Measurement of Charge Multiplicity Asymmetry Correlations in High Energy Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions at 200 GeV

Abstract

A study is reported of the same- and opposite-sign charge-dependent azimuthal correlations with respect to the event plane in Au+Au collisions at 200 GeV. The charge multiplicity asymmetries between the up/down and left/right hemispheres relative to the event plane are utilized. The contributions from statistical fluctuations and detector effects were subtracted from the (co-)variance of the observed charge multiplicity asymmetries. In the mid- to most-central collisions, the same- (opposite-) sign pairs are preferentially emitted in back-to-back (aligned on the same-side) directions. The charge separation across the event plane, measured by the difference, $\Delta$, between the like- and unlike-sign up/down $-$ left/right correlations, is largest near the event plane. The difference is found to be proportional to the event-by-event final-state particle ellipticity (via the observed second-order harmonic $v_2^{\mathrm{obs}}$), where $\Delta =(1.3\pm 1.4(\mathrm{stat}{)}_{-1.0}^{+4.0}(\mathrm{syst}))\times 10^{-5}+(3.2\pm 0.2(\mathrm{stat}{)}_{-0.3}^{+0.4}(\mathrm{syst}))\times 10^{-3}{v}_2^{\mathrm{obs}}$ for 20-40% Au+Au collisions. The implications for the proposed chiral magnetic effect are discussed.

27 pages, 25 figures, 2 tables

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