Probing the Coevolution of Supermassive Black Holes and Galaxies Using Gravitationally Lensed Quasar Hosts

Abstract

In the present-day universe, supermassive black hole masses (MBH) appear to be strongly correlated with their galaxy's bulge luminosity, among other properties. In this study, we explore the analogous relationship between MBH, derived using the virial method, and the stellar R-band bulge luminosity (Lr) or stellar bulge mass (M*) at epochs of 1 < z < 4.5 using a sample of 31 gravitationally lensed AGNs and 20 non-lensed AGNs. At redshifts z > 1.7 (10--12 Gyrs ago), we find that the observed MBH--Lr relation is nearly the same (to within ~0.3 mag) as it is today. When the observed Lr are corrected for luminosity evolution, this means that the black holes grew in mass faster than their hosts, with the MBH/M* mass ratio being a factor of > 4(+2)(-1) times larger at z > 1.7 than it is today. By the redshift range 1<z<1.7 (8-10 Gyrs ago), the MBH/M* ratio is at most two times higher than today, but it may be consistent with no evolution. Combining the results, we conclude that the ratio MBH/M* rises with look-back time, although it may saturate at ~6 times the local value. Scenarios in which moderately luminous quasar hosts at z>1.7 were fully formed bulges that passively faded to the present epoch are ruled out.

ApJ accepted, includes Referee comments and statistics to better quantify the statistical significance of results. 23 pages, 11 figures, 4 tables

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• Black Hole masses for 14 gravitational lensed quasars
• Gravitationally lensed QSOs in the ISSIS/WSO-UV era
• Is the Optically Unidentified Radio Source, FIRST J121839.7+295325, a Dark Lens?
• How Black Holes Stop Their Host Galaxy from Growing Without AGN Feedback
• Primordial black holes in the main lensing galaxy of FBQ 0951+2635
• Deflection and gravitational lensing of null and timelike signals in general asymptotically (anti-)de Sitter spacetimes
• High-Redshift Merger Model for Low-Frequency Gravitational Wave Background
• AGN evolution from large and deep X-ray surveys
• High-$z$ Universe probed via Lensing by QSOs (HULQ) II. Deep GMOS spectroscopy of a QSO lens candidate
• Strong correlation between FeII/MgII ratio and Eddington ratio of type 1 Active galactic nuclei
• Scaling Relations Between Low-mass Black Holes and Their Host Galaxies