Experimental review on the chiral magnetic effect in relativistic heavy ion collisions
arXiv:2511.07358 · doi:10.1140/epjs/s11734-026-02225-x
Abstract
The chiral magnetic effect (CME) refers to a predicted phenomena in quantum chromodynamics that manifests as a charge separation along an external magnetic field, driven by an imbalance of quark chirality. Searches for the CME has been carried out by azimuthal particle correlations in relativistic heavy ion collisions where such a chirality imbalance is anticipated and a strong magnetic field is created in the initial stage. No conclusive experimental evidence on the CME has been established so far because of large background contributions to azimuthal correlation observables. We review the status of the experimental search for the CME, covering the observables used, the techniques to mitigate backgrounds, and the strengths and limitations of various experimental approaches, and outline a future prospect of the CME search in high-energy nuclear collisions.
29 pages, 12 figures, 2 tables. Invited review for European Physical Journal Special Topics "Exploring Dense Nuclear Matter. Guest editors: Subhasis Chattopadhyay, Peter Senger"
References in corpus (38)
- The Chiral Magnetic Effect
- Chiral Magnetic Wave
- Chiral Magnetic conductivity
- Beam-energy dependence of charge separation along the magnetic field in Au+Au collisions at RHIC
- Charge conservation in RHIC and contributiuons to local parity violation observables
- Effect of flow fluctuations and nonflow on elliptic flow methods
- Novel quantum phenomena induced by strong magnetic fields in heavy-ion collisions
- Observation of charge-dependent azimuthal correlations in pPb collisions and its implication for the search for the chiral magnetic effect
- Testing the Chiral Magnetic Effect with Central U+U collisions
- Properties of the QCD Matter -- An Experimental Review of Selected Results from RHIC BES Program
- Azimuthal correlations from transverse momentum conservation and possible local parity violation
- Observation of charge asymmetry dependence of pion elliptic flow and the possible chiral magnetic wave in heavy-ion collisions
- Chiral magnetic effect reveals the topology of gauge fields in heavy-ion collisions
- Test the chiral magnetic effect with isobaric collisions
- Experimental searches for the chiral magnetic effect in heavy-ion collisions
- Determine the neutron skin type by relativistic isobaric collisions
- On the Charge Separation Effect in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions
- A new method for the experimental study of topological effects in the quark-gluon plasma
- Charge Fluctuations from the Chiral Magnetic Effect in Nuclear Collisions
- Properties of the QCD Matter: A Review of Selected Results from the ALICE Experiment
- Momentum conservation and correlation analyses in heavy-ion collisions at ultrarelativistic energies
- Chiral Magnetic Effect in Heavy Ion Collisions: The Present and Future
- Dynamical magnetic fields in heavy-ion collisions
- Two- and three-particle nonflow contributions to the chiral magnetic effect measurement by spectator and participant planes in relativistic heavy ion collisions
- Revisit the Chiral Magnetic Effect Expectation in Isobaric Collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
- Search for the Chiral Magnetic Effect in Au+Au collisions at GeV with the STAR forward Event Plane Detectors
- Medium-modified Jets and Initial State Fluctuations as Sources of Charge Correlations Measured at RHIC
- Investigating Local Parity Violation in Heavy-Ion Collisions Using Lambda Helicity
- Event Shape Selection Method in Search of the Chiral Magnetic Effect in Heavy-ion Collisions
- Upper Limit on the Chiral Magnetic Effect in Isobar Collisions at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider
- Estimate of Background Baseline and Upper Limit on the Chiral Magnetic Effect in Isobar Collisions at GeV at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider
- Complications in the interpretation of the charge asymmetry dependent flow for the chiral magnetic wave
- Search for the Chiral Magnetic Effect with charge-dependent azimuthal correlations in Xe-Xe collisions at TeV
- Search for the chiral magnetic wave using anisotropic flow of identified particles at RHIC
- Review of nonflow estimation methods and uncertainties in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
- Decipher the correlator in search for the chiral magnetic effect in relativistic heavy ion collisions
- Influence of the chiral magnetic effect on particle-pair elliptic anisotropy
- Investigating event-shape methods in the search for the chiral magnetic effect in relativistic heavy ion collisions