HE 0435-1223: a wide separation quadruple QSO and gravitational lens

Abstract

We report the discovery of a new gravitationally lensed QSO, at a redshift z = 1.689, with four QSO components in a cross-shaped arrangement around a bright galaxy. The maximum separation between images is 2.6 arcsec, enabling a reliable decomposition of the system. Three of the QSO components have g = 19.6, while component A is about 0.6 mag brighter. The four components have nearly identical colours, suggesting little if any dust extinction in the foreground galaxy. The lensing galaxy is prominent in the i band, weaker in r and not detected in g. Its spatial profile is that of an elliptical galaxy with a scale length of $\sim$ 12 kpc. Combining the measured colours and a mass model for the lens, we estimate a most likely redshift range of 0.3 < z < 0.4. Predicted time delays between the components are $\la$ 10 days. The QSO shows evidence for variability, with total g band magnitudes of 17.89 and 17.71 for two epochs separated by $\sim 2$ months. However, the relative fluxes of the components did not change, indicating that the variations are intrinsic to the QSO rather than induced by microlensing.

7 pages, submitted to Astronomy and Astrophysics

Cited by in corpus (78)

• H0LiCOW XIII. A 2.4% measurement of $H_0$ from lensed quasars: $5.3\sigma$ tension between early and late-Universe probes
• H0LiCOW V. New COSMOGRAIL time delays of HE0435-1223: $H_0$ to 3.8% precision from strong lensing in a flat $\Lambda$CDM model
• The Sloan Lens ACS Survey. V. The Full ACS Strong-Lens Sample
• Probing the Coevolution of Supermassive Black Holes and Galaxies Using Gravitationally Lensed Quasar Hosts
• TDCOSMO IV: Hierarchical time-delay cosmography -- joint inference of the Hubble constant and galaxy density profiles
• H0LiCOW I. $H_0$ Lenses in COSMOGRAIL's Wellspring: Program Overview
• Warm dark matter chills out: constraints on the halo mass function and the free-streaming length of dark matter with 8 quadruple-image strong gravitational lenses
• A SHARP view of H0LiCOW: $H_0$ from three time-delay gravitational lens systems with adaptive optics imaging
• Sizes and Temperature Profiles of Quasar Accretion Disks from Chromatic Microlensing
• The Sloan Lens ACS Survey. VII. Elliptical Galaxy Scaling Laws from Direct Observational Mass Measurements
• H0LiCOW IV. Lens mass model of HE 0435-1223 and blind measurement of its time-delay distance for cosmology
• Tests for Substructure in Gravitational Lenses
• SHARP -- VII. New constraints on the dark matter free-streaming properties and substructure abundance from gravitationally lensed quasars
• The Time Delays of Gravitational Lens HE0435-1223: An Early-Type Galaxy With a Rising Rotation Curve
• Gravitational Lens Time Delays: A Statistical Assessment of Lens Model Dependences and Implications for the Global Hubble Constant
• The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Lens Search. I. Candidate Selection Algorithm
• Identifying Lenses with Small-Scale Structure. I. Cusp Lenses
• The Microlensing Properties of a Sample of 87 Lensed Quasars
• The redshift distribution of gravitational lenses revisited: Constraints on galaxy mass evolution
• Strongly lensed repeating Fast Radio Bursts as precision probes of the universe
• COSMOGRAIL: the COSmological MOnitoring of GRAvItational Lenses IX. Time delays, lens dynamics and baryonic fraction in HE 0435-1223
• H0LiCOW III. Quantifying the effect of mass along the line of sight to the gravitational lens HE 0435-1223 through weighted galaxy counts
• Microlensing Makes Lensed Quasar Time Delays Significantly Time Variable
• The influence of diffuse scattered light I. The PSF and its role to observations of the edge-on galaxy NGC 5907
• The Hubble Constant
• Probing dark matter substructure in the gravitational lens HE0435-1223 with the WFC3 grism
• COSMOGRAIL XIX: Time delays in 18 strongly lensed quasars from 15 years of optical monitoring
• Identifying Lenses with Small-Scale Structure. II. Fold Lenses
• Testing the dark energy with gravitational lensing statistics
• The Effect of Environment on Shear in Strong Gravitational Lenses
• COSMOGRAIL: the COSmological MOnitoring of GRAvItational Lenses III. Redshift of the lensing galaxy in eight gravitationally lensed quasars
• Integral-field spectroscopy of the quadruple QSO HE 0435-1223: Evidence for microlensing
• Spatially Resolved Velocity Maps of Halo Gas Around Two Intermediate-redshift Galaxies
• Substructure in the lens HE 0435-1223
• Probing the Cool Interstellar and Circumgalactic Gas of Three Massive Lensing Galaxies at z=0.4-0.7
• The Lens Redshift and Group Environment for HE 0435-1223
• Galaxy Number Counts and Implications for Strong Lensing
• H0LiCOW II. Spectroscopic survey and galaxy-group identification of the strong gravitational lens system HE0435-1223
• X-ray Monitoring of Gravitational Lenses With Chandra
• The Hubble constant from eight time-delay galaxy lenses
• A Study of Gravitational Lens Chromaticity using Ground-based Narrow Band Photometry
• H0LiCOW VIII. A weak lensing measurement of the external convergence in the field of the lensed quasar HE0435$-$1223
• The Optical, Ultraviolet, and X-ray Structure of the Quasar HE 0435-1223
• How robust are the constraints on cosmology and galaxy evolution from the lens-redshift test?
• Cosmic Evolution of Virial and Stellar Mass in Massive Early-Type Galaxies
• HE 0047-1756: A new gravitationally lensed double QSO
• Spectroscopic Redshifts for Seven Lens Galaxies
• $H_0$ from ten well-measured time delay lenses
• Observations of radio-quiet quasars at 10mas resolution by use of gravitational lensing
• TDCOSMO III: Dark matter substructure meets dark energy -- the effects of (sub)halos on strong-lensing measurements of $H_0$
• TDCOSMO 2025: Cosmological constraints from strong lensing time delays
• Probing the Broad Line Region and the Accretion Disk in the Lensed Quasars HE0435-1223, WFI2033-4723, and HE2149-2745 using Gravitational Microlensing
• SDSS J1650+4251: A New Gravitational Lens
• Bayesian Analysis of Quasar Lightcurves with a Running Optimal Average: New Time Delay Measurements of COSMOGRAIL Gravitationally Lensed Quasars
• H0LiCOW VI. Testing the fidelity of lensed quasar host galaxy reconstruction
• A Spectroscopic Survey of the Fields of 28 Strong Gravitational Lenses: The Redshift Catalog
• The PCA Lens-Finder: application to CFHTLS
• Testing the Evolution of the Correlations between Supermassive Black Holes and their Host Galaxies using Eight Strongly Lensed Quasars
• Quasar Lenses and Galactic Streams: Outlier Selection and GAIA Multiplet Detection
• Extinction properties of lensing galaxies
• I. Flux and color variations of the quadruply imaged quasar HE 0435-1223
• COSMOGRAIL: the COSmological MOnitoring of GRAvItational Lenses IV. Models of prospective time-delay lenses
• A New Einstein Cross: A Highly Magnified, Intrinsically Faint Lyman-Alpha Emitter at z=2.7
• Three Gravitational Lenses for the Price of One: Enhanced Strong Lensing through Galaxy Clustering
• Estimate of the Accretion Disk Size in the Gravitationally Lensed Quasar HE 0435-1223 using Microlensing Magnification Statistics
• MiNDSTEp differential photometry of the gravitationally lensed quasars WFI2033-4723 and HE0047-1756: Microlensing and a new time delay
• Prospects of strongly lensed fast radio bursts: Simultaneous measurement of post-Newtonian parameter and Hubble constant
• Discovering Strongly-lensed QSOs From Unresolved Light Curves
• A new Einstein Cross gravitational lens of a Lyman-break galaxy
• Combining strongly lensed and unlensed fast radio bursts: To be a more precise late-universe probe
• Magnification relations of quad lenses and applications on Einstein crosses
• Machine learning and Kolmogorov analysis to reveal gravitational lenses
• Black Hole masses for 14 gravitational lensed quasars
• Finding Lensed Radio Sources with the VLA Sky Survey
• HerS-3: An Exceptional Einstein Cross Reveals a Massive Dark Matter Halo
• Detection of colour variations from gravitational microlensing observations in the quadruple quasar HE0435-1223: Implications for the accretion disk
• Gaia GraL: Gaia gravitational lens systems IX. Using XGBoost to explore the Gaia Focused Product Release GravLens catalogue
• New Dynamical Measurements from a Lensed Quasar Sample: Joint Analysis Constrains the Mass Profile Evolution of Lens Galaxies