The Circumgalactic Medium

Abstract

The gas surrounding galaxies outside their disks or interstellar medium and inside their virial radii is known as the circumgalactic medium (CGM). In recent years this component of galaxies has assumed an important role in our understanding of galaxy evolution owing to rapid advances in observational access to this diffuse, nearly invisible material. Observations and simulations of this component of galaxies suggest that it is a multiphase medium characterized by rich dynamics and complex ionization states. The CGM is a source for a galaxy's star-forming fuel, the venue for galactic feedback and recycling, and perhaps the key regulator of the galactic gas supply. We review our evolving knowledge of the CGM with emphasis on its mass, dynamical state, and coevolution with galaxies. Observations from all redshifts and from across the electromagnetic spectrum indicate that CGM gas has a key role in galaxy evolution. We summarize the state of this field and pose unanswered questions for future research.

46 pages, 11 figures. Authors' draft version; see http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev-astro-091916-055240 for a well-edited final version and fun supplementary figures

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• A Semi-Analytical Line Transfer (SALT) Model III: Galactic Inflows
• Inconsistencies arising from the coupling of galaxy formation sub-grid models to Pressure-Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics
• Detection of a Super-Virial Hot Component in the Milky Way Circumgalactic Medium Along Multiple Sight-Lines by Using the Stacking Technique
• Dark Matter in Fractional Gravity I: Astrophysical Tests on Galactic Scales
• The Anisotropic Circumgalactic Medium of Massive Early-Type Galaxies
• The MOSDEF-LRIS Survey: Probing ISM/CGM Structure of Star-Forming Galaxies at z~2 Using Rest-UV Spectroscopy
• Evidence for a compact stellar merger origin for GRB 230307A from Fermi-LAT and multi-wavelength afterglow observations
• The Effect of Cosmic Rays on the Observational Properties of the CGM
• The soft X-ray background with Suzaku: I. Milky Way halo
• Revealing the Nature of a Lyman-$\alpha$ Halo in a Strongly Lensed Interacting System at $z=2.92$
• Regulation of star formation by large scale gravito-turbulence
• Physical Conditions of Five O VI Absorption Systems Towards PG $1522+101$
• Exploring the Dust Content of Galactic Halos with Herschel. IV. NGC 3079
• Evolution of CIV Absorbers. II. Where does CIV live?
• Metal content of the circumgalactic medium around star-forming galaxies at z $\sim$ 2.6 as revealed by the VIMOS Ultra-Deep Survey
• Diffusion of cosmic-ray electrons in M 51 observed with LOFAR at 54 MHz
• The SUPERCOLD-CGM survey: \\ I. Probing the extended CO(4-3) Emission of the Circumglactic medium in a sample of 10 Enormous Ly$\alpha$ Nebulae at $z\sim 2$
• Feedback and dynamical masses in high-$z$ galaxies: the advent of high-resolution NIRSpec spectroscopy
• Cosmo-tomography toward PKS1830-211: Variability of the quasar and of its foreground molecular absorption monitored with ALMA
• Circumgalactic Ly$\alpha$ emission around submillimeter-bright galaxies with different quasar contributions
• Revisiting FUSE O VI Emission in Galaxy Halos
• CGM${}^2$ $+$ CASBaH: The Mass Dependence of H~I Ly$\alpha$-Galaxy Clustering and the Extent of the CGM
• A framework to measure the properties of intergalactic metal systems with two-point flux statistics
• Origins of the Evil Eye: M64's Stellar Halo Reveals the Recent Accretion of an SMC-mass Satellite
• Quenching in the Right Place at the Right Time: Tracing the Shared History of Starbursts, AGNs, and Post-starburst Galaxies Using Their Structures and Multiscale Environments
• The discovery of the largest gas filament in our Galaxy, or a new spiral arm?
• A survey of Ly$\alpha$ emission around Damped Ly$\alpha$ absorbers at $z\approx 2$ with the Keck Cosmic Web Imager
• Discovery of the most luminous quasar of the last 9 Gyr
• Ram pressure stripping in clusters: Gravity can bind the ISM but not the CGM
• The high-velocity clouds above the disk of the outer Milky Way: misty precipitating gas in a region roiled by stellar streams
• The Impact of Wind Scalings on Stellar Growth and the Baryon Cycle in Cosmological Simulations
• Hybrid-chimes: A model for radiative cooling and the abundances of ions and molecules in simulations of galaxy formation
• AGN feedback can produce metal enrichment on galaxy scales
• The Study of Circumgalactic Medium with Quasar Pairs
• Carbon envelopes around merging galaxies at z ~ 4.5
• MusE GAs FLOw and Wind (MEGAFLOW) XII. Rationale and design of a MgII survey of the cool circum-galactic medium with MUSE and UVES: The MEGAFLOW Survey
• UHECR Echoes from the Council of Giants
• The MOSDEF-LRIS Survey: Detection of Inflowing Gas Towards Three Star-forming Galaxies at z ~ 2
• The Similar Signatures of Coplanar Gas Inflow and Disk Warps in Galactic Gas Kinematic Maps
• Detection of a Multiphase Intragroup Medium: Results from the COS-IGrM Survey
• Tracing the 10${}^7$K Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium with UV absorption lines
• QSO MUSEUM II: Search for extended Ly$\alpha$ emission around eight $z\sim 3$ quasar pairs
• Simulations of Weakly Magnetized Turbulent Mixing Layers
• Searching for HI around MHONGOOSE Galaxies via Spectral Stacking
• Detecting neutral hydrogen at z > 3 in large spectroscopic surveys of quasars
• Constraints on galactic outflows from the metallicity-stellar mass-SFR relation of EAGLE simulation and SDSS galaxies
• The dispersion measure and scattering of Fast Radio Bursts: contributions from multi-components, and clues for the intrinsic properties
• Boundless baryons: how diffuse gas contributes to anisotropic tSZ signal around simulated Three Hundred clusters
• Circumgalactic Medium on the Largest Scales: Detecting X-ray Absorption Lines with Large-Area Microcalorimeters
• Spatially-resolved Spectroscopic Analysis of Ly$\alpha$ Haloes: Radial Evolution of the Ly$\alpha$ Line Profile out to 60 kpc
• The Baltimore Oriole's Nest: Cool Winds from the Inner and Outer Parts of a Star-Forming Galaxy at z=1.3
• Sensitivity of non-radiative cloud-wind interactions to the hydrodynamics solver
• Absorption-based Circumgalactic Medium Line Emission Estimates
• Formation and fate of low metallicity stars in IllustrisTNG50
• An Empirical Determination of the Dependence of the Circumgalactic Mass Cooling Rate and Feedback Mass Loading Factor on Galactic Stellar Mass
• A galactic outflow traced by its extended Mg II emission out to a $\sim 30$ kpc radius in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field with MUSE
• Quantifying Observational Projection Effects with a Simulation-based hot CGM model
• UV & Ly$\alpha$ halos of Ly$\alpha$ emitters across environments at z=2.84
• Cosmological gas accretion history onto the stellar discs of Milky Way-like galaxies in the Auriga simulations -- (I) Temporal dependency
• Interpreting Observations of Absorption Lines in the Circumgalactic Medium with a Turbulent Medium
• Nature and Origins of Rich Complexes of C IV Associated Absorption Lines
• Charge exchange emission and cold clumps in multi-phase galactic outflows
• Radio halos of star forming galaxies
• Cold neutral hydrogen gas in galaxies
• Oxygen Loss from Simulated Galaxies and the Metal Flow Main Sequence: Predicting the Dependence on Mass and Environment
• Resolved galactic superwinds reconstructed around their host galaxies at z>3
• Dust in Clusters of Galaxies
• Charged black hole surrounded by a galactic halo in de Sitter universe
• The THESAN-ZOOM project: Star-formation efficiencies in high-redshift galaxies
• Observational Constraints on Cool Gas Clouds in M82's Starburst-Driven Outflow
• Direct high-resolution observation of feedback and chemical enrichment in the circumgalactic medium at redshift z ~ 2.8
• On the Origin of High-velocity Clouds in the Galaxy
• Strength in numbers: A multiphase wind model with multiple cloud populations
• Galaxies at a Cosmic-Ray Eddington Limit
• DIISC-I: The Discovery of Kinematically Anomalous HI Clouds in M 100
• Modeling the Spectral Diversity of Quasars in the Sixteenth Data Release from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• The Circumgalactic H$\alpha$ Spectrograph (CH$\alpha$S) I. Design, Engineering, and Early Commissioning
• Probing gaseous halos of galaxies with radio jets
• Seeking Self-Regulating Simulations of Idealized Milky Way-Like Galaxies
• Distinguishing Between Photoionized and Collisionally Ionized Gas in the Circumgalactic Medium
• Baryonic Post-Processing of N-body Simulations, with Application to Fast Radio Bursts
• Probing the Halo Gas Distribution in the Inner Galaxy with Fermi Bubble Observations
• A Carbon-enhanced Lyman Limit System: Signature of the First Generation of Stars?
• The ALMA-CRISTAL survey: Extended [CII] emission in an interacting galaxy system at z ~ 5.5
• UM462, a local green pea galaxy analogue under the MUSE magnifying glass
• Chemical diversity of gas in distant galaxies: The metal and dust enrichment and variations within absorbing galaxies
• A SPectroscopic survey of biased halos In the Reionization Era (ASPIRE): JWST Discovers an Overdensity around a Metal Absorption-selected Galaxy at $z\sim 5.5$
• MUSE-ALMA Haloes IX: Morphologies and Stellar Properties of Gas-rich Galaxies
• Circumgalactic Environments around Distant Quasars 3C 9 and 4C 05.84
• A panoramic view of the circumgalactic medium in the photoionized precipitation model
• Radial X-ray profiles of simulated galaxies: Contributions from hot gas and XRBs
• Quenched, bulge-dominated, but dynamically cold galaxies in IllustrisTNG and their real-world counterparts
• Simulated [CII] in high-z galaxies
• A serendipitous discovery of HI-rich galaxy groups with MeerKAT
• Low Mass Group Environments have no Substantial Impact on the Circumgalactic Medium Metallicity
• The Lyman-alpha and Continuum Origins Survey II: the connection between the escape of ionizing radiation and Lyman-alpha halos in star-forming galaxies
• Modeling Photoionized Turbulent Material in the Circumgalactic Medium III: Effects of Co-rotation and Magnetic Fields
• Spatially Resolved Circumgalactic Medium around a Star-Forming Galaxy Driving a Galactic Outflow at $z\approx 0.8$
• CHANG-ES: XXXVI. The thin and thick radio discs
• The MAGPI survey: The interdependence of the mass, star formation rate, and metallicity in galaxies at z~0.3
• Hot Gas Outflow Properties of the Starburst Galaxy NGC 4945
• The JWST EXCELS Survey: gas-phase metallicity evolution at 2 < z < 8
• A public grid of radiative transfer simulations for Lyman-alpha and metal lines in idealised galactic outflows
• CHANG-ES XXXIV: Magnetic Field Structure in Edge-On Galaxies Characterising large-scale magnetic fields in galactic halos
• Searching for cold gas traced by MgII quasar absorbers in massive X-ray-selected galaxy clusters
• JWST Observations of Starbursts: PAHs Closely Trace the Cool Phase of M82's Galactic Wind
• Solar-Metallicity Gas in the Extended Halo of a Galaxy at $z\sim 0.12$
• Evidence for a hot galactic halo around the Andromeda Galaxy using fast radio bursts along two sightlines
• Search for extended Lyman-$\alpha$ emission around 9k quasars at z=2-3
• Metal line emission around z<1 galaxies
• Die Hard: The On-Off-Cycle of Galaxies on the Star Formation Main Sequence
• The miniJPAS Survey: Detection of double-core Lyα morphology of two high-redshift (z>3) QSOs
• Galactic breeze origin for the Fermi bubbles emission
• A Sub-solar Fe/O, logT~7.5 Gas Component Permeating the Milky Way's CGM
• MUSE Analysis of Gas around Galaxies (MAGG) -- VI. The cool and enriched gas environment of z$\gtrsim$3 Ly$\alpha$ emitters
• On the origin of the $10^7$ K hot emitting gas in the Circumgalactic medium of the Milky Way
• Galaxy and Mass Assembly (GAMA): Low-redshift Quasars and Inactive Galaxies Have Similar Neighbors
• Baryonic Ecosystem in Galaxies (BEINGMgII) -- II. Unveiling the Nature of Galaxies Harboring Cool Gas Reservoirs
• What determines the HI gas content in galaxies?: morphological dependence of the HI gas fraction across M*-SFR plane
• CO(1--0) imaging reveals 10-kiloparsec molecular gas reservoirs around star-forming galaxies at high redshift
• The ALPINE-ALMA [CII] Survey: Unveiling the baryon evolution in the ISM of $z\sim 5$ star-forming galaxies
• Upper Limits on the Mass of Cool Gas in the Circumgalactic Medium of Dwarf Galaxies
• Virgo Filaments V: Disrupting the Baryon Cycle in the NGC 5364 Galaxy Group
• Comparing the interstellar and circumgalactic origin of gas in the tails of jellyfish galaxies
• Star formation across cosmic time
• ALMACAL XIII. Evolution of the CO luminosity function and the molecular gas mass density out to $z$ ~ 6
• Pair Lines of Sight Observations of Multiphase Gas Bearing O VI in a Galaxy Environment
• The Warm Gas in the MW: the Kinematical Model of C IV and its Connection with Si IV
• Misty, patchy, and turbulent: constraining the cool circumgalactic medium with mCC
• A possible relation between global CO excitation and massive molecular outflows in local ULIRGs
• The COS-Holes Survey: Connecting Galaxy Black Hole Mass with the State of the CGM
• The Transition from Galaxy-wide Gas Inflow to Outflow in Quasar Host Galaxies
• A Global Census of Metals in the Universe
• On the Metallicities and Kinematics of the Circumgalactic Media of Damped Ly$\alpha$ Systems at $z\sim 2.5$
• CRexit: how different cosmic ray transport modes affect thermal instability in the circumgalactic medium
• Microphysics of Circumgalactic Turbulence Probed by Fast Radio Bursts and Quasars
• The hot gas distribution, X-ray luminosity and baryon budget in the L-Galaxies semi-analytic model of galaxy formation
• The effect of saturated thermal conduction on clouds in a hot plasma
• CGM cloud sizes from refractive FRB scattering
• Retrieving the hot circumgalactic medium physics from the X-ray radial profile from eROSITA with an IlustrisTNG-based forward model
• Introducing the Descriptive Parametric Model: Gaseous Profiles for Galaxies, Groups, and Clusters
• Kinematics of Circumgalactic O VI Gas and Disk Rotation of $z\approx 0.2$ Star-forming Galaxies
• The Qz5 Survey (I): How the HI Mass Density of the Universe Evolves With Cosmic Time
• The Milky Way satellite galaxy Leo T: A perturbed cored dwarf
• Large-scale geometry and topology of gas fields: Effects of AGN and stellar feedback
• KBSS-InCLOSE I: Design and First Results from the Inner CGM of QSO Line Of Sight Emitting Galaxies at z~2-3
• Kinematics of MgII Absorbers from the Redshift-space Distortion Around Massive Quiescent Galaxies
• Spatial Distribution of OVI Covering Fractions in the Simulated Circumgalactic Medium
• Galaxy cluster photons alter the ionisation state of the nearby warm-hot intergalactic medium
• Kinematics of the Local Group gas and galaxies in the Hestia simulations
• Predicting Localized Primordial Star Formation with Deep Convolutional Neural Networks
• ZFIRE: The Beginning of the End for Massive Galaxies at z ~ 2 and Why Environment Matters
• The CGM-GRB Study II: Outflow-Galaxy Connection at z ~ 2-6
• Fading in the Flow: Suppression of cold gas growth in expanding galactic outflows
• Fundamental relation in isolated galaxies, pairs, and triplets in the local universe
• Dissecting Cosmological Filaments at High Redshifts: Emergence of Spaghetti-type Flow Inside DM Haloes
• Gas accretion onto galaxies and Kelvin-Helmholtz turbulence
• A Parallel-Kinetic-Perpendicular-Moment Model for Magnetized Plasmas
• Cosmic Census: Relative Distributions of Dark Matter, Galaxies and Diffuse Gas
• Hubble Space Telescope Captures UGC~12591: Bulge/Disc Properties, Star Formation and `Missing Baryons' Census in a Very Massive and Fast Spinning Hybrid Galaxy
• MASCOT: Molecular gas depletion times and metallicity gradients -- evidence for feedback in quenching active galaxies
• Spectral reconstruction for radiation hydrodynamic simulations of galaxy evolution
• Ultra-strong MgII absorbers trace both inflowing and outflowing gas: insights from dual down-the-barrel and quasar sightlines
• Non-gaussianity of optical emission lines in SDSS star-forming galaxies and its implications on galactic outflows
• X-rays from a Central "Exhaust Vent" of the Galactic Center Chimney
• The role of magnetic fields in ram pressure stripping of satellite galaxies in the circumgalactic medium around massive galaxies
• Halo Properties from Observable Measures of Environment: I. Halo and Subhalo Masses
• Disentangling the Halo: Joint Model for Measurements of the Kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect and Galaxy-Galaxy Lensing
• Both Stellar Mass and Gravitational Potential Shape the Gas-Phase Metallicity
• QSO MUSEUM III: the circumgalactic medium in Ly$\alpha$ emission around 120 $z\sim 3$ quasars covering the SDSS parameter space. Witnessing the instantaneous AGN feedback on halo scales
• Constraining galactic baryon cycle using the galaxy stellar-to-halo mass relations
• The SAMI Survey: Evidence for dynamical coupling of ionised gas and young stellar populations
• MIGHTEE-HI: The star-forming properties of HI selected galaxies
• Physical conditions and redshift evolution of optically thin C III absorbers: Low-z sample
• CHANG-ES XXXVII. Effects of spectral aging on radio scale heights
• MASCOT -- An ESO-ARO legacy survey of molecular gas in nearby SDSS-MaNGA galaxies: I. first data release, and global and resolved relations between H_2 and stellar content
• A MeerKAT study of a neutral hydrogen rich grouping of galaxies with megaparsec-scale filamentary-like structure
• The Vertical Structure and Asymmetry of Mg ii-enriched Gas in the Milky Way Disk
• Merger Interactions Enhance Star Formation Rates in Galaxy Group Housing QSO PKS0405$-$123 and Gaseous Nebulae
• You Are What You Eat: The Circumgalactic Medium Around BreakBRD Galaxies has Low Mass and Angular Momentum
• A Deep Search for a Strong Diffuse Interstellar Band in the Circumgalactic Medium
• Can supernova from runaway stars mimic the signs of absorbing `super-virial' gas?
• Investigation of the Radial Profile of Galactic Magnetic Fields using Rotation Measure of Background Quasars
• On the baryon budget in the X-ray-emitting circumgalactic medium of Milky Way-mass galaxies
• AGN cool feedback and analogy with X-ray binaries: from radiation pressure to cosmic ray driven outflows
• The imprint of magnetic fields on absorption spectra from circumgalactic wind-cloud systems
• MARTA: The connection between chemical enrichment, feedback, and dust in a Wolf-Rayet galaxy at z$\sim$2
• ALMACAL X: Constraints on molecular gas in the low-redshift circumgalactic medium
• The Circumgalactic Medium from the CAMELS Simulations: Forecasting Constraints on Feedback Processes from Future Sunyaev-Zeldovich Observations
• Intergalactic-Absorption Confounding Circumgalactic Observations
• The Cosmic Evolution of CIV Absorbers at $1.4<z<4.5$: Insights from $100,000$ Systems in DESI Quasars
• An Observationally Driven Multifield Approach for Probing the Circum-Galactic Medium with Convolutional Neural Networks
• A New High-latitude H I Cloud Complex Entrained in the Northern Fermi Bubble
• Modelling gas around galaxy pairs and groups using the Q0107 quasar triplet
• The clustering of C IV and Si IV at the end of reionisation: A perspective from the E-XQR-30 survey
• How far have metals reached? Reconciling statistical constraints and enrichment models at reionization
• MUSEQuBES: Physical conditions, origins, and multi-element abundances of the circumgalactic medium of an isolated, star-forming dwarf galaxy at z=0.57
• CHILES X: Molecular and atomic gas at intermediate redshift
• Kinematic analysis of an Ultra-Strong MgII absorber at z~1.13 linking to Circumgalactic Gas Structures
• Soft X-ray line emission from hot gas in intervening galaxy halos and diffuse gas in the cosmic web
• Tracing ionized gas kinematics in Lyman-Break Analogs. Implications for star formation compactness and outflow properties
• The multiple coherence scales of C IV at cosmic noon
• MUSE-ALMA Haloes XIII. Molecular gas in $z\sim 0.5$ HI-selected galaxies
• ARCHITECTS I: Impact of subgrid physics on the simulated properties of the circumgalactic medium
• Identifying Circumgalactic Medium Absorption in QSO Spectra: A Bayesian Approach
• Constraining cosmic ray transport models using circumgalactic medium properties and observables
• With arms wide open: a VLT/MUSE view of the mechanisms driving unwinding spiral arms in cluster galaxies
• Magnetised CGM Gas at z~1 revealed by SPICE-RACS
• A positive correlation between broad HI Ly$\alpha$ absorptions and local overdensities of galaxies
• Prospects for constraining quasar ages with fiber spectrographs: quasar-induced Ly$\alpha$ emission from the intergalactic medium
• A New Model For Including Galactic Winds in Simulations of Galaxy Formation II: Implementation of PhEW in Cosmological Simulations
• Circumgalactic medium of quasar host galaxies at 0.4<z<0.8 probed by strong Mg II absorption
• Fast Outflowing Warm Absorbers in Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxy PG 1001+054 Revealed by HST/COS Spectra
• The Lockman-SpReSO project. Galactic flows in a sample of far-infrared galaxies
• Effect of cosmic rays and ionizing radiation on observational ultraviolet plasma diagnostics in the circumgalactic medium
• PHIBSS: Searching for Molecular Gas Outflows in Star-Forming Galaxies at $z=$ 0.5-2.6
• The large-scale distribution of ionized metals in IllustrisTNG
• Far-infrared lines hidden in archival deep multi-wavelength surveys: Limits on [CII]-158$\mu$m at $z\sim 0.3-2.9$
• Effects of Depolarizing Intervening Galaxies on Background Radio Emission I. Global Disk Magnetic Field
• Characterizing the Variable X-ray and UV-Optical Flux Behavior of Blazars
• Impact of the large-scale cosmic web on the X-ray emitting circumgalactic medium
• Multi-cloud crushing -- the collective survival of cold clouds in galactic outflows
• The AURORA Survey: Tracing Galactic Outflows at $z\gtrsim 2.5$ with JWST/NIRSpec NUV Absorption Lines
• Constraining the geometry of the gas surrounding a typical galaxy at $z=3.4$ with Ly$\alpha$ polarization
• Modeling Emission-Line Surface Brightness in a Multiphase Galactic Wind: An O VI Case Study
• Mainly on the Plane: Observing the Extended, Ionized Disks of Milky Way Analogs in IllustrisTNG
• The MUSE Ultra Deep Field (MUDF) VIII. The cool gas distribution surrounding galaxies at redshifts z ~ 0.5-2
• Detection of Anisotropies in the Circumgalactic Medium of Disk Galaxies: Supermassive Black Hole Activity or Star Formation-driven Outflows?
• A z$\sim$1 galactic-scale outflow transversally mapped to $\sim$50 kpc through gravitational-arc tomography
• Investigating the Circumgalactic Medium through Mg II absorption coincidence
• Exploring the gaseous halos of z>3 radio galaxies with UVES and JWST/NIRSpec
• The Thermodynamic and Kinematic Evolution of Circumgalactic Gas around $z=1$ in the IllustrisTNG model
• Constraints on cosmic rays in the Milky Way circumgalactic medium from OVIII observations
• Thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect at the core of CL J1226.9+3332 revealed by NOEMA
• Resolving circumgalactic gas flows around a z$\approx$3.6 quasar using MUSE and ALMA
• Implications of low neutron star merger rates for gamma-ray bursts, r-process production and Galactic double neutron stars
• Cold vs. Hot Gas Accretion and Angular Momentum in FIRE Simulations: From Halo to Galaxy Scales
• Inferring the mass of the circumgalactic medium using X-ray resonant scattering
• Constraining the Size of the Circumgalactic Medium Using the Transverse Autocorrelation Function of C IV Absorbers in Paired Quasar Spectra
• GOTO identification and broadband modelling of the counterpart to the SVOM GRB 250818B
• First statistical constraints on galactic scale outflows properties traced by their extended Mg II emission with MUSE
• Modelling the non-equilibrium chemistry of the Milky Way's cold nuclear wind
• Joint Optical-HI mock catalogues and prospects for upcoming HI surveys
• The contribution of stars, dust, neutral gas and supermassive black holes in galaxies to the cosmic baryon inventory
• The Effects of Cosmic-Ray Diffusion and Radiative Cooling on the Galactic Wind from the Milky Way
• MUSE Analysis of Gas around Galaxies (MAGG) -- VII. Emission line galaxies near strong blended Ly$\alpha$ absorption systems at $z\gtrsim 3$
• The circum-galactic medium of quasars: transverse and line-of-sight absorptions
• Post-starburst galaxies in the centers of intermediate redshift clusters
• Comparison of Global HI and H$\alpha$ Line Profiles in MaNGA Galaxy Pairs with FAST
• Baryonic Ecosystem IN Galaxies (BEINGMgII) -- III. Cool gas reservoirs at $0.3\le z\le 1.6$ in the Dark Energy Survey
• Turbulence in the intragroup and circumgalactic medium
• Metal-strong Inflows at the Outer-galactic-scale of a Quasar
• Probing possible effects of circumgalactic media on the metal content of galaxies through the mass-metallicity relationship
• Modeling Cosmological Evolution of Jetted Seyfert Galaxies for z<10
• Modeling the Accretion of High-Velocity Clouds from a Rotating Halo
• The HaloSat and PolarLight CubeSat Missions for X-ray Astrophysics
• The Baryon Budget of Galaxies across the First Billion Years
• Prospects for studying million-degree gas in the Milky Way halo using the forbidden optical [FeX] and [FeXIV] intersystem lines
• Gas flows in galaxy mergers: supersonic turbulence in bridges, accretion from the circumgalactic medium, and metallicity dilution
• Intergalactic Medium Tomography with the Sunburst Arc