Event-by-event generation of electromagnetic fields in heavy-ion collisions

Abstract

We compute the electromagnetic fields generated in heavy-ion collisions by using the HIJING model. Although after averaging over many events only the magnetic field perpendicular to the reaction plane is sizable, we find very strong magnetic and electric fields both parallel and perpendicular to the reaction plane on the event-by-event basis. We study the time evolution and the spatial distribution of these fields. Especially, the electromagnetic response of the quark-gluon plasma can give non-trivial evolution of the electromagnetic fields. The implications of the strong electromagnetic fields on the hadronic observables are also discussed.

v1: 16 pages, 7 figures. v2: typos corrected, 2 new figures added, discussion in Sec.IV extended, matches published version

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• Chiral condensates and screening masses of neutral pseudoscalar mesons from lattice QCD at physical quark masses
• Chiral magnetic effect in isobaric collisions
• Diquark and nucleons under strong magnetic fields in the NJL model
• The impact of domain walls on the chiral magnetic effect in hot QCD matter
• First measurement of prompt and non-prompt ${\mathrm{D}}^{\ast +}$ vector meson spin alignment in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV
• Monopole-antimonopole pair production by magnetic fields
• Recent developments in chiral and spin polarization effects in heavy-ion collisions
• Magneto-rotational dissociation of heavy hadrons in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Quantum color screening in external magnetic field
• Open bottom mesons in magnetized matter -- effects of (inverse) magnetic catalysis
• Dynamic scale anomalous transport in QCD with electromagnetic background
• Shear viscosity coefficient of magnetized QCD medium near chiral phase transition
• Electric and magnetic conductivities in magnetized fermion systems
• Nonequilibrium axial charge production in expanding glasma flux tubes
• Anisotropic charge transport in strongly magnetized relativistic matter
• Circularly polarized photon emission from magnetized chiral plasmas
• Modification of $Z^0$ leptonic invariant mass in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions as a measure of the electromagnetic field
• Magnetic field effects in peripheral heavy-ion collisions around 1 GeV/nucleon
• Mesons in strong magnetic fields: (I) General analyses
• Anisotropic pressure in the quark core of a strongly magnetized hybrid star
• Anomalous plasma: chiral magnetic effect and all that
• Interplay of magnetic field and chemical potential induced anisotropy and frame dependent chaos of a $Q\bar{Q}$ pair in holographic QCD
• Quark and Gluon Production from a Boost-invariantly Expanding Color Electric Field
• Macroscopic transports in a rotational system with an electromagnetic field
• Generalization of Bantilan-Ishi-Romatschke flow to Magnetohydrodynamics
• Difference between signal and background of the chiral magnetic effect relative to spectator and participant planes in isobar collisions at $\sqrt{s_{{}_{\mathrm{NN}}}}=200$ GeV
• The electromagnetic field effects in in-out and in-in formalisms
• Effect of anomalous magnetic moment on the chiral transition at zero temperature in a strong magnetic field
• Probing the Chiral Magnetic Wave with charge-dependent flow measurements in Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC
• Quark matter under strong electric fields in the Linear Sigma Model coupled with quarks
• Magnetic field induced hair structure in charmonium gluon-dissociation
• Exploring Spin Polarization of Heavy Quarks in Magnetic Fields and Hot Medium
• Landau quantization and spin polarization of cold magnetized quark matter
• Neutral pion mass in warm magnetized medium within Linear Sigma Model coupled to Quarks $\left({\text{LSM}}_q\right)$ framework
• Elliptic flow due to radiation in heavy-ion collisions
• Thermoelectric Thomson coefficient of quark-gluon plasma in the presence of a time-varying magnetic field
• Relativistic dynamics of charmonia in strong magnetic fields
• Deconfinement in the presence of a strong magnetic field
• Scalar bosons in Bonnor-Melvin-$\Lambda$ universe: Exact solution, Landau levels and Coulomb-like potential
• Photon and dilepton emission anisotropy for a magnetized quark-gluon plasma
• Transverse expansion of hot magnetized Bjorken flow in heavy ion collisions
• Thermodynamics of Chiral Fermion System in a Uniform Magnetic Field
• Chiral symmetry breaking in a semi-localized magnetic field
• Steady electric currents in magnetized QCD and their use for the equation of state
• Necessity of selfconsistent calculations for the electromagnetic field in probing the nuclear symmetry energy using pion observables in heavy-ion collisions
• External magnetic field induced paramagnetic squeezing effect in heavy-ion collisions at the LHC
• Probing the topological charge in QCD matter via multiplicity up-down asymmetry
• An Augmented QCD Phase Portrait: Mapping Quark-Hadron Deconfinement for Hot, Dense, Rotating Matter under Magnetic Field
• Quantum analysis of fluctuations of electromagnetic fields in heavy-ion collisions
• Event-by-event correlations between $\Lambda$ ($\bar{\Lambda }$) hyperon global polarization and handedness with charged hadron azimuthal separation in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\text{NN}}}=27\text{ GeV}$ from STAR
• Self-consistent thermodynamic potential for magnetized QCD matter
• Magnetic field in nuclear collisions at ultra high energies
• Effect of electromagnetic fields on deformed AdS_5 models
• Thermomagnetic effects on light pseudo-scalar meson masses within the SU(3) Nambu-Jona--Lasinio model
• Dynamic Universality Class of Model H with Frustrated Diffusion: $\epsilon$-Expansion
• Electromagnetic Field Produced in High Energy Small Collision System within Charge Density Models of Nucleon
• Darker and brighter branes: Suppression and enhancement of photon production in a strongly coupled magnetized plasma
• Study of the Roberge-Weiss phase caused by external uniform classical electric field using lattice QCD approach
• Search for the chiral magnetic effect through beam energy dependence of charge separation using event shape selection
• Decay of Resonaces in Strong Magnetic Field
• Scalar boson emission from a magnetized relativistic plasma
• Experimental review on the chiral magnetic effect in relativistic heavy ion collisions
• Study of the effects of external imaginary electric field and chiral chemical potential on quark matter
• Kramers-Krönig approach to the electric permittivity of the vacuum in a strong constant electric field
• Chiral Properties of $(2+1)$-Flavor QCD in Magnetic Fields at Zero Temperature
• How Does the Quark-Gluon Plasma Know the Collision Energy?
• Neural Unfolding of the Chiral Magnetic Effect in Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Accelerating longitudinal expansion of resistive relativistic-magneto-hydrodynamics in heavy ion collisions
• Color-electric conductivity in a viscous quark-gluon plasma
• Investigating event-shape methods in the search for the chiral magnetic effect in relativistic heavy ion collisions
• Influence of the chiral magnetic effect on particle-pair elliptic anisotropy
• Quark anomalous magnetic moment in an extreme magnetic background from perturbative QCD
• Dimensional reduction and the generalized pion in a magnetic field within the NJL model
• Axial inverse magnetic catalysis
• Photoproduction of lepton pair in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Field Theories Without a Holographic Dual
• Manipulating strong electromagnetic fields with the average transverse momentum of relativistic nuclear collisions
• Investigate the $\Lambda$ and $\bar{\Lambda }$ polarization splitting effect with combined mechanisms
• Re-examining the premise of isobaric collisions and a novel method to measure the chiral magnetic effect
• Search for Axion(-like) Particles in Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Order-by-order Anisotropic Transport Coefficients of a Magnetised Fluid: a Chapman-Enskog Approach
• Light charged pion in ultra-strong magnetic field
• Turning up and down strong magnetic fields in relativistic nuclear collisions
• Effect of giant resonances on fluctuations of electromagnetic fields in heavy ion collisions
• The Effect of Vorticity on QGP Thermodynamics
• Left-right splitting of elliptic flow due to directed flow in heavy ion collisions
• Dilepton photoproduction measures the fluctuations of initial electromagnetic fields in nuclear collisions
• Correlation of density fluctuation in a magnetized QCD matter near the critical end point
• The effect of electric and chiral magnetic conductivities on azimuthally fluctuating electromagnetic fields and observables in isobar collisions
• Nuclear deformation effects in photoproduction of $\rho$ mesons in ultraperipheral isobaric collisions
• On The Existence of a Holographic Description of the LHC Quark-Gluon Plasmas
• Charged scalars at finite electric field and temperature in the optimized perturbation theory
• Localized Chiral Magnetic Effect in equilibrium QCD
• Photon polarization tensor at finite temperature and density in a magnetic field
• Dynamical Electromagnetic fields and Dynamical Electromagnetic Anomaly in heavy ion collisions at intermediate energies
• Thermal Field Theory in the Presence of a Background Magnetic Field and its Application to QCD
• Probing Quarkonium Diffusion in a Magnetized Quark-Gluon Plasma
• Deconfinement Phase Transition with External Magnetic Field in Friedberg-Lee Model
• Effect of chiral imbalance on the electrical conductivity of hot and dense quark matter using Green-Kubo Method within the 2-flavour gauged NJL model
• Phonon spectrum of QCD vacuum in magnetic-field-induced superconducting phase
• Continuous evolution of electromagnetic field in heavy-ion collisions
• Meson masses in external magnetic fields with HISQ fermions
• Effects of an induced electric field on π^{-}/π^{+} ratio in heavy-ion collisions
• Horizon universality and anomalous conductivities
• Lepton pair production in ultra-peripheral collisions
• Directed flow of D and B mesons in an electrically and chirally conductive QGP at LHC energies
• In-in worldline formalism in pair creating fields
• Quarks to Cosmos: Particles and Plasma in Cosmological evolution
• A new method to clarify contribution of chiral magnetic effect in small collision system $p^{\uparrow }+A$ involving a transversely polarized proton
• Anomalous Transport Properties of Dense QCD in a Magnetic Field
• Phenomenology of anomalous chiral transports in heavy-ion collisions
• Quark condensate and magnetic moment in a strong magnetic field
• Quark matter phase diagram under the influence of strong magnetic fields with a nonlocal chiral model
• Gauge independence of pion masses in a magnetic field within the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model
• Fluctuations of electromagnetic fields in heavy ion collisions
• Jet Quenching in The Most Vortical Fluid: A Holographic Approach
• World-line formulation of chiral kinetic theory in topological background gauge fields
• Dynamic Magnetic Response of Quark-Gluon Plasma to Electromagnetic Fields
• Fluid Acceleration in Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Influence of the residual magnetic field on the azimuthal distribution of final-state particles in photon-nuclear processes
• Chiral electric field in relativistic heavy-ion collisions at energies available at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
• Chiral Symmetry Breaking and Pion Decay in a Magnetic Field
• Background field and time dependence effects in holographic models
• Factorization of photon induced processes in ultra-peripheral heavy ion collisions
• Charmonium in electromagnetic and vortical fields
• Chiral Symmetry Restoration and Deconfinement in the Contact Interaction Model of Quarks with a Parallel Electric and Magnetic Fields
• Electromagnetic anomaly in the presence of electric and chiral magnetic conductivities in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Shear Viscosity of hadronic matter at finite temperature and magnetic field
• Is it possible to create a quantum electromagnetic "black hole" at the Large Hadron Collider?
• Holographic deconfined QGP phase diagram and entropy with an anomalous flow in a magnetic field background
• Spin contribution to the dissociation of bound states in rotating medium in magnetic field
• Particle yields in heavy ion collisions and the influence of strong magnetic fields
• Quarkonium spectra with magnetically induced anisotropic confinement
• Rotating synchrotron radiation: Photon emission from magnetized and rotating quark-gluon plasma
• The Static Heavy Quark-Antiquark Potential within String Theory in Arbitrary Stationary Backgrounds
• Applying Deep Learning Technique to Chiral Magnetic Wave Search
• Photon emission from weakly magnetized neutral pions
• Absence of charged pion condensation in a magnetic field with parallel rotation
• Polarized tau decay and CP violation in ultraperipheral heavy-ion collisions
• Stationary States for Fermions in an External Electric Field
• Review of heat and charge transport in strongly magnetized relativistic plasmas
• Holography in Quark-Gluon Plasma and Neutron Stars
• Magnetodynamic Characteristics and QGP Energy Dissipation in RMHD Framework with Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions