The Circumgalactic Medium of Milky Way-like Galaxies in the TNG50 Simulation -- I: Halo Gas Properties and the Role of SMBH Feedback

Abstract

We analyze the physical properties of gas in the circumgalactic medium (CGM) of 132 Milky Way (MW)-like central galaxies at $z=0$ from the cosmological magneto-hydrodynamical simulation TNG50, part of the IllustrisTNG project. The properties and abundance of CGM gas across the sample are diverse, and the fractional budgets of different phases (cold, warm, and hot), as well as neutral HI mass and metal mass, vary considerably. Over our stellar mass range of $10^{10.5}<M_{\star }/{\mathrm{M}}_{\odot }<10^{10.9}$, radial profiles of gas physical properties from $0.15<R/{\mathrm{R}}_{200c}<1.0$ reveal great CGM structural complexity, with significant variations both at fixed distance around individual galaxies, and across different galaxies. CGM gas is multi-phase: the distributions of density, temperature and entropy are all multimodal, while metallicity and thermal pressure distributions are unimodal; all are broad. We present predictions for magnetic fields in MW-like halos: a median field strength of $|B|\sim 1\mu$G in the inner halo decreases rapidly at larger distance, while magnetic pressure dominates over thermal pressure only within $\sim 0.2\times {\mathrm{R}}_{200c}$. Virial temperature gas at $\sim 10^6$K coexists with a sub-dominant cool, $<10^5$K component in approximate pressure equilibrium. Finally, the physical properties of the CGM are tightly connected to the galactic star formation rate, in turn dependent on feedback from supermassive black holes (SMBHs). In TNG50, we find that energy from SMBH-driven kinetic winds generates high-velocity outflows ($\gtrsim 500-2000$ km/s), heats gas to super-virial temperatures ($>10^{6.5-7}$ K), and regulates the net balance of inflows versus outflows in otherwise quasi-static gaseous halos.

arXiv commentMinor typos fixed. Additional visuals at www.tng-project.org/ramesh22!

References in corpus (130)

• Planck 2015 results. XIII. Cosmological parameters
• Populating a cluster of galaxies - I. Results at z=0
• E pur si muove: Galiliean-invariant cosmological hydrodynamical simulations on a moving mesh
• Cosmological SPH simulations: A hybrid multi-phase model for star formation
• Introducing the Illustris Project: Simulating the coevolution of dark and visible matter in the Universe
• Collisional Plasma Models with APEC/APED: Emission Line Diagnostics of Hydrogen-like and Helium-like Ions
• Simulating Galaxy Formation with the IllustrisTNG Model
• First results from the IllustrisTNG simulations: matter and galaxy clustering
• First results from the IllustrisTNG simulations: the stellar mass content of groups and clusters of galaxies
• First results from the IllustrisTNG simulations: the galaxy color bimodality
• Properties of galaxies reproduced by a hydrodynamic simulation
• First results from the IllustrisTNG simulations: A tale of two elements -- chemical evolution of magnesium and europium
• Simulating galaxy formation with black hole driven thermal and kinetic feedback
• GIZMO: A New Class of Accurate, Mesh-Free Hydrodynamic Simulation Methods
• The Circumgalactic Medium
• Introducing the Illustris Project: the evolution of galaxy populations across cosmic time
• Giant Gamma-ray Bubbles from Fermi-LAT: AGN Activity or Bipolar Galactic Wind?
• First Results from the TNG50 Simulation: Galactic outflows driven by supernovae and black hole feedback
• First Results from the TNG50 Simulation: The evolution of stellar and gaseous disks across cosmic time
• Mass models of the Milky Way
• A New Calculation of the Ionizing Background Spectrum and the Effects of HeII Reionization
• The Illustris simulation: the evolving population of black holes across cosmic time
• Diffuse continuum gamma rays from the Galaxy
• On the evolution of the HI column density distribution in cosmological simulations
• Gaseous Galaxy Halos
• Thermal Instability & the Feedback Regulation of Hot Halos in Clusters, Groups, and Galaxies
• A Budget and Accounting of Metals at z~0: Results from the COS-Halos Survey
• The star-formation activity of IllustrisTNG galaxies: main sequence, UVJ diagram, quenched fractions, and systematics
• The low density and magnetization of a massive galaxy halo exposed by a fast radio burst
• A huge reservoir of ionized gas around the Milky Way: Accounting for the Missing Mass?
• The COS-Halos Survey: Metallicities in the Low-Redshift Circumgalactic Medium
• Characterizing the Circumgalactic Medium of Nearby Galaxies with HST/COS and HST/STIS Absorption-Line Spectroscopy
• Quasar Quartet Embedded in Giant Nebula Reveals Rare Massive Structure in Distant Universe
• Constraining the Milky Way's Hot Gas Halo with OVII and OVII Emission Lines
• Figuring Out Gas & Galaxies in Enzo (FOGGIE). I. Resolving Simulated Circumgalactic Absorption at 2 < z < 2.5
• The Parkes HI Survey of the Magellanic System
• Detection of large-scale X-ray bubbles in the Milky Way halo
• Environmental Dependence of the Kennicutt-Schmidt Relation in Galaxies
• Magnetized Gas Clouds can Survive Acceleration by a Hot Wind
• A Global Model For Circumgalactic and Cluster-Core Precipitation
• The relationship between black hole mass and galaxy properties: Examining the black hole feedback model in IllustrisTNG
• The GALFA-HI Survey: Data Release 1
• The COS-Halos Survey: Origins of the Highly Ionized Circumgalactic Medium of Star-Forming Galaxies
• The Origins of the Circumgalactic Medium in the FIRE Simulations
• The abundance, distribution, and physical nature of highly ionized oxygen OVI, OVII, and OVIII in IllustrisTNG
• Ejective and preventative: the IllustrisTNG black hole feedback and its effects on the thermodynamics of the gas within and around galaxies
• But What About... Cosmic Rays, Magnetic Fields, Conduction, & Viscosity in Galaxy Formation
• Resolving small-scale cold circumgalactic gas in TNG50
• H_alpha Emission from High-Velocity Clouds and their Distances
• The Impact of Star Formation Feedback on the Circumgalactic Medium
• The quenching and morphological evolution of central galaxies is facilitated by the feedback-driven expulsion of circumgalactic gas
• Magnetic fields in cosmological simulations of disk galaxies
• Properties of the Circumgalactic Medium in Cosmic Ray-Dominated Galaxy Halos
• How cold gas continuously entrains mass and momentum from a hot wind
• The impact of feedback on cosmological gas accretion
• Unifying X-ray Scaling Relations from Galaxies to Clusters
• Probing the missing baryons with the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect from filaments
• The Physical Nature of Starburst-Driven Galactic Outflows
• Seeding the formation of cold gaseous clouds in Milky Way size halos
• Massive Warm/Hot Galaxy Coronae as Probed by UV/X-ray Oxygen Absorption and Emission: I - Basic Model
• Jellyfish galaxies with the IllustrisTNG simulations: I. Gas-stripping phenomena in the full cosmological context
• Ram Pressure Stripping of the Large Magellanic Cloud's Disk as a Probe of the Milky Way's Circumgalactic Medium
• The Role of Cosmic Ray Transport in Shaping the Simulated Circumgalactic Medium
• Interaction of a cold cloud with a hot wind: the regimes of cloud growth and destruction and the impact of magnetic fields
• Hot X-ray coronae around massive spiral galaxies: a unique probe of structure formation models
• The MASSIVE Survey IV.: The X-ray halos of the most massive early-type galaxies in the nearby Universe
• On the Survival of Cool Clouds in the Circum-Galactic Medium
• Suzaku observations of the diffuse x-ray emission across the fermi bubbles' edges
• A Universal Density Structure for Circum-Galactic Gas
• Probing the Fermi Bubbles in Ultraviolet Absorption: A Spectroscopic Signature of the Milky Way's Biconical Nuclear Outflow
• MApping the Most Massive Overdensities (MAMMOTH) II -- Discovery of an Extremely Massive Overdensity BOSS1441 at $z=2.32$
• On the Hot Gas Content of the Milky Way Halo
• Predictions for the Angular Dependence of Gas Mass Flow Rate and Metallicity in the Circumgalactic Medium
• Cooling flow solutions for the circumgalactic medium
• The effect of magnetic fields on properties of the circumgalactic medium
• The Impact of Cosmic Rays on Thermal Instability in the Circumgalactic Medium
• Gas Condensation in the Galactic Halo
• The Large-scale Distribution of Cool Gas around Luminous Red Galaxies
• Nuclear Outflow of the Milky Way: Studying the Kinematics and Spatial Extent of the Northern Fermi Bubble
• X-ray bubbles in the circumgalactic medium of TNG50 Milky Way- and M31-like galaxies: signposts of supermassive black hole activity
• The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey XIII. Spatially resolved spectral properties of Lyman alpha haloes around star-forming galaxies at z > 3
• The large-scale properties of simulated cosmological magnetic fields
• Project AMIGA: The Circumgalactic Medium of Andromeda
• The Rotation of the Hot Gas Around the Milky Way
• Blowing in the Milky Way wind: neutral hydrogen clouds tracing the Galactic nuclear outflow
• Magnetising the circumgalactic medium of disk galaxies
• The abundance of satellites around Milky Way- and M31-like galaxies with the TNG50 simulation: a matter of diversity
• Feedback from supermassive black holes transforms centrals into passive galaxies by ejecting circumgalactic gas
• The ALMA Spectroscopic Survey in the HUDF: the molecular gas content of galaxies and tensions with IllustrisTNG and the Santa Cruz SAM
• The COS Absorption Survey of Baryon Harbors (CASBaH): Warm-hot Circumgalactic Gas Reservoirs Traced by Ne VIII Absorption
• Detection of a luminous hot X-ray corona around the massive spiral galaxy NGC266
• Deviations from hydrostatic equilibrium in the circumgalactic medium: spinning hot haloes and accelerating flows
• X-ray Signatures of Black Hole Feedback: Hot Galactic Atmospheres in IllustrisTNG and X-ray Observations
• The Origin of the Hot Gas in the Galactic Halo: Confronting Models with XMM-Newton Observations
• First results from SMAUG: Uncovering the Origin of the Multiphase Circumgalactic Medium with a Comparative Analysis of Idealized and Cosmological Simulations
• Massive Warm/Hot Galaxy Coronae: II. Isentropic Model
• Characterizing Circumgalactic Gas around Massive Ellipticals at z ~ 0.4 I. Initial Results
• The physical origins and dominant emission mechanisms of Lyman-alpha halos: results from the TNG50 simulation in comparison to MUSE observations
• A disk-dominated and clumpy circumgalactic medium of the Milky Way seen in X-ray emission
• The High Velocity Gas toward Messier 5: Tracing Feedback Flows in the Inner Galaxy
• A Distant Echo of Milky Way Central Activity closes the Galaxy's Baryon Census
• Cold gas in the Milky Way's nuclear wind
• The merger and assembly histories of Milky Way- and M31-like galaxies with TNG50: disk survival through mergers
• How Do Supernovae Impact the Circumgalactic Medium? I. Large-Scale Fountains Around a Milky Way-Like Galaxy
• The impact of magnetic fields on cold streams feeding galaxies
• The Origin and Distribution of Cold Gas in the Halo of a Milky Way-Mass Galaxy
• Figuring Out Gas & Galaxies in Enzo (FOGGIE). II. Emission from the z=3 Circumgalactic Medium
• A New Method to Quantify Environment and Model Ram-Pressure Stripping in N-Body Simulations
• Predictions for anisotropic X-ray signatures in the circumgalactic medium: imprints of supermassive black hole driven outflows
• Correlations between supermassive black holes and hot gas atmospheres in IllustrisTNG and X-ray observations
• The Nature of Ionized Gas in the Milky Way Galactic Fountain
• Properties of the ionized CGM and IGM: a comparison of galaxy formation models via the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect
• Magnetic Fields on FIRE: Comparing B-fields in the multiphase ISM and CGM of Simulated L${}_{\ast }$ Galaxies to Observations
• Metals in the circumgalactic medium are out of ionization equilibrium due to fluctuating active galactic nuclei
• Not So Heavy Metals: Black Hole Feedback Enriches The Circumgalactic Medium
• The morphology and kinematics of the gaseous circumgalactic medium of Milky Way mass galaxies -- II. comparison of IllustrisTNG and Illustris simulation results
• Mapping Outflowing Gas in the Fermi Bubbles: a UV Absorption Survey of the Galactic Nuclear Wind
• Thermal Instability in the CGM of $L_{\star }$ Galaxies: Testing "Precipitation" Models with the FIRE Simulations
• The Milky Way's Hot Gas Kinematics: Signatures in Current and Future OVII Absorption Line Observations
• Diffuse coronae in cosmological simulations of Milky Way-sized galaxies
• CR Driven Multi-phase Gas Formed via Thermal Instability
• The diversity of the circumgalactic medium around z = 0 Milky Way-mass galaxies from the Auriga simulations
• Cooling flows around cold clouds in the circumgalactic medium: steady-state models & comparison with TNG50
• The warm Gaseous Disk and the Anisotropic Circumgalactic Medium of the Milky Way
• Cold and Hot gas distribution around the Milky-Way-M31 system in the HESTIA simulations
• The Warm Gas in the MW: A Kinematical Model
• A High-Metallicity High Velocity Cloud along the MRK 421 Sight Line: A Tracer of Complex M?
• Spatially Resolved Gas Flows Around the Milky Way
• XMM-Newton Large Program on SN1006 - II: Thermal Emission
• The Warm Gas in the MW: the Kinematical Model of C IV and its Connection with Si IV

Cited by in corpus (26)

• Feedback reshapes the baryon distribution within haloes, in halo outskirts, and beyond: the closure radius from dwarfs to massive clusters
• MHONGOOSE -- A MeerKAT Nearby Galaxy HI Survey
• Satellites of Milky Way- and M31-like galaxies with TNG50: quenched fractions, gas content, and star formation histories
• The Circumgalactic Medium of Milky Way-like Galaxies in the TNG50 Simulation -- II: Cold, Dense Gas Clouds and High-Velocity Cloud Analogs
• Arkenstone I: A Novel Method for Robustly Capturing High Specific Energy Outflows In Cosmological Simulations
• Metal line emission from galaxy haloes at z~1
• X-ray metal line emission from the hot circumgalactic medium: probing the effects of supermassive black hole feedback
• The hot circumgalactic media of massive cluster satellites in the TNG-Cluster simulation: existence and detectability
• The cosmic web in Lyman-alpha emission
• Resonant scattering of the OVII X-ray emission line in the circumgalactic medium of TNG50 galaxies
• On the origin of star formation quenching in massive galaxies at $z\gtrsim 3$ in the cosmological simulations IllustrisTNG
• Possible origins of anomalous HI gas around MHONGOOSE galaxy, NGC 5068
• HI within and around observed and simulated galaxy discs -- Comparing MeerKAT observations with mock data from TNG50 and FIRE-2
• Disk flaring with TNG50: diversity across Milky Way and M31 analogs
• Zooming in on the Circumgalactic Medium with GIBLE: the Topology and Draping of Magnetic Fields around Cold Clouds
• The cooler past of the intracluster medium in TNG-Cluster
• Searching for HI around MHONGOOSE Galaxies via Spectral Stacking
• Multiphase condensation in cluster halos: interplay of cooling, buoyancy and mixing
• Zooming in on the Circumgalactic Medium with GIBLE: Tracing the Origin and Evolution of Cold Clouds
• FEASTS Combined with Interferometry. III. The Low Column Density HI Around M51 and Possibility of Turbulent-mixing Gas Accretion
• Comparing the interstellar and circumgalactic origin of gas in the tails of jellyfish galaxies
• IllustrisTNG + Cosmic Rays with a Simple Transport Model: From Dwarfs to L${}^{\star }$ Galaxies
• Tracing the cosmological origin of gas that fuels in situ star formation in TNG50 galaxies
• On the baryon budget in the X-ray-emitting circumgalactic medium of Milky Way-mass galaxies
• Mainly on the Plane: Observing the Extended, Ionized Disks of Milky Way Analogs in IllustrisTNG
• The role of magnetic fields in shaping $\gamma$-ray emission from the Fermi bubbles