Probing the neutron skin with ultrarelativistic isobaric collisions

Abstract

Particle production in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions depends on the details of the nucleon density distributions in the colliding nuclei. We demonstrate that the charged hadron multiplicity distributions in isobaric collisions at ultrarelativistic energies provide a novel approach to determine the poorly known neutron density distributions and thus the neutron skin thickness in finite nuclei, which can in turn put stringent constraints on the nuclear symmetry energy.

arXiv comment6 pages, 4 figures, published version

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• Imaging the initial condition of heavy-ion collisions and nuclear structure across the nuclide chart
• Constraints on the Symmetry Energy from PREX-II in the Multimessenger Era
• Accessing the shape of atomic nuclei with relativistic collisions of isobars
• Polarized QED cascades
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• Probing nuclear structure with mean transverse momentum in relativistic isobar collisions
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• Ratios of collective flow observables in high-energy isobar collisions are insensitive to final state interactions
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• Inferring nuclear structure from heavy isobar collisions using Trajectum
• Exploring the compactness of $\alpha$ cluster in ${}^{16}$O nuclei with relativistic ${}^{16}$O+${}^{16}$O collisions
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• Hexadecapole deformation of ${}^{238}$U from relativistic heavy-ion collisions using a nonlinear response coefficient
• Measuring neutron skin by grazing isobaric collisions
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• Impact of initial fluctuations and nuclear deformations in isobar collisions
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