Zipping and Unzipping in String Networks: Dynamics of Y-junctions

Abstract

We study, within the Nambu-Goto approximation, the stability of massive string junctions under the influence of the tensions of three strings joining together in a Y-type configuration. The relative angle $\beta$ between the strings at the junction is in general time-dependent and its evolution can lead to zipping or unzipping of the three-string configuration. We find that these configurations are stable under deformations of the tension balance condition at the junction. The angle $\beta$ relaxes at its equilibrium value and the junction grows relativistically. We then discuss other potential "unzipping agents" including monopole/string forces for long strings and curvature for loops, and we investigate specific solutions exhibiting decelerated zipping and unzipping of the Y-junction. These results provide motivation for incorporating the effects of realistic string interactions in network evolution models with string junctions.

arXiv comment24 pages, 11 figures

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• Stable $Z$-strings with topological polarization in two Higgs doublet model
• Measuring Global Monopole Velocities, one by one
• Detection of Low Tension Cosmic Superstrings
• Dynamics of junctions and the multi-tension velocity-dependent one-scale model
• Multitension strings in high-resolution U(1)$\times$U(1) simulations
• Dynamical simulations of colliding superconducting strings