Properties of the QCD Matter -- An Experimental Review of Selected Results from RHIC BES Program

Abstract

In the paper, we discuss the development of the multi-gap resistive plate chamber Time-of-Flight (TOF) technology and the production of the STAR TOF detector in China at the beginning of the 21st century. Then we review recent experimental results from the first beam energy scan program (BES-I) at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). Topics cover measurements of collectivity, chirality, criticality, global polarization, strangeness, heavy-flavor, di-lepton and light nuclei productions.

arXiv comment31 pages, 33 figures. This review is dedicated to Professor Wenqing Shen on the occasion to celebrate his leadership of the Chinese STAR Collaboration, the development and production of the STAR MRPC TOF detector in China and many physics analyses

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• Single electrons from heavy-flavor mesons in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Shear viscosity of nucleonic matter
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• Calibration and performance of the STAR Muon Telescope Detector using cosmic rays
• New Prototype Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chambers with Long Strips
• Energy Dependence of Intermittency for Charged Hadrons in Au+Au Collisions at RHIC
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• Systematic study of the experimental measurements on $J/\psi$ cross section and kinematic distribution in $p+p$ collisions at different energies
• Search for baryon junctions in photonuclear processes and isobar collisions at RHIC
• Modifications of Heavy-Flavor Spectra in $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=62.4\mathrm{GeV}$ Au-Au Collisions
• On the Possibility of Event Shape Selection in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions
• Event Shape Selection Method in Search of the Chiral Magnetic Effect in Heavy-ion Collisions
• Enhanced yield ratio of light nuclei in heavy ion collisions with a first-order QCD phase transition
• Yield ratio of hypertriton to light nuclei in heavy-ion collisions from $\sqrt{{\mathrm{s}}_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 4.9 GeV to 2.76 TeV
• Probing QCD critical fluctuations from the yield ratio of strange hadrons in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Nuclear Matter Expansion Parameters from the Measurement of Differential Multiplicities for Lambda Production in Central Au+Au Collisions at AGS
• Production of light antinuclei in $pp$ collisions by dynamical coalescence and their fluxes in cosmic rays near earth
• Production characteristics of light (anti-)nuclei from (anti-)nucleon coalescence in heavy ion collisions at energies employed at the RHIC beam energy scan
• Collective Excitation in High-Energy Nuclear Collisions -- In Memory of Professor Lianshou Liu
• Elliptic Flow of Heavy-Flavor Decay Electrons in Au+Au Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{{}_{\mathrm{NN}}}}$ = 27 and 54.4 GeV at RHIC

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