SHARP - III: First Use Of Adaptive Optics Imaging To Constrain Cosmology With Gravitational Lens Time Delays

Abstract

Accurate and precise measurements of the Hubble constant are critical for testing our current standard cosmological model and revealing possibly new physics. With Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging, each strong gravitational lens system with measured time delays can allow one to determine the Hubble constant with an uncertainty of $\sim 7\%$. Since HST will not last forever, we explore adaptive-optics (AO) imaging as an alternative that can provide higher angular resolution than HST imaging but has a less stable point spread function (PSF) due to atmospheric distortion. To make AO imaging useful for time-delay-lens cosmography, we develop a method to extract the unknown PSF directly from the imaging of strongly lensed quasars. In a blind test with two mock data sets created with different PSFs, we are able to recover the important cosmological parameters (time-delay distance, external shear, lens mass profile slope, and total Einstein radius). Our analysis of the Keck AO image of the strong lens system RXJ1131-1231 shows that the important parameters for cosmography agree with those based on HST imaging and modeling within 1-$\sigma$ uncertainties. Most importantly, the constraint on the model time-delay distance by using AO imaging with $0.045"$resolution is tighter by $\sim 50\%$ than the constraint of time-delay distance by using HST imaging with $0.09"$when a power-law mass distribution for the lens system is adopted. Our PSF reconstruction technique is generic and applicable to data sets that have multiple nearby point sources, enabling scientific studies that require high-precision models of the PSF.

20 pages, 15 figures

References in corpus (11)

• The Halos of Satellite Galaxies: the Companion of the Massive Elliptical Lens SL2S J08544-0121
• Strong lensing optical depths in a \LambdaCDM universe
• The mass-sheet degeneracy and time-delay cosmography: Analysis of the strong lens RXJ1131-1231
• Cosmological Constraints from Gravitational Lens Time Delays
• SHARP - II. Mass structure in strong lenses is not necessarily dark matter substructure: A flux ratio anomaly from an edge-on disc
• COSMOGRAIL: the COSmological MOnitoring of GRAvItational Lenses V. The time delay in SDSS J1650+4251
• Data Mining for Gravitationally Lensed Quasars
• CHITAH: Strong-gravitational-lens hunter in imaging surveys
• Statistical and systematic uncertainties in pixel-based source reconstruction algorithms for gravitational lensing
• Deconvolution of HST images of the Cloverleaf gravitational lens : detection of the lensing galaxy and a partial Einstein ring
• Adaptive optics observations of the gravitationally lensed quasar SDSS J1405+0959

Cited by in corpus (49)

• H0LiCOW XIII. A 2.4% measurement of $H_0$ from lensed quasars: $5.3\sigma$ tension between early and late-Universe probes
• H0LiCOW V. New COSMOGRAIL time delays of HE0435-1223: $H_0$ to 3.8% precision from strong lensing in a flat $\Lambda$CDM model
• H0LiCOW - IX. Cosmographic analysis of the doubly imaged quasar SDSS 1206+4332 and a new measurement of the Hubble constant
• H0LiCOW I. $H_0$ Lenses in COSMOGRAIL's Wellspring: Program Overview
• A SHARP view of H0LiCOW: $H_0$ from three time-delay gravitational lens systems with adaptive optics imaging
• STRIDES: a 3.9 per cent measurement of the Hubble constant from the strong lens system DES J0408-5354
• Time Delay Cosmography
• H0LiCOW IV. Lens mass model of HE 0435-1223 and blind measurement of its time-delay distance for cosmology
• The mass relations between supermassive black holes and their host galaxies at 1<z<2 with HST-WFC3
• Precision cosmology from future lensed gravitational wave and electromagnetic signals
• Is every strong lens model unhappy in its own way? Uniform modelling of a sample of 13 quadruply+ imaged quasars
• The mass-sheet degeneracy and time-delay cosmography: Analysis of the strong lens RXJ1131-1231
• H0LiCOW XII. Lens mass model of WFI2033-4723 and blind measurement of its time-delay distance and $H_0$
• Quantifying Environmental and Line-of-Sight Effects in Models of Strong Gravitational Lens Systems
• Strong lensing time-delay cosmography in the 2020s
• STRIDES: Automated uniform models for 30 quadruply imaged quasars
• Could quasar lensing time delays hint to a core component in halos, instead of H0 tension?
• The STRong lensing Insights into the Dark Energy Survey (STRIDES) 2017/2018 follow-up campaign: Discovery of 10 lensed quasars and 10 quasar pairs
• Constraints on interacting dark energy models from time-delay cosmography with seven lensed quasars
• SHARP - V. Modelling gravitationally-lensed radio arcs imaged with global VLBI observations
• Improved time-delay lens modelling and $H_0$ inference with transient sources
• TDCOSMO. IX. Systematic comparison between lens modelling software programs: time delay prediction for WGD 2038-4008
• TDCOSMO. VII. Boxyness/discyness in lensing galaxies : Detectability and impact on $H_0$
• TDCOSMO III: Dark matter substructure meets dark energy -- the effects of (sub)halos on strong-lensing measurements of $H_0$
• Cosmological distance indicators
• HOLISMOKES -- IV. Efficient mass modeling of strong lenses through deep learning
• Multiple Images and Flux Ratio Anomaly of Fuzzy Gravitational Lenses
• H0LiCOW VII. Cosmic evolution of the correlation between black hole mass and host galaxy luminosity
• Constraining the microlensing effect on time delays with new time-delay prediction model in $H_0$ measurements
• Toward an internally consistent astronomical distance scale
• Strongly Lensed Gravitational Waves and Electromagnetic Signals as Powerful Cosmic Rulers
• H0LiCOW VI. Testing the fidelity of lensed quasar host galaxy reconstruction
• Systematic errors induced by the elliptical power-law model in galaxy-galaxy strong lens modeling
• A Search for Gravitationally Lensed Quasars and Quasar Pairs in Pan-STARRS1: Spectroscopy and Sources of Shear in the Diamond 2M1134$-$2103
• SHARP -- VI. Evidence for CO (1-0) molecular gas extended on kpc-scales in AGN star forming galaxies at high redshift
• Testing the Evolution of the Correlations between Supermassive Black Holes and their Host Galaxies using Eight Strongly Lensed Quasars
• ALMA view of RX J1131-1231: Sub-kpc CO (2-1) mapping of a molecular disk in a lensed star-forming quasar host galaxy
• TDCOSMO VIII: Cosmological distance measurements in light of the mass-sheet degeneracy -- forecasts from strong lensing and IFU stellar kinematics
• A Highly Magnified Gravitationally Lensed Red QSO at z = 2.5 with a Significant Flux Ratio Anomaly
• A Spectroscopic Survey of the Fields of 28 Strong Gravitational Lenses: Implications for $H_0$
• Hubble Constant from LSST Strong lens time delays with microlensing systematics
• Simulating time-varying strong lenses
• Point-spread function reconstruction of adaptive-optics imaging: Meeting the astrometric requirements for time-delay cosmography
• Strong Lensing and $H_0$
• Unveiling the Universe with Emerging Cosmological Probes
• High-resolution imaging follow-up of doubly imaged quasars
• Detection of millimeter-wave coronal emission in a quasar at cosmological distance using microlensing
• Hubble Tension and Dark Energy in Teleparallel Gauss-Bonnet Gravity: New Constraints from DESI BAO, Pantheon${}^{+}$ and Hubble Data
• SHARP VIII: J0924+0219 lens mass distribution and time-delay prediction through adaptive-optics imaging