H0LiCOW VI. Testing the fidelity of lensed quasar host galaxy reconstruction

Abstract

The empirical correlation between the mass of a super-massive black hole (MBH) and its host galaxy properties is widely considered to be evidence of their co-evolution. A powerful way to test the co-evolution scenario and learn about the feedback processes linking galaxies and nuclear activity is to measure these correlations as a function of redshift. Unfortunately, currently MBH can only be estimated in active galaxies at cosmological distances. At these distances, bright active galactic nuclei (AGN) can outshine the host galaxy, making it extremely difficult to measure the host's luminosity. Strongly lensed AGNs provide in principle a great opportunity to improve the sensitivity and accuracy of the host galaxy luminosity measurements as the host galaxy is magnified and more easily separated from the point source, provided the lens model is sufficiently accurate. In order to measure the MBH-L correlation with strong lensing, it is necessary to ensure that the lens modelling is accurate, and that the host galaxy luminosity can be recovered to at least a precision and accuracy better than that of the typical MBH measurement. We carry out extensive and realistic simulations of deep Hubble Space Telescope observations of lensed AGNs obtained by our collaboration. We show that the host galaxy luminosity can be recovered with better accuracy and precision than the typical uncertainty on MBH(~ 0.5 dex) for hosts as faint as 2-4 magnitudes dimmer than the AGN itself. Our simulations will be used to estimate bias and uncertainties on the actual measurements to be presented in a future paper.

arXiv comment18 pages, 13 figures. Revised version after submitted to MNRAS

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• H0LiCOW I. $H_0$ Lenses in COSMOGRAIL's Wellspring: Program Overview
• TDCOSMO. I. An exploration of systematic uncertainties in the inference of $H_0$ from time-delay cosmography
• The mass relations between supermassive black holes and their host galaxies at 1<z<2 with HST-WFC3
• Precision cosmology from future lensed gravitational wave and electromagnetic signals
• Strongly lensed repeating Fast Radio Bursts as precision probes of the universe
• The STRong lensing Insights into the Dark Energy Survey (STRIDES) 2016 follow-up campaign. I. Overview and classification of candidates selected by two techniques
• DES meets Gaia: discovery of strongly lensed quasars from a multiplet search
• H0LiCOW VIII. A weak lensing measurement of the external convergence in the field of the lensed quasar HE0435$-$1223
• Constraining cosmological parameters in FLRW metric with lensed GW+EM signals
• Time Delay Lens Modelling Challenge
• KiDS-SQuaD II: Machine learning selection of bright extragalactic objects to search for new gravitationally lensed quasars
• Improved time-delay lens modelling and $H_0$ inference with transient sources
• Quasar lenses and pairs in the VST-ATLAS and Gaia
• H0LiCOW VII. Cosmic evolution of the correlation between black hole mass and host galaxy luminosity
• Anomalies in Time Delays of Lensed Gravitational Waves and Dark Matter Substructures
• Strongly Lensed Gravitational Waves and Electromagnetic Signals as Powerful Cosmic Rulers
• Models of the strongly lensed quasar DES J0408-5354
• Testing the Evolution of the Correlations between Supermassive Black Holes and their Host Galaxies using Eight Strongly Lensed Quasars
• Quasar Lenses and Galactic Streams: Outlier Selection and GAIA Multiplet Detection
• H0LiCOW XI. A weak lensing measurement of the external convergence in the field of the lensed quasar B1608+656 using HST and Subaru deep imaging
• Discovery of three strongly lensed quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• New probe of gravity: strongly lensed gravitational wave multi-messenger approach
• Constraining quasar structure using high-frequency microlensing variations and continuum reverberation
• Bright lenses are easy to find: Spectroscopic confirmation of lensed quasars in the Southern Sky
• ALMA Observations of the Gravitational Lens SDP.9
• Testing the uniqueness of gravitational lens mass models
• Black Hole masses for 14 gravitational lensed quasars