Search for the Chiral Magnetic Effect in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions

Abstract

Relativistic heavy-ion collisions provide an ideal environment to study the emergent phenomena in quantum chromodynamics (QCD). The chiral magnetic effect (CME) is one of the most interesting, arising from the topological charge fluctuations of QCD vacua, immersed in a strong magnetic field. Since the first measurement nearly a decade ago of the possibly CME-induced charge correlation, extensive studies have been devoted to background contributions to those measurements. Many new ideas and techniques have been developed to reduce or eliminate the backgrounds. This article reviews these developments and the overall progress in the search for the CME.

37 pages, 25 figures, invited review by International Journal of Modern Physics A

References in corpus (23)

• Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis
• The Chiral Magnetic Effect
• Glauber Modeling in High Energy Nuclear Collisions
• Beam-energy dependence of charge separation along the magnetic field in Au+Au collisions at RHIC
• Charge conservation in RHIC and contributiuons to local parity violation observables
• Eccentricity fluctuations from the Color Glass Condensate at RHIC and LHC
• Observation of charge-dependent azimuthal correlations in pPb collisions and its implication for the search for the chiral magnetic effect
• Testing the Chiral Magnetic Effect with Central U+U collisions
• Azimuthal correlations from transverse momentum conservation and possible local parity violation
• Test the chiral magnetic effect with isobaric collisions
• Constraining the magnitude of the Chiral Magnetic Effect with Event Shape Engineering in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 2.76$ TeV
• Importance of isobar density distributions on the chiral magnetic effect search
• A new method for the experimental study of topological effects in the quark-gluon plasma
• Charge Fluctuations from the Chiral Magnetic Effect in Nuclear Collisions
• Chiral kinetic approach to the chiral magnetic effect in isobaric collisions
• Charge-dependent directed flow in Cu+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{{}_{NN}}}$ = 200 GeV
• Examination of the observability of a chiral magnetically-driven charge-separation difference in collisions of the ${}_{44}^{96}\mathrm{Ru}+{}_{44}^{96}\mathrm{Ru}$ and ${}_{40}^{96}\mathrm{Zr}+{}_{40}^{96}\mathrm{Zr}$ isobars at energies available at RHIC
• Nuclear Zemach Moments and Finite-Size Corrections to Allowed Beta Decay
• Charge separation with fluctuating domains in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Responses of the chiral-magnetic-effect-sensitive sine observable to resonance backgrounds in heavy-ion collisions
• Azimuthal angle dependence of the charge imbalance from charge conservation effects
• The effect of the fluctuating proton size on the study of chiral magnetic effect in proton-nucleus collisions
• Chiral magnetic effect search in p+Au, d+Au and Au+Au collisions at RHIC

Cited by in corpus (16)

• Experimental searches for the chiral magnetic effect in heavy-ion collisions
• Varying the chiral magnetic effect relative to flow in a single nucleus-nucleus collision
• Charge-dependent pair correlations relative to a third particle in $p$+Au and $d$+Au collisions at RHIC
• Multi-phase transport model predictions of isobaric collisions with nuclear structures from density functional theory
• Measurements of the chiral magnetic effect with background isolation in 200 GeV Au+Au collisions at STAR
• Pair invariant mass to isolate background in the search for the chiral magnetic effect in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{{}_{\mathrm{NN}}}}$= 200 GeV
• Responses of the chiral-magnetic-effect-sensitive sine observable to resonance backgrounds in heavy-ion collisions
• HIJING can describe the anisotropy-scaled charge-dependent correlations at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
• Search for CME in U+U and Au+Au collisions in STAR with different approaches of handling backgrounds
• A novel invariant mass method to isolate resonance backgrounds from the chiral magnetic effect
• Generalization of Bantilan-Ishi-Romatschke flow to Magnetohydrodynamics
• An extended $R_{{\Psi }_m}^{(2)}(\Delta S_2)$ correlator for detecting and characterizing the Chiral Magnetic Wave
• Experimental review on the chiral magnetic effect in relativistic heavy ion collisions
• Investigating event-shape methods in the search for the chiral magnetic effect in relativistic heavy ion collisions
• Re-examining the premise of isobaric collisions and a novel method to measure the chiral magnetic effect
• Back-to-back relative-excess observable in search for the chiral magnetic effect