H0LiCOW V. New COSMOGRAIL time delays of HE0435-1223: $H_0$ to 3.8% precision from strong lensing in a flat $\Lambda$CDM model

Abstract

We present a new measurement of the Hubble Constant H0 and other cosmological parameters based on the joint analysis of three multiply-imaged quasar systems with measured gravitational time delays. First, we measure the time delay of HE0435-1223 from 13-year light curves obtained as part of the COSMOGRAIL project. Companion papers detail the modeling of the main deflectors and line of sight effects, and how these data are combined to determine the time-delay distance of HE 0435-1223. Crucially, the measurements are carried out blindly with respect to cosmological parameters in order to avoid confirmation bias. We then combine the time-delay distance of HE0435-1223 with previous measurements from systems B1608+656 and RXJ1131-1231 to create a Time Delay Strong Lensing probe (TDSL). In flat $\Lambda$CDM with free matter and energy density, we find $H_0$ = 71.9 +2.4 -3.0 km/s/Mpc and ${\Omega }_{\Lambda }$ = 0.62 +0.24 -0.35 . This measurement is completely independent of, and in agreement with, the local distance ladder measurements of H0. We explore more general cosmological models combining TDSL with other probes, illustrating its power to break degeneracies inherent to other methods. The TDSL and Planck joint constraints are $H_0$ = 69.2 +1.4 -2.2 km/s/Mpc, ${\Omega }_{\Lambda }$ = 0.70 +0.01 -0.01 and ${\Omega }_k$ = 0.003 +0.004 -0.006 in open $\Lambda$CDM and $H_0$ = 79.0 +4.4 -4.2 km/s/Mpc, ${\Omega }_{de}$ = 0.77 +0.02 -0.03 and $w$ = -1.38 +0.14 -0.16 in flat $w$CDM. Combined with Planck and Baryon Acoustic Oscillation data, when relaxing the constraints on the numbers of relativistic species we find $N_{eff}$ = 3.34 +0.21 -0.21 and when relaxing the total mass of neutrinos we find 0.182 eV. In an open $w$CDM in combination with Planck and CMB lensing we find $H_0$ = 77.9 +5.0 -4.2 km/s/Mpc, ${\Omega }_{de}$ = 0.77 +0.03 -0.03, ${\Omega }_k$ = -0.003 +0.004 -0.004 and $w$ = -1.37 +0.18 -0.23.

arXiv comment19 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Light curves and simulated data can be downloaded at http://www.h0licow.org

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• HOLISMOKES -- X. Comparison between neural network and semi-automated traditional modeling of strong lenses
• Ultralight dark photon as a model for early universe dark matter
• Model-Independent Determination of $H_0$ and ${\Omega }_{K,0}$ using Time-Delay Galaxy Lenses and Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Prospects of strongly lensed fast radio bursts: Simultaneous measurement of post-Newtonian parameter and Hubble constant
• Precise Clustering and Density Evolution of redMaPPer Galaxy Clusters versus MXXL Simulation
• Braids, 3-manifolds, elementary particles: number theory and symmetry in particle physics
• The DES Bright Arcs Survey: Candidate Strongly Lensed Galaxy Systems from the Dark Energy Survey 5,000 Sq. Deg. Footprint
• Constraining Cosmological and Galaxy Parameters using Strong Gravitational Lensing Systems
• Strongly lensed supernovae as a self-sufficient probe of the distance duality relation
• Discovering Strongly-lensed QSOs From Unresolved Light Curves
• Identifying lensed quasars and measuring their time-delays from unresolved light curves
• Cosmological constraints from low-redshift data
• Measuring time delays: II. Using observations of the unresolved flux and astrometry
• Hubble distancing: Focusing on distance measurements in cosmology
• TDCOSMO XV: Population Analysis of Lines of Sight of 25 Strong Galaxy-Galaxy Lenses with Extreme Value Statistics
• A model independent parametrization of the late time cosmic acceleration: constraints on the parameters from recent observations
• Vainshtein Screening in Bimetric Cosmology
• Cosmological Parameter Estimation Using Current and Future Observations of Strong Gravitational Lensing
• Hubble Constant from LSST Strong lens time delays with microlensing systematics
• HOLISMOKES -- XI. Evaluation of supervised neural networks for strong-lens searches in ground-based imaging surveys
• Probing a light dark sector at future lepton colliders via invisible decays of the SM-like and dark Higgs bosons
• Imprint of thawing scalar fields on large scale galaxy overdensity
• Early dark energy constraints with late-time expansion marginalization
• Towards a Solution to the H0 Tension: the Price to Pay
• Constraints on interacting dynamical dark energy and a new test for $\Lambda$CDM
• Direct tests of General Relativity under screening effect with galaxy-scale strong lensing systems
• Cosmic Time Slip: Testing Gravity on Supergalactic Scales with Strong-Lensing Time Delays
• FRBs Lensed by Point Masses I. Lens Mass Estimation for Doubly Imaged FRBs
• Cosmological Distances And Hubble Tension In Einstein-Cartan Theory
• On the cosmological performance of photometrically classified supernovae with machine learning
• A new Einstein Cross gravitational lens of a Lyman-break galaxy
• Mathematical Underpinnings of the Multi-Wavelength Structure of the TRGB
• SU(2)${}_{\mathrm{CMB}}$ and the cosmological model: angular power spectra
• Calibrating the James Webb Space Telescope filters as star formation rate indicators
• TD-CARMA: Painless, accurate, and scalable estimates of gravitational-lens time delays with flexible CARMA processes
• Observational constraints in Delta Gravity: CMB and supernovas
• Serendipitous discovery of a strong-lensed galaxy in integral field spectroscopy from MUSE
• Imprint of Early Dark Energy in Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background
• Accurate spectroscopic redshift of the multiply lensed quasar PSOJ0147 from the Pan-STARRS survey
• Gravitational waves, CMB polarization, and the Hubble tension
• Interplay of CMB Temperature, Space Curvature, and Expansion Rate Parameters
• Probing Gravitational Slip with Strongly Lensed Fast Radio Bursts
• The Hubble Rate Trouble: An Effective Field Theory of Dark Matter
• HOLISMOKES XIII: Strong-lens candidates at all mass scales and their environments from the Hyper-Suprime Cam and deep learning
• Testing the Equivalence Principle with Strong Lensing Time Delay Variations
• Large-Distance Lens Uncertainties and Time-Delay Measurements of $H_0$
• SU(2)$_{\tiny\mbox{CMB}}$ at high redshifts and the value of $H_0$
• Probing dark energy using convergence power spectrum and bi-spectrum
• Observation and Confirmation of Nine Strong Lensing Systems in Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Data
• Gravitationally Lensed Quasar SDSS J1442+4055: Redshifts of Lensing Galaxies, Time Delay, Microlensing Variability, and Intervening Metal System at z ~ 2
• Unveiling the Universe with Emerging Cosmological Probes
• First black hole mass estimation for the quadruple lensed system WGD2038-4008
• Gravitational Lens System PS J0147+4630 (Andromeda's Parachute): Main Lensing Galaxy and Optical Variability of the Quasar Images
• A search for gravitationally lensed supernovae within the Zwicky Transient Facility public survey
• A closer look at the quadruply lensed quasar PSOJ0147: spectroscopic redshifts and microlensing effect
• Foreground biases in strong gravitational lensing
• Detecting unresolved lensed SNe Ia in LSST using blended light curves
• An SU(2) gauge principle for the Cosmic Microwave Background: Perspectives on the Dark Sector of the Cosmological Model
• LensWatch. II. Improved Photometry and Time-delay Constraints on the Strongly Lensed Type Ia Supernova 2022qmx ("SN Zwicky") with HST Template Observations
• Phantom Dirac-Born-Infeld Dark Energy
• Hubble tension and matter inhomogeneities: a theoretical perspective
• Estimating Hubble Constant with Gravitational Observations: A Concise Review
• Using simulated Tianqin gravitational wave data and electromagnetic wave data to study the coincidence problem and Hubble tension problem
• Forward modelling of quasar light curves and the cosmological matter power spectrum on milliparsec scales
• Mass Reconstruction of Galaxy-scale Strong Gravitational Lenses Using a Broken Power-law Model
• Cosmological application of the lens-redshift probability distribution with improved galaxy-scale gravitational lensing sample
• GausSN: Bayesian Time-Delay Estimation for Strongly Lensed Supernovae
• Discovery of the lensed quasar eRASS1 J050129.5-073309 with $\text{SRG}/$eROSITA and $Gaia$
• Towards a new proposal for the time delay in gravitational lensing
• An Accretion Flare Interpretation for the Ultra-High-Energy Neutrino Event KM3-230213A
• TDCOSMO. XXIII. Measurement of the Hubble constant from the doubly lensed quasar HE1104-1805
• Constraints on the phase transition of Early Dark Energy with the CMB anisotropies
• Accelerating lensed quasar discovery and modeling with physics-informed variational autoencoders
• Black Hole masses for 14 gravitational lensed quasars
• Transformers as Strong Lens Detectors- From Simulation to Surveys
• Considering light-matter interactions in the Friedmann equations
• HOLISMOKES -- XIV. Time-delay and differential dust extinction determination with lensed type II supernova color curves
• HOLISMOKES XVI: Lens search in HSC-PDR3 with a neural network committee and post-processing for false-positive removal
• High Performance Computing for gravitational lens modeling: single vs double precision on GPUs and CPUs
• Harnessing Unresolved Lensed Quasars: The Mathematical Foundation of the Fluctuation Curve
• A Geometric Probe of Cosmology: I. Gravitational Lensing Time Delays and Quasar Reverberation Mapping
• Single-object Imaging and Spectroscopy to Enhance Dark Energy Science from LSST
• Reducing false positives in strong lens detection through effective augmentation and ensemble learning
• Line-of-sight effects on double source plane lenses
• Accounting for Correlations When Fitting Extra Cosmological Parameters
• Universal time delay in static spherically symmetric spacetimes for null and timelike signals
• Role of Spatial Curvature in a Dark Energy Interacting Model
• Crash testing difference-smoothing algorithm on a large sample of simulated light curves from TDC1
• SU(2) Yang-Mills thermodynamics: a priori estimate and radiative corrections
• VENUS: Strong-lensing model of MACS J1931.8-2635 -- revealing the farthest multiply imaged supernova
• A gigaparsec-scale local void and the Hubble tension
• Search for strong galaxy-galaxy lensing in SDSS-III BOSS
• Can Einstein (rings) surf Gravitational Waves?
• Analysis of the angular dependence of time delay in gravitational lensing
• Decaying Dark Matter: Simulations and Weak-Lensing Forecast
• Toward a renewed Galactic Cepheid distance scale from Gaia and optical interferometry
• Reheating after relaxation of large cosmological constant
• Accelerated expansion as manifestation of gravity: when Dark Energy belongs to the left
• HOLISMOKES -- XVIII. Cosmology with strongly lensed type II supernovae: Effects of instrumental setups on $H_0$