PICASO 3.0: A One-Dimensional Climate Model for Giant Planets and Brown Dwarfs
arXiv:2208.07836 · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac9f48
Abstract
Upcoming James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) observations will allow us to study exoplanet and brown dwarf atmospheres in great detail. The physical interpretation of these upcoming high signal-to-noise observations requires precise atmospheric models of exoplanets and brown dwarfs. While several one-dimensional and three-dimensional atmospheric models have been developed in the past three decades, these models have often relied on simplified assumptions like chemical equilibrium and are also often not open-source, which limits their usage and development by the wider community. We present a python-based one-dimensional atmospheric radiative-convective equilibrium model. This model has heritage from the Fortran-based code (Marley et al.,1996} which has been widely used to model the atmospheres of Solar System objects, brown dwarfs, and exoplanets. In short, the basic capability of the original model is to compute the atmospheric state of the object under radiative-convective equilibrium given its effective or internal temperature, gravity, and host--star properties (if relevant). In the new model, which has been included within the well-utilized code-base PICASO, we have added these original features as well as the new capability of self-consistently treating disequilibrium chemistry. This code is widely applicable to Hydrogen-dominated atmospheres (e.g., brown dwarfs and giant planets).
arXiv commentUnder review in ApJ; posting after incorporating the first referee response; official code release will coincide with paper acceptance; comments welcome; 29 Pages; 15 Figures; 3 Tables
References in corpus (113)
- The NumPy array: a structure for efficient numerical computation
- A Non-Gray Theory of Extrasolar Giant Planets and Brown Dwarfs
- Evolutionary models for very-low-mass stars and brown dwarfs with dusty atmospheres
- Planetary Radii across Five Orders of Magnitude in Mass and Stellar Insolation: Application to Transits
- Models of Stars, Brown Dwarfs and Exoplanets
- Precipitating Condensation Clouds in Substellar Atmospheres
- A Unified Theory for the Atmospheres of the Hot and Very Hot Jupiters: Two Classes of Irradiated Atmospheres
- The Evolution of L and T Dwarfs in Color-Magnitude Diagrams
- ExoMol molecular line lists XXX: a complete high-accuracy line list for water
- Atmospheric circulation of hot Jupiters: Coupled radiative-dynamical general circulation model simulations of HD 189733b and HD 209458b
- On the radiative equilibrium of irradiated planetary atmospheres
- Line and Mean Opacities for Ultracool Dwarfs and Extrasolar Planets
- Disequilibrium Carbon, Oxygen, and Nitrogen Chemistry in the Atmospheres of HD 189733b and HD 209458b
- L' and M' Photometry of Ultracool Dwarfs
- A Possible Bifurcation in Atmospheres of Strongly Irradiated Stars and Planets
- Neglected Clouds in T and Y Dwarf Atmospheres
- ExoMol line lists IV: The rotation-vibration spectrum of methane up to 1500 K
- L and T Dwarf Models and the L to T Transition
- The 0.8-14.5 micron Spectra of Mid-L to Mid-T Dwarfs: Diagnostics of Effective Temperature, Grain Sedimentation, Gas Transport, and Surface Gravity
- Spectral and Photometric Diagnostics of Giant Planet Formation Scenarios
- 3D mixing in hot Jupiter atmospheres. I. application to the day/night cold trap in HD 209458b
- Gaseous Mean Opacities for Giant Planet and Ultracool Dwarf Atmospheres over a Range of Metallicities and Temperatures
- A variationally computed line list for hot NH3
- Atmospheric Parameters of Field L and T Dwarfs
- Atmospheric, Evolutionary, and Spectral Models of the Brown Dwarf Gliese 229 B
- ExoMol line lists III: An improved hot rotation-vibration line list for HCN and HNC
- A new set of atmosphere and evolution models for cool T-Y brown dwarfs and giant exoplanets
- H- Opacity and Water Dissociation in the Dayside Atmosphere of the Very Hot Gas Giant WASP-18 b
- Theoretical Spectra and Light Curves of Close-in Extrasolar Giant Planets and Comparison with Data
- Chemical consequences of the C/O ratio on hot Jupiters: Examples from WASP-12b,CoRoT-2b, XO-1b, and HD 189733b
- Theoretical Spectra and Atmospheres of Extrasolar Giant Planets
- Masses, Radii, and Cloud Properties of the HR 8799 Planets
- Atmospheric Chemistry in Giant Planets, Brown Dwarfs, and Low-Mass Dwarf Stars II. Sulfur and Phosphorus
- ExoMol Molecular linelists -- XXXIII. The spectrum of Titanium Oxide
- Comparative Planetary Atmospheres: Models of TrES-1 and HD209458b
- Fingering convection and cloudless models for cool brown dwarf atmospheres
- Atmospheric Chemistry in Giant Planets, Brown Dwarfs, and Low-Mass Dwarf Stars III. Iron, Magnesium, and Silicon
- Thermal Emission and Albedo Spectra of Super Earths with Flat Transmission Spectra
- Atomic iron and titanium in the atmosphere of the exoplanet KELT-9b
- The JWST Early Release Observations
- Improved HCN/HNC linelist, model atmospheres and synthetic spectra for WZ Cas
- Atmospheric Circulation of Hot Jupiters: Three-dimensional circulation models of HD 209458b and HD 189733b with Simplified Forcing
- ExoMol molecular line lists - XVI: The rotation-vibration spectrum of hot HS
- Methane, Carbon Monoxide, and Ammonia in Brown Dwarfs and Self-Luminous Giant Planets
- ExoMol line lists XVIII. The high temperature spectrum of VO
- VULCAN: an Open-Source, Validated Chemical Kinetics Python Code for Exoplanetary Atmospheres
- Line Intensities and Molecular Opacities of the FeH Transition
- Water Clouds in Y Dwarfs and Exoplanets
- HELIOS: An Open-source, GPU-accelerated Radiative Transfer Code For Self-consistent Exoplanetary Atmospheres
- Exoplanet Reflected Light Spectroscopy with PICASO
- Accuracy tests of radiation schemes used in hot Jupiter global circulation models
- Atmospheric Circulation of Hot Jupiters: A Shallow Three-Dimensional Model
- Five carbon- and nitrogen-bearing species in a hot giant planet's atmosphere
- ExoMol line lists VII: The rotation-vibration spectrum of phosphine up to 1500 K
- Extrasolar Giant Planets under Strong Stellar Irradiation
- Hot Exoplanet Atmospheres Resolved with Transit Spectroscopy (HEARTS) IV. A spectral inventory of atoms and molecules in the high-resolution transmission spectrum of WASP-121 b
- Irradiated Planets
- The Spectrum of the Brown Dwarf Gliese 229B
- Forward and Inverse Modeling of the Emission and Transmission Spectrum of GJ 436b: Investigating Metal Enrichment, Tidal Heating, and Clouds
- ExoMol line lists II: The ro-vibrational spectrum of SiO
- Retrieval of atmospheric properties of cloudy L dwarfs
- New study of the line profiles of sodium perturbed by H2
- Self-luminous and irradiated exoplanetary atmospheres explored with HELIOS
- ExoMol molecular line lists V: The ro-vibrational spectra of NaCl and KCl
- New CrH Opacities for the Study of L and Brown Dwarf Atmospheres
- A Comparative Study of Atmospheric Chemistry with VULCAN
- New H2 collision-induced absorption and NH3 opacity and the spectra of the coolest brown dwarfs
- K-H_2 Quasi-molecular absorption detected in the T-dwarf epsilon Indi Ba
- GENESIS: New Self-Consistent Models of Exoplanetary Spectra
- Treatment of overlapping gaseous absorption with the correlated-k method in hot Jupiter and brown dwarf atmosphere models
- Beyond Equilibrium Temperature: How the Atmosphere/Interior Connection Affects the Onset of Methane, Ammonia, and Clouds in Warm Transiting Giant Planets
- A library of ATMO forward model transmission spectra for hot Jupiter exoplanets
- Atmospheric Dynamics of Hot Giant Planets and Brown Dwarfs
- Uniform Atmospheric Retrieval Analysis of Ultracool Dwarfs II: Properties of 11 T-dwarfs
- Vibrational transition moments of CH from first principles
- Interpreting the photometry and spectroscopy of directly imaged planets: a new atmospheric model applied to beta Pictoris b and SPHERE observations
- Cloud busting: enstatite and quartz clouds in the atmosphere of 2M2224-0158
- Evidence for a Dayside Thermal Inversion and High Metallicity for the Hot Jupiter WASP-18b
- Global-mean Vertical Tracer Mixing in Planetary Atmospheres I: Theory and Fast-rotating Planets
- Observations of Disequilibrium CO Chemistry in the Coldest Brown Dwarfs
- AKARI Observations of Brown Dwarfs. III. CO, CO2 and CH4 Fundamental Bands and Physical Parameters
- Modeled Temperature-Dependent Clouds with Radiative Feedback in Hot Jupiter Atmospheres
- Temperature Fluctuations as a Source of Brown Dwarf Variability
- High-precision photometry by telescope defocussing. VI. WASP-24, WASP-25 and WASP-26
- The Properties of the 500 K Dwarf UGPS J072227.51-054031.2, and a Study of the Far-Red Flux of Cold Brown Dwarfs
- Radiative cooling functions for primordial molecules
- Atmospheric circulation of brown dwarfs and directly imaged exoplanets driven by cloud radiative feedback: global and equatorial dynamics
- EXOPLINES: Molecular Absorption Cross-Section Database for Brown Dwarf and Giant Exoplanet Atmospheres
- Spectroscopic Detection of Carbon Monoxide in Two Late-type T Dwarfs
- The Sonora Substellar Atmosphere Models. II. Cholla: A Grid of Cloud-free, Solar Metallicity Models in Chemical Disequilibrium for the JWST Era
- Non-local thermodynamic equilibrium effects determine the upper atmospheric temperature structure of the ultra-hot Jupiter KELT-9b
- Probing the Extent of Vertical Mixing in Brown Dwarf Atmospheres with Disequilibrium Chemistry
- The atmosphere and architecture of WASP-189 b probed by its CHEOPS phase curve
- A Library of Self-Consistent Simulated Exoplanet Atmospheres
- Analyzing Atmospheric Temperature Profiles and Spectra of M dwarf Rocky Planets
- Simulating gas giant exoplanet atmospheres with Exo-FMS: Comparing semi-grey, picket fence and correlated-k radiative-transfer schemes
- ExoMol molecular line lists XX: a comprehensive line list for H
- WASP-25b: a 0.6 M_J planet in the Southern hemisphere
- Atmospheric variability driven by radiative cloud feedback in brown dwarfs and directly imaged extrasolar giant planets
- Chemical variation with altitude and longitude on exo-Neptunes: Predictions for Ariel phase-curve observations
- Detection of iron emission lines and a temperature inversion on the dayside of the ultra-hot Jupiter KELT-20b
- A New Sedimentation Model for Greater Cloud Diversity in Giant Exoplanets and Brown Dwarfs
- New Insights on Jupiter's Deep Water Abundance from Disequilibrium Species
- Models of Neptune-Mass Exoplanets: Emergent Fluxes and Albedos
- Uniform Forward-Modeling Analysis of Ultracool Dwarfs. II. Atmospheric Properties of 55 Late-T Dwarfs
- Model atmospheres of sub-stellar mass objects
- Characterization of Exoplanet Atmospheres with the Optical Coronagraph on WFIRST
- Jet Streams and Tracer Mixing in the Atmospheres of Brown Dwarfs and Isolated Young Giant Planets
- How Does Thermal Scattering Shape the Infrared Spectra of Cloudy Exoplanets? A Theoretical Framework and Consequences for Atmospheric Retrievals in the JWST era
- Cloud Parameterizations and their Effect on Retrievals of Exoplanet Reflection Spectroscopy
- Variable Irradiation on 1D Cloudless Eccentric Exoplanet Atmospheres
- Prospects for Directly Imaging Young Giant Planets at Optical Wavelengths
- The Sonora Brown Dwarf Atmosphere and Evolution Models I. Model Description and Application to Cloudless Atmospheres in Rainout Chemical Equilibrium
Cited by in corpus (44)
- Early Release Science of the Exoplanet WASP-39b with JWST NIRSpec G395H
- Early Release Science of the exoplanet WASP-39b with JWST NIRISS
- Early Release Science of the exoplanet WASP-39b with JWST NIRCam
- Identification of carbon dioxide in an exoplanet atmosphere
- The JWST Early Release Science Program for Direct Observations of Exoplanetary Systems II: A 1 to 20 Micron Spectrum of the Planetary-Mass Companion VHS 1256-1257 b
- The Sonora Substellar Atmosphere Models. IV. Elf Owl: Atmospheric Mixing and Chemical Disequilibrium with Varying Metallicity and C/O Ratios
- Sulphur dioxide in the mid-infrared transmission spectrum of WASP-39b
- Awesome SOSS: Transmission Spectroscopy of WASP-96b with NIRISS/SOSS
- The Hazy and Metal-Rich Atmosphere of GJ 1214 b Constrained by Near and Mid-Infrared Transmission Spectroscopy
- The First JWST Spectral Energy Distribution of a Y dwarf
- Quartz Clouds in the Dayside Atmosphere of the Quintessential Hot Jupiter HD 189733 b
- The JWST Weather Report from the Nearest Brown Dwarfs I: multi-period JWST NIRSpec + MIRI monitoring of the benchmark binary brown dwarf WISE 1049AB
- Nitrogen as a Tracer of Giant Planet Formation. I.: A Universal Deep Adiabatic Profile and Semi-analytical Predictions of Disequilibrium Ammonia Abundances in Warm Exoplanetary Atmospheres
- Multiple Clues for Dayside Aerosols and Temperature Gradients in WASP-69 b from a Panchromatic JWST Emission Spectrum
- Data availability and requirements relevant for the Ariel space mission and other exoplanet atmosphere applications
- JWST-TST DREAMS: A Precise Water Abundance for Hot Jupiter WASP-17b from the NIRISS SOSS Transmission Spectrum
- JWST COMPASS: NIRSpec/G395H Transmission Observations of the Super-Earth TOI-776b
- First Observations of the Brown Dwarf HD 19467 B with JWST
- Challenges in the detection of gases in exoplanet atmospheres
- Observation of undepleted phosphine in the atmosphere of a low-temperature brown dwarf
- TOI-837b is a Young Saturn-sized Exoplanet with a Massive 70 Core
- JWST-TST DREAMS: Non-Uniform Dayside Emission for WASP-17b from MIRI/LRS
- The infrared colors of 51 Eridani b: micrometereoid dust or chemical disequilibrium?
- The impact of spectral line wing cut-off: Recommended standard method with application to MAESTRO opacity database
- Worlds Next Door: A Candidate Giant Planet Imaged in the Habitable Zone of Cen A. I. Observations, Orbital and Physical Properties, and Exozodi Upper Limits
- PICASO 4.0: Clouds and Photochemistry in Climate Models of Brown Dwarfs and Exoplanets
- Cloudy mornings and clear evenings on a gas giant exoplanet
- GEMS JWST: Transmission spectroscopy of TOI-5205b reveals significant stellar contamination and a metal-poor atmosphere
- The model for cloudy substellar atmospheres: A grid of self-consistent substellar atmosphere models with microphysical cloud formation
- Probing reflection from aerosols with the near-infrared dayside spectrum of WASP-80b
- Multidimensional half-moment multigroup radiative transfer. Improving moment-based thermal models of circumstellar disks
- The Impact of Irradiation on the Radius and Thermal Evolution of Transiting Brown Dwarfs
- Reflected-light Phase Curves with PICASO: A Kepler-7b Case Study
- A grid of self-consistent MSG (MARCS-StaticWeather-GGchem) cool stellar, sub-stellar, and exoplanetary model atmospheres
- Large-amplitude Variability Driven by Giant Dust Storms on a Planetary-mass Companion
- Reliability of 1D radiative-convective photochemical-equilibrium retrievals on transit spectra of WASP-107b
- A 1.48-2.48 m R=28000 spectroscopic atlas of the L7.5 and T0.5 components of the nearest pair of brown dwarfs: Luhman 16AB
- Simulations of Electron Beam Interactions in Brown Dwarf Atmospheres
- JWST unveils a high mean molecular weight atmosphere for mini-Neptune TOI-1130b: Evidence for formation beyond the water ice line
- Panchromatic View of the Frigid Jovian Exoplanet COCONUTS-2 b
- Impact of Clouds on the Atmosphere-Mantle Interface of Sub-Neptunes
- Panchromatic characterization of the Y0 brown dwarf WISEP J173835.52+273258.9 using JWST/MIRI
- Next-generation Exo-REM atmospheric models: application to VHS 1256 b to emulate patchy clouds
- Atmospheric Signatures of Common Envelope Evolution in White Dwarf Planets