sky localization for online gravitational wave detection. Here we present the expected performance of the SPIIR online detection pipeline that is designed for this purpose in the upcoming international LIGO-Virgo's 4th Science Run (O4). Using simulated Gaussian data for the two LIGO observatories with expected O4 sensitivity, we demonstrate that there is a non-negligible opportunity to deliver pre-merger warnings at least 10 s before the final plunge. These alerts are expected to be issued at a nominal rate of one binary neutron star coalescence per year and localized within a median searched area of 300 $de{g}^2$. We envision such a detection to be extremely useful for follow-up observatories with a large field of view such as the Murchison Widefield Array radio facility at Western Australia.

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• Applications of machine learning in gravitational wave research with current interferometric detectors
• Rapid localization of gravitational wave sources from compact binary coalescences using deep learning
• Pre-merger sky localization of gravitational waves from binary neutron star mergers using deep learning
• Rapid pre-merger localization of binary neutron stars in third generation gravitational wave detectors
• Convolutional neural network for gravitational-wave early alert: Going down in frequency
• Realistic observing scenarios for the next decade of early warning detection of binary neutron stars
• Eccentricity enables the earliest warning and localization of gravitational waves with ground-based detectors
• Gravitational Wave Measurement in the Mid-Band with Atom Interferometers
• Improved early-warning estimates of luminosity distance and orbital inclination of compact binary mergers using higher modes of gravitational radiation
• Sky localization of gravitational waves from eccentric binaries
• Early Warning From Eccentric Compact Binaries: Template Initialization And Sub-dominant Mode Effects
• Astrophysical or Terrestrial: Machine learning classification of gravitational-wave candidates using multiple-search information