A Unified Theory for the Atmospheres of the Hot and Very Hot Jupiters: Two Classes of Irradiated Atmospheres

Abstract

We highlight the importance of gaseous TiO and VO opacity on the highly irradiated close-in giant planets. The atmospheres of these planets naturally fall into two classes that are somewhat analogous to the M- and L-type dwarfs. Those that are warm enough to have appreciable opacity due to TiO and VO gases we term the ``pM Class'' planets, and those that are cooler we term ``pL Class'' planets. We calculate model atmospheres for these planets, including pressure-temperature profiles, spectra, and characteristic radiative time constants. We show that pM Class planets have hot stratospheres $\sim$2000 K and appear ``anomalously'' bright in the mid infrared secondary eclipse, as was recently found for planets HD 149026b and HD 209458b. This class of planets absorbs incident flux and emits thermal flux from high in their atmospheres. Consequently, they will have large day/night temperature contrasts and negligible phase shifts between orbital phase and thermal emission light curves, because radiative timescales are much shorter than possible dynamical timescales. The pL Class planets absorb incident flux deeper in the atmosphere where atmospheric dynamics will more readily redistribute absorbed energy. This will lead to cooler day sides, warmer night sides, and larger phase shifts in thermal emission light curves. Around a Sun-like primary this boundary occurs at $\sim$0.04-0.05 AU. The eccentric transiting planets HD 147506b and HD 17156b alternate between the classes. Thermal emission in the optical from pM Class planets is significant red-ward of 400 nm, making these planets attractive targets for optical detection. The difference in the observed day/night contrast between ups Andromeda b (pM Class) and HD 189733b (pL Class) is naturally explained in this scenario. (Abridged.)

Accepted to the Astrophysical Journal

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• Spatially-resolving the terminator: Variation of Fe, temperature and winds in WASP-76 b across planetary limbs and orbital phase
• Structure and Evolution of Internally Heated Hot Jupiters
• Warm Spitzer Photometry of Three Hot Jupiters: HAT-P-3b, HAT-P-4b and HAT-P-12b
• Spitzer Secondary Eclipse Observations of Five Cool Gas Giant Planets and Empirical Trends in Cool Planet Emission Spectra
• MARVEL analysis of the measured high-resolution rovibronic spectra of ${}^{48}$Ti${}^{16}$O
• Analyzing Atmospheric Temperature Profiles and Spectra of M dwarf Rocky Planets
• Modeling the effects of inhomogeneous aerosols on the hot Jupiter Kepler-7b's atmospheric circulation
• WTS-2 b: a hot Jupiter orbiting near its tidal destruction radius around a K-dwarf
• Thermal emission at 3.6-8 micron from WASP-19b: a hot Jupiter without a stratosphere orbiting an active star
• Atmospheric Circulation of Eccentric Hot Jupiter HAT-P-2b
• H-band thermal emission from the 19-hour period planet WASP-19b
• Broad-band transmission spectrum and K-band thermal emission of WASP-43b as observed from the ground
• z'-band Ground-Based Detection of the Secondary Eclipse of WASP-19b
• Physical properties and radius variations in the HAT-P-5 planetary system from simultaneous four-colour photometry
• High-precision photometry by telescope defocussing. III. The transiting planetary system WASP-2
• Ground-based K-band detection of thermal emission from the exoplanet TrES-3b
• Non-Detection of L-band Line Emission from the Exo-Planet HD189733b
• How do Most Planets Form? -- Constraints on Disk Instability from Direct Imaging
• Spitzer and z' Secondary Eclipse Observations of the Highly Irradiated Transiting Brown Dwarf KELT-1b
• WASP-127b transmission spectrum]{Abundance measurements of H${}_2$O and carbon-bearing species in the atmosphere of WASP-127b confirm its super-solar metallicity
• Dynamical Constraints on the Core Mass of Hot Jupiter HAT-P-13b
• Physical properties and transmission spectrum of the WASP-80 planetary system from multi-colour photometry
• Neutral Cr and V in the atmosphere of ultra hot jupiter WASP-121 b
• Seeing above the Clouds with High Resolution Spectroscopy
• SOPHIE velocimetry of Kepler transit candidates. V. The three hot Jupiters KOI-135b, KOI-204b and KOI-203b (alias Kepler-17b)
• The atmospheres of the hot-Jupiters Kepler-5b and Kepler-6b observed during occultations with Warm-Spitzer and Kepler
• APOSTLE Observations of GJ 1214b: System Parameters and Evidence for Stellar Activity
• WASP-38b: A Transiting Exoplanet in an Eccentric, 6.87d Period Orbit
• Transmission spectroscopy of exoplanet XO-2b observed with HST NICMOS
• Multiwaveband photometry of the irradiated brown dwarf WD0137-349B
• HST PanCET program: A Cloudy Atmosphere for the promising JWST target WASP-101b
• VUV-absorption cross section of carbon dioxide from 150 to 800 K and applications to warm exoplanetary atmospheres
• Exoplanet Chemistry
• HAT-P-10b: A light and moderately hot Jupiter transiting a K dwarf
• Thermal Emission and Tidal Heating of the Heavy and Eccentric Planet XO-3b
• High-resolution transmission spectroscopy study of ultra-hot Jupiters HAT-P-57b, KELT-17b, KELT-21b, KELT-7b, MASCARA-1b, and WASP-189b
• ARES III: Unveiling the Two Faces of KELT-7 b with HST WFC3
• A precise optical transmission spectrum of the inflated exoplanet WASP-52b
• Bright optical dayside emission from extrasolar planet CoRoT-2b
• Outstanding Challenges of Exoplanet Atmospheric Retrievals
• The Hubble PanCET program: Transit and Eclipse Spectroscopy of the Strongly Irradiated Giant Exoplanet WASP-76b
• HATS-5b: A Transiting hot-Saturn from the HATSouth Survey
• High precision transit observations of the exoplanet WASP-13b with the RISE instrument
• Exoplanet phase curves: observations and theory
• Interpreting High-Resolution Spectroscopy of Exoplanets Using Cross-Correlations and Supervised Machine Learning
• The Dawes Review 3: The Atmospheres of Extrasolar Planets and Brown Dwarfs
• Characterization of the atmosphere of the hot Jupiter HAT-P-32Ab and the M-dwarf companion HAT-P-32B
• SOPHIE velocimetry of Kepler transit candidates XI. Kepler-412 system: probing the properties of a new inflated hot Jupiter
• MASCARA-1 b: A hot Jupiter transiting a bright $m_V=8.3$ A-star in a misaligned orbit
• SOPHIE velocimetry of Kepler transit candidates IV. KOI-196b: a non-inflated hot-Jupiter with a high albedo
• A Search for molecules in the atmosphere of HD 189733b
• A Precise Estimate of the Radius of the Exoplanet HD 149026b from Spitzer Photometry
• Chemical variation with altitude and longitude on exo-Neptunes: Predictions for Ariel phase-curve observations
• Chemical Timescales in the Atmospheres of Highly Eccentric Exoplanets
• Refined physical properties of the HAT-P-13 planetary system
• WASP-36b: A new transiting planet around a metal-poor G-dwarf, and an investigation into analyses based on a single transit light curve
• The corona and companion of CoRoT-2A. Insights from X-rays and optical spectroscopy
• The JADE code: Coupling secular exoplanetary dynamics and photo-evaporation
• Explorations into the Viability of Coupled Radius-Orbit Evolutionary Models for Inflated Planets
• Hubble PanCET: An isothermal day-side atmosphere for the bloated gas-giant HAT-P-32Ab
• Detection of Na, K and H${}_2$O in the hazy atmosphere of WASP-6b
• Independent confirmation and refined parameters of the hot Jupiter XO-5b
• Near-Infrared Emission Spectrum of WASP-103b using Hubble Space Telescope/Wide Field Camera 3
• Detection of iron emission lines and a temperature inversion on the dayside of the ultra-hot Jupiter KELT-20b
• A 0.8-2.4 Micron Transmission Spectrum of the Hot Jupiter CoRoT-1b
• The composition of hot Jupiter atmospheres assembled within chemically evolved protoplanetary discs
• The EVIL-MC Model for Ellipsoidal Variations of Planet-Hosting Stars and Applications to the HAT-P-7 System
• Fully scalable forward model grid of exoplanet transmission spectra
• KELT-16b: A highly irradiated, ultra-short period hot Jupiter nearing tidal disruption
• From cold to hot irradiated gaseous exoplanets: Toward an observation-based classification scheme
• Constraining Hot Jupiter Atmospheric Structure and Dynamics through Doppler Shifted Emission Spectra
• Exoplanet Atmosphere Measurements from Transmission Spectroscopy and other Planet-Star Combined Light Observations
• TrES-5: A Massive Jupiter-sized Planet Transiting A Cool G-dwarf
• Gemini/GMOS Transmission Spectral Survey: Complete Optical Transmission Spectrum of the hot Jupiter WASP-4b
• Gemini/GMOS Optical Transmission Spectroscopy of WASP-121b: signs of variability in an ultra-hot Jupiter?
• UV Exoplanet Transmission Spectral Features as Probes of Metals and Rainout
• Arid or Cloudy: Characterizing the Atmosphere of the super-Earth 55 Cancri e using High-Resolution Spectroscopy
• Optical transmission photometry of the highly inflated exoplanet WASP-17b
• The Broadband and Spectrally-Resolved H-band Eclipse of KELT-1b and the Role of Surface Gravity in Stratospheric Inversions in Hot Jupiters
• Warm Spitzer and Palomar Near-IR Secondary Eclipse Photometry of Two Hot Jupiters: WASP-48b and HAT-P-23b
• The Hubble WFC3 Emission Spectrum of the Extremely-Hot Jupiter, KELT-9b
• Ground-based detections of thermal emission from the dense hot Jupiter WASP-43b in H and Ks-bands
• GTC OSIRIS transiting exoplanet atmospheric survey: detection of potassium in HAT-P-1b from narrowband spectrophotometry
• Atmospheric characterization of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-33b: Detection of Ti and V emission lines and retrieval of a broadened line profile
• A Significant Over-Luminosity in the Transiting Brown Dwarf CWW 89Ab
• Impact of photochemical hazes and gases on exoplanet atmospheric thermal structure
• Cloud formation in metal-rich atmospheres of hot super-Earths like 55 Cnc e and CoRot7b
• A Search for FeH in Hot-Jupiter Atmospheres with High-Dispersion Spectroscopy
• Models of Neptune-Mass Exoplanets: Emergent Fluxes and Albedos
• CRIRES+ detection of CO emissions lines and temperature inversions on the dayside of WASP-18b and WASP-76b
• Cloud Base Signature in Transmission Spectra of Exoplanet Atmospheres
• Examining the broadband emission spectrum of WASP-19b: A new z band eclipse detection
• A Universal Cloud Composition on the Nightsides of Hot Jupiters
• Cloud Atlas: Hubble Space Telescope Near-Infrared Spectral Library of Brown Dwarfs, Planetary-mass companions, and hot Jupiters
• The Influence of Atmospheric Scattering and Absorption on Ohmic Dissipation in Hot Jupiters
• Effect of stellar flares on the upper atmospheres of HD 189733b and HD 209458b
• Colour-Magnitude Diagrams of Transiting Exoplanets. I - Systems with parallaxes
• Towards multi-dimensional analysis of transmission spectroscopy. Part II: Day-night induced biases in retrievals from hot to ultra-hot Jupiters
• Physical properties of the WASP-67 planetary system from multi-colour photometry
• Transmission photometry of WASP-12b: simultaneous measurement of the planetary radius in three bands
• Contamination from a nearby star cannot explain the anomalous transmission spectrum of the ultra-short period giant planet WASP-103b
• Nitrogen as a Tracer of Giant Planet Formation. I.: A Universal Deep Adiabatic Profile and Semi-analytical Predictions of Disequilibrium Ammonia Abundances in Warm Exoplanetary Atmospheres
• A Comprehensive Analysis of WASP-17b's Transmission Spectrum from Space-Based Observations
• Considerations for Atmospheric Retrieval of High-Precision Brown Dwarf Spectra
• Colour-magnitude diagrams of transiting Exoplanets - II. A larger sample from photometric distances
• The GROUSE project II: Detection of the Ks-band secondary eclipse of exoplanet HAT-P-1b
• Uniform Forward-Modeling Analysis of Ultracool Dwarfs. I. Methodology and Benchmarking
• An optical transmission spectrum of the giant planet WASP-36 b
• A survey of sodium absorption in ten giant exoplanets with high-resolution transmission spectroscopy
• Model atmospheres of sub-stellar mass objects
• On Signatures of Atmospheric Features in Thermal Phase Curves of Hot Jupiters
• Pseudo-2D Modelling of Heat Redistribution Through H${}_2$ Thermal Dissociation/Recombination: Consequences for Ultra-Hot Jupiters
• Silicon in the dayside atmospheres of two ultra-hot Jupiters
• Radiation-Hydrodynamics of Hot Jupiter Atmospheres
• The GROUSE project III: Ks-band observations of the thermal emission from WASP-33b
• The Fundamental Connections Between the Solar System and Exoplanetary Science
• Photochemical hazes dramatically alter temperature structure and atmospheric circulation in 3D simulations of hot Jupiters
• Is TiO emission present in the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-33b? A reassessment using the improved ExoMol Toto line list
• Assessing Spectra and Thermal Inversions due to TiO in Hot Jupiter Atmospheres
• High-precision multi-wavelength eclipse photometry of the ultra-hot gas giant exoplanet WASP-103 b
• Hot Jupiter Diversity and the Onset of TiO/VO Revealed by a Large Grid of Non-Grey Global Circulation Models
• Further constraints on the optical transmission spectrum of HAT-P-1b
• Search for TiO and Optical Night-side Emission from the Exoplanet WASP-33b
• Secondary eclipses in the CoRoT light curves: A homogeneous search based on Bayesian model selection
• The Hunt for Planet Nine: Atmosphere, Spectra, Evolution, and Detectability
• $\text{PyTranSpot}$ - A tool for multiband light curve modeling of planetary transits and stellar spots
• Secondary Eclipse Photometry of the Exoplanet WASP-5b with Warm Spitzer
• Re-inflation of warm and hot Jupiters
• Observed spectral energy distribution of the thermal emission from the dayside of WASP-46b
• The PEPSI Exoplanet Transit Survey (PETS). II. A Deep Search for Thermal Inversion Agents in KELT-20 b/MASCARA-2 b with Emission and Transmission Spectroscopy
• Color Classification of Extrasolar Giant Planets: Prospects and Cautions
• Physical properties of the WASP-44 planetary system from simultaneous multi-colour photometry
• A temperature inversion in WASP-33b? Large Binocular Telescope occultation data confirm significant thermal flux at short wavelengths
• LRG-BEASTS: sodium absorption and Rayleigh scattering in the atmosphere of WASP-94A b using NTT/EFOSC2
• Evidence for Reflected Light from the Most Eccentric Exoplanet Known
• Atmospheric mass loss and evolution of short-period exoplanets: the examples of CoRoT-7b and Kepler-10b
• Convolutional neural networks as an alternative to Bayesian retrievals
• A ground-based Ks-band detection of the thermal emission from the transiting exoplanet WASP-4b
• On the heat redistribution of the hot transiting exoplanet WASP-18b
• Qatar Exoplanet Survey : Qatar-3b, Qatar-4b and Qatar-5b
• Unifying High- and Low-resolution Observations to Constrain the Dayside Atmosphere of KELT-20b/MASCARA-2b
• High contrast imaging at 10 microns, a search for exoplanets around: Eps Indi A, Eps Eri, Tau Ceti, Sirius A and Sirius B
• Statistical Eclipses of Close-in Kepler Sub-Saturns
• Benchmark Tests for Markov Chain Monte Carlo Fitting of Exoplanet Eclipse Observations
• Refined physical properties and g',r',i',z',J,H,K transmission spectrum of WASP-23b from the ground
• Circumstellar disks and planets. Science cases for next-generation optical/infrared long-baseline interferometers
• The GAPS Programme at TNG XXXIII. HARPS-N detects multiple atomic species in emission from the dayside of KELT-20b
• Spitzer Reveals Evidence of Molecular Absorption in the Atmosphere of the Hot Neptune LTT 9979b
• A comparative study of WASP-67b and HAT-P-38b from WFC3 data
• Information in the Reflected Light Spectra of Widely Separated Giant Exoplanets
• Mass-Radius Relationships for Very Low Mass Gaseous Planets
• Evidence for enhanced chromospheric Ca II H & K emission in stars with close-in extrasolar planets
• Spitzer IRAC Sparsely Sampled Phase Curve of the Exoplanet WASP-14b
• Detectability of Exoplanet Periastron Passage in the Infra-Red
• WASP-26b: A 1-Jupiter-mass planet around an early-G-type star
• An optical transmission spectrum of the transiting hot Jupiter in the metal-poor WASP-98 planetary system
• The first planet detected in the WTS: an inflated hot-Jupiter in a 3.35 day orbit around a late F-star
• A quantitative assessment of the VO line list: Inaccuracies hamper high-resolution VO detections in exoplanet atmospheres
• Thermo-Resistive Instability of Hot Planetary Atmospheres
• Dynamical Measurements of the Interior Structure of Exoplanets
• Tentative Evidence for Water Vapor in the Atmosphere of the Neptune-Size Exoplanet HD 106315 c
• TAU: A 1D radiative transfer code for transmission spectroscopy of extrasolar planet atmospheres
• Investigating Trends in Atmospheric Compositions of Cool Gas Giant Planets Using Spitzer Secondary Eclipses
• Exploring H${}_2$O Prominence in Reflection Spectra of Cool Giant Planets
• Defocussed Transmission Spectroscopy: A potential detection of sodium in the atmosphere of WASP-12b
• Planet-Induced Stellar Pulsations in HAT-P-2's Eccentric System
• Confirmation of Water Absorption in the Thermal Emission Spectrum of the Hot Jupiter WASP-77Ab with HST/WFC3
• High-resolution emission spectroscopy retrievals of MASCARA-1b with CRIRES+: Strong detections of CO, H${}_2$O and Fe emission lines and a C$/$O consistent with solar
• On the possibility of detecting extrasolar planets' atmospheres with the Rossiter-McLaughlin-effect
• Ionization and transport in partially ionized multicomponent plasmas: Application to atmospheres of hot Jupiters
• Possible detection of a bimodal cloud distribution in the atmosphere of HAT-P-32\,A\,b from multi-band photometry
• Thermal emission from WASP-24b at 3.6 and 4.5 μm
• Far-UV spectroscopy of the planet-hosting star WASP-13: high-energy irradiance, distance, age, planetary mass-loss rate, and circumstellar environment
• Exoplanet Transits Registered at the Universidad de Monterrey Observatory. Part I: HAT-P-12b, HAT-P-13b, HAT-P-16b, HAT-P-23b and WASP-10b
• Mass-independent analysis of the stable isotopologues of gas-phase titanium monoxide -- TiO
• The polarization of the planet-hosting WASP-18 system
• Storms or Systematics? The changing secondary eclipse depth of WASP-12b
• ThERESA: Three-Dimensional Eclipse Mapping with Application to Synthetic JWST Data
• Atmosphere Models of Brown Dwarfs Irradiated by White Dwarfs: Analogues for Hot and Ultra-Hot Jupiters
• Neutral metals in the atmosphere of HD149026b
• Detection of the secondary eclipse of WASP-10b in the Ks-band
• Distinguishing Between Stellar and Planetary Companions With Phase Monitoring
• The GTC exoplanet transit spectroscopy survey VIII. Flat transmission spectrum for the warm gas giant WASP-80
• Variable Irradiation on 1D Cloudless Eccentric Exoplanet Atmospheres
• Discriminating between hazy and clear hot-Jupiter atmospheres with CARMENES
• Cloud Parameterizations and their Effect on Retrievals of Exoplanet Reflection Spectroscopy
• The hot Neptune WASP-166 b with ESPRESSO III: A blue-shifted tentative water signal constrains the presence of clouds
• High Contrast Imaging in the Visible: First Experimental Results at the Large Binocular Telescope
• ACCESS: Confirmation of no potassium in the atmosphere of WASP-31b
• Evidence for TiO in the atmosphere of the hot Jupiter HAT-P-65 b
• Obliquity measurement and atmospheric characterization of the WASP-74 planetary system
• The THOR+HELIOS general circulation model: multi-wavelength radiative transfer with accurate scattering by clouds/hazes
• Observational Consequences of Shallow-water Magnetohydrodynamics on Hot Jupiters
• A Comparison of Simulated JWST Observations Derived from Equilibrium and Non-Equilibrium Chemistry Models of Giant Exoplanets
• The transmission spectrum of WASP-17 b from the optical to the near-infrared wavelengths: combining STIS, WFC3 and IRAC datasets
• Chemical modeling of exoplanet atmospheres
• Discovery of WASP-174b: Doppler tomography of a near-grazing transit
• HATS-13b and HATS-14b: two transiting hot Jupiters from the HATSouth survey
• APOSTLE: Eleven Transit Observations of TrES-3b
• Transmission spectroscopy with VLT FORS2: a featureless spectrum for the low-density transiting exoplanet WASP-88b
• HD 179949b: A Close Orbiting Extrasolar Giant Planet with a stratosphere?
• The GTC exoplanet transit spectroscopy survey. VII. An optical transmission spectrum of WASP-48b
• Analytical Models of Exoplanetary Atmospheres. IV. Improved Two-stream Radiative Transfer for the Treatment of Aerosols
• Near-UV transit photometry of HAT-P-32 b with the LBT: Silicate aerosols in the planetary atmosphere
• The PEPSI Exoplanet Transit Survey. III: The detection of FeI, CrI and TiI in the atmosphere of MASCARA-1 b through high-resolution emission spectroscopy
• Spitzer thermal phase curve of WASP-121 b
• HST/WFC3 Complete Phase-resolved Spectroscopy of White Dwarf-Brown Dwarf Binaries WD 0137 and EPIC 2122
• Time Resolved Absorption of Six Chemical Species With MAROON-X Points to Strong Drag in the Ultra Hot Jupiter TOI-1518 b
• Larger and faster: revised properties and a shorter orbital period for the WASP-57 planetary system from a pro-am collaboration
• Temperature inversions on hot super-Earths: the case of CN in nitrogen-rich atmospheres
• Exploring A Photospheric Radius Correction to Model Secondary Eclipse Spectra for Transiting Exoplanets
• WASP-121b's transmission spectrum observed with JWST/NIRSpec G395H reveals thermal dissociation and SiO in the atmosphere
• Exoplanetary Geophysics -- An Emerging Discipline
• Coupled Day-Night Models of Exoplanetary Atmospheres
• Day and night side core cooling of a strongly irradiated giant planet
• Aerosol Constraints on the Atmosphere of the Hot Saturn-mass planet WASP-49b
• Mapping the pressure-dependent day-night temperature contrast of a strongly irradiated atmosphere with HST spectroscopic phase curve
• Atmospheric Characterization of Hot Jupiter CoRoT-1 b Using the Wide Field Camera 3 on the Hubble Space Telescope
• Detection and Characterization of Extrasolar Planets through Doppler Spectroscopy
• Reflected Light Phase Curves in the TESS Era
• Colour-magnitude diagrams of transiting Exoplanets -- III. A public code, nine strange planets, and the role of Phosphine
• Terminus: A Versatile Simulator for Space-based Telescopes
• Inflation of Migrated Hot Jupiters
• Thermal Phase Curves of XO-3b: an Eccentric Hot Jupiter at the Deuterium Burning Limit
• The ultra-hot-Jupiter KELT-16 b: Dynamical Evolution and Atmospheric Properties
• Phase closure nulling. Application to the spectroscopy of faint companions
• Ground-based detection of the near-infrared emission from the dayside of WASP-5b
• HATS-50b through HATS-53b: four transiting hot Jupiters orbiting G-type stars discovered by the HATSouth survey
• Radiative Rayleigh-Taylor Instability and the structure of clouds in planetary atmospheres
• Temperature-chemistry coupling in the evolution of gas giant atmospheres driven by stellar flares
• Detection of the secondary eclipse of Qatar-1b in the Ks band
• Trends in Spitzer Secondary Eclipses
• ESPRESSO reveals blueshifted neutral iron emission lines on the dayside of WASP-76 b
• Searching for the secondary eclipse of CoRoT-Exo-2b and its transit timing variations
• Toward a multidimensional analysis of transmission spectroscopy. Part III: Modelling 2D effects in retrievals with TauREx
• Tentative detection of titanium oxide in the atmosphere of WASP-69 b with a 4m ground-based telescope
• WASP-35 and HAT-P-30/WASP-51: re-analysis using TESS and ground-based transit photometry
• Independent discovery and refined parameters of the transiting exoplanet HAT-P-14b
• Ground-Based Transmission Spectroscopy with VLT FORS2: Evidence for faculae and clouds in the optical spectrum of the warm Saturn WASP-110b
• Warm Spitzer Occultation Photometry of WASP-26b at 3.6μm and 4.5μm
• Radiative Transfer for Exoplanet Atmospheres
• Thermal Emission from the hot Jupiter WASP-103b in J and Ks Bands
• Reassessing Exoplanet Light Curves with a Thermal Model
• Modeling the Thermal Bulge of A Hot Jupiter with the Two-Stream Approximation
• LRG-BEASTS: Evidence for clouds in the transmission spectrum of HATS-46 b
• Microphysical Prescriptions for Parameterized Water Cloud Formation on Ultra-cool Substellar Objects
• Measuring titanium isotope ratios in exoplanet atmospheres
• Retrieving day- and nightside atmospheric properties of the ultra-hot Jupiter TOI-2109b. Detection of Fe and CO emission lines and evidence for inefficient heat transport
• Unveiling the atmospheres of giant exoplanets with an EChO-class mission
• PICASO 4.0: Clouds and Photochemistry in Climate Models of Brown Dwarfs and Exoplanets
• ARES VI: Viability of one-dimensional retrieval models for transmission spectroscopy characterization of exo-atmospheres in the era of JWST and Ariel
• Blowin' in the non-isothermal wind: core-powered mass loss with hydrodynamic radiative transfer
• APOSTLE: Longterm Transit Monitoring and Stability Analysis of XO-2b
• CROCODILE \\ Incorporating medium-resolution spectroscopy of close-in directly imaged exoplanets into atmospheric retrievals via cross-correlation
• A High Geometric Albedo for LTT9779b Points Towards a Metal-rich Atmosphere and Silicate Clouds
• Under the magnifying glass: A combined 3D model applied to cloudy warm Saturn type exoplanets around M-dwarfs
• An empirical spectroscopic model for eleven electronic states of VO
• Secondary eclipses of WASP-18b -- Near Infrared observations with the Anglo Australian Telescope, the Magellan Clay Telescope and the LCOGT network
• A dayside thermal inversion in the atmosphere of WASP-19b
• Contrast and Temperature Dependence of Multi-Epoch High-Resolution Cross-Correlation Exoplanet Spectroscopy
• Influence of the C/O ratio on titanium and vanadium oxides in protoplanetary disks
• The Impact of Irradiation on the Radius and Thermal Evolution of Transiting Brown Dwarfs
• Lessons from Hubble and Spitzer: 1D Self-Consistent Model Grids for 19 Hot Jupiter Emission Spectra
• High-resolution spectroscopic search for the thermal emission of the extrasolar planet HD 217107 b
• The Hubble PanCET program: Emission spectrum of hot Jupiter HAT-P-41b
• Inflated hot Jupiters: Inferring average atmospheric velocity via Ohmic models coupled with internal dynamo evolution
• Detecting planetary mass companions near the water frost-line using JWST interferometry
• Reflected-light Phase Curves with PICASO: A Kepler-7b Case Study
• Atmospheric composition and structure of HD209458b
• PEPSI Investigation, Retrieval, and Atlas of Numerous Giant Atmospheres (PIRANGA). III. Composition and winds in the atmosphere of TOI-1518 b
• Thermal emission of WASP-48b in the Ks-band
• Radiative Hydrodynamical Studies of Irradiated Atmospheres
• Exploring the Diversity of Jupiter-Class Planets (Discussion Meeting Contribution)
• Spitzer phase curve observations and circulation models of the inflated ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-76b
• Search for a circum-planetary material and orbital period variations of short-period Kepler exoplanet candidates
• Emergent Exoplanet Flux: Review of the Spitzer Results
• Quantifying thermal water dissociation in the dayside photosphere of WASP-121 b using NIRPS
• UV Absorption by Silicate Cloud Precursors in Ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-178b
• Magnetic Drag and 3-D Effects in Theoretical High-Resolution Emission Spectra of Ultrahot Jupiters: the Case of WASP-76b
• Revisiting the atmosphere of HAT-P-70b with CARMENES high-resolution transmission spectroscopy
• Phase-resolved Hubble Space Telescope WFC3 Spectroscopy of Weakly-Irradiated Brown Dwarf GD 1400 and Energy Redistribution-Irradiation Trends in Six WD$-$BD Binaries
• Patchy nightside clouds on ultra-hot Jupiters: General Circulation Model simulations with radiatively active cloud tracers
• A First Look at CRIRES+: Performance Assessment and Exoplanet Spectroscopy
• Spectrum and atmosphere models of irradiated transiting extrasolar giant planets
• A new method to correct for host star variability in multi-epoch observations of exoplanet transmission spectra
• TOI-1518b: A Misaligned Ultra-hot Jupiter with Iron in its Atmosphere
• A Precise Estimate of the Radius of HD 149026b
• Investigation of the upper atmosphere in ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-76 b with high-resolution spectroscopy
• Day-side Fe I Emission, Day-Night Brightness Contrast and Phase Offset of the Exoplanet WASP-33b
• The breaking of cold traps and onset of titanium in ultra-hot Jupiter atmospheres: WASP-189b in context
• Cloudy and Cloud-free Thermal Phase Curves with PICASO: Applications to WASP-43b