Massive Dark-matter halos and Evolution of Early-type Galaxies to z=1

Abstract

(Shortened) The combination of lensing and stellar dynamics breaks the mass-anisotropy degeneracy and provides stringent constraints on the mass distribution in early-type (E/S0) galaxies out to z~1. We present the combined results from the five field E/S0 lens galaxies at z=0.5-1.0 analyzed as part of the LSD Survey. We find: (i) Constant M/L models are ruled out at >99% CL for all five E/S0s. The projected dark-matter mass fractions inside the Einstein (effective) radius is f_DM=0.37-0.72 (0.15-0.65) for isotropic models. (ii) The average power-law slope of the total mass distribution is <γ'>=1.75+-0.10 for isotropic models with 0.20 rms scatter. The ratio between the observed central stellar velocity dispersion and that from the best-fit SIE lens model is <f_SIE>=<σ/σ_SIE>=0.87+-0.04 with 0.08 rms. Considering that γ'>2 and f_SIE>1 have been reported for other systems, we conclude that there is a significant intrinsic scatter in the density slopes of E/S0s (rms \~15%). Hence, the isothermal approximation is not sufficiently accurate for applications that depend critically on the slope of the mass density profile (i.e. measuring H_0). (iii) The inner power-law slope of the dark-matter halo is constrained to be <γ>=1.3(+0.2/-0.4) (68% CL) for the isotropic model or an upper limit of γ<0.6, if the galaxies are radially anisotropic (r_i=R_e). This is consistent with numerical simulations only for an isotropic velocity ellipsoid and if baryonic collapse and star-formation do not steepen dark-matter density profiles. (iv) The average stellar M/L evolves as d\log(M_*/L_B)/dz =-0.72+-0.10, obtained via the FP. Based on lensing and dynamics we find d\log(M_*/L_B)/dz=-0.75+-0.17, indicating that the M/L ratio evolution for our sample of field E/S0s is faster than those in clusters.

ApJ in press; 24 pages, 11 figures, 7 tables; minor changes in response to the referee's comments. Conclusions unchanged

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• The Intergalactic Stellar Population from Mergers of Elliptical Galaxies with Dark Matter halos
• Systematics in ETG Mass Profile Modelling: Strong Lensing & Stellar Dynamics
• Superradiant dark matter production from primordial black holes: Impact of multiple modes and gravitational wave emission
• Optical+NIR analysis of a Newly Confirmed Einstein ring at z$\sim$1 from the Kilo-Degree Survey: Dark matter fraction, total and dark matter density slope and IMF
• Search for strong galaxy-galaxy lensing in SDSS-III BOSS
• A Multiwavelength Portrait of the 3C 220.3 Lensed System
• Lenses In VoicE (LIVE): Searching for strong gravitational lenses in the VOICE@VST survey using Convolutional Neural Networks
• The Energy Dependence of Micro Black Hole Horizon in Quantum Gravity Theory
• Using strong lensing to understand the microJy radio emission in two radio quiet quasars at redshift 1.7
• Constraints on dark and visible mass in galaxies from strong gravitational lensing
• Milky-Way-like stars in a galaxy core 8 billion years ago revealed by gravitational lensing
• Testing General Relativity on Galactic Scales via DESI-BAO and Strong Lensing: Circumventing Assumptions on the Hubble Constant, Sound Horizon, and Dark Energy
• Spheroids scaling relations over cosmic time
• Gravitational lensing of Continuous Gravitational Waves
• A Salpeter IMF and an NFW halo: Disentangling the dark and stellar mass of an elliptical galaxy through precise lens modelling of a double-source-plane system
• ALMA Measurement of 10 kpc-scale Lensing Power Spectra towards the Lensed Quasar MG J0414+0534
• The lens SW05 J143454.4+522850: a fossil group at redshift 0.6?
• A Fuzzy Situation Eased: Cold Dark Matter with Multipoles Can Explain The Double Radio Quad Lens HS 0810+2554
• Most Strong Lensing Deflectors in the AGEL Survey Are in Group and Cluster Environments