Rapid pre-merger localization of binary neutron stars in third generation gravitational wave detectors

Abstract

Pre-merger localization of binary neutron stars (BNSs) is one of the most important scientific goals for the third generation (3G) gravitational wave (GW) detectors. It will enable the electromagnetic observation of the whole process of BNS coalescence, especially for the pre-merger and merger phases which have not been observed yet, opening a window for deeper understandings of compact objects. To reach this goal, we describe a novel combination of multi-band matched filtering and semi-analytical localization algorithms to achieve early-warning localization of long BNS signals in 3G detectors. Using our method we are able to efficiently simulate one month of observations with a three-detector 3G network, and show that it is possible to provide accurate sky localizations more than 30 minutes before the merger. Our simulation shows that there could be ~ 10 (~ 100) BNS events localized within 100 deg2, 20 (6) minutes before merger, per month of observation.

8 pages, 5 figures. Accepted version. Data release available

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• Eccentricity enables the earliest warning and localization of gravitational waves with ground-based detectors
• Gravitational Wave Measurement in the Mid-Band with Atom Interferometers
• Next-generation global gravitational-wave detector network: Impact of detector orientation on compact binary coalescence and stochastic gravitational-wave background searches
• The impact of local noise recorded at the ET candidate sites on the signal to noise ratio of CBC gravitational wave signals for the ET triangle configuration
• A practical Bayesian method for gravitational-wave ringdown analysis with multiple modes
• RADAR-Radio Afterglow Detection and AI-driven Response: A Federated Framework for Gravitational Wave Event Follow-Up