Using strong lensing to understand the microJy radio emission in two radio quiet quasars at redshift 1.7
arXiv:2109.10720 · doi:10.1093/mnras/stab2758
Abstract
The radio quasar luminosity function exhibits an upturn around W Hz that is well-modelled by a star-forming host galaxy population. This distribution leads some authors to cite star formation as the main radio emission mechanism in so-called radio-quiet quasars (RQQs). Understanding the origin of RQQ radio emission is crucial for our understanding of quasar feedback mechanisms -- responsible for the regulation of star-formation in the host galaxy -- and for understanding galaxy evolution as a whole. By observing RQQs that have been magnified by strong gravitational lensing, we have direct access to the RQQ population out to cosmic noon, where evidence for twin mini-jets has recently been found in a sub-\textmu Jy RQQ. Here we present radio observations of two lensed RQQs using the VLA at 5~GHz, the latest objects to be observed in a sample of quadruply-imaged RQQs above -30. In SDSS~J1004+4112 we find strong evidence for AGN-related radio emission in the variability of the source. In PG~1115+080 we find tentative evidence for AGN-related emission, determined by comparing the radio luminosity with modelled dust components. If confirmed in the case of PG~1115+080, which lies on the radio--FIR correlation, the result would reinforce the need for caution when applying the correlation to rule out jet activity and when assuming no AGN heating of FIR-emitting dust when calculating star formation rates. Our programme so far has shown that two of the faintest radio sources ever imaged show strong evidence for AGN-dominated radio emission.
arXiv commentAccepted by MNRAS; 15 pages, 9 figures
References in corpus (116)
- emcee: The MCMC Hammer
- Planck 2015 results. XIII. Cosmological parameters
- The Global Schmidt Law in Star Forming Galaxies
- Cosmic Star Formation History
- The many lives of active galactic nuclei: cooling flows, black holes and the luminosities and colours of galaxies
- Relativistic Jets in Active Galactic Nuclei
- The Infrared Astronomical Mission AKARI
- On the fundamental dichotomy in the local radio-AGN population: accretion, evolution, and host galaxy properties
- Direct Detection of CDM Substructure
- The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey - II. First data release
- Evidence for substructure in lens galaxies?
- Massive Dark-matter halos and Evolution of Early-type Galaxies to z=1
- Gravitational Lensing
- Gravitational detection of a low-mass dark satellite at cosmological distance
- An Accurate Flux Density Scale from 50 MHz to 50 GHz
- Compound gravitational lensing as a probe of dark matter substructure within galaxy halos
- Quasar feedback and the origin of radio emission in radio-quiet quasars
- The Mass Distribution of SDSS J1004+4112 Revisited
- A Herschel view of the far-infrared properties of submillimetre galaxies
- The internal structure and formation of early-type galaxies: the gravitational--lens system MG2016+112 at z=1.004
- The far-infrared/radio correlation as probed by Herschel
- A SHARP view of H0LiCOW: from three time-delay gravitational lens systems with adaptive optics imaging
- The Quadruple Gravitational Lens PG1115+080: Time Delays and Models
- Cosmology from gravitational lens time delays and Planck data
- MOJAVE XIII. Parsec-Scale AGN Jet Kinematics Analysis Based on 19 years of VLBA Observations at 15 GHz
- The SL2S Galaxy-scale Lens Sample. IV. The dependence of the total mass density profile of early-type galaxies on redshift, stellar mass, and size
- ALMA Imaging and Gravitational Lens Models of South Pole Telescope-Selected Dusty, Star-Forming Galaxies at High Redshifts
- The dusty heart of nearby active galaxies -- II. From clumpy torus models to physical properties of dust around AGN
- The LoTSS view of radio AGN in the local Universe. The most massive galaxies are always switched on
- Tests for Substructure in Gravitational Lenses
- A Gravitationally Lensed Quasar with Quadruple Images Separated by 14.62 Arcseconds
- XMM-NEWTON Reveals the Quasar Outflow in PG 1115+080
- Probing Dark Matter Substructure in Lens Galaxies
- VLA-COSMOS 3GHz Large Project: The infrared-radio correlation of star-forming galaxies and AGN to
- The far-infrared/radio correlation and radio spectral index of galaxies in the SFR-M* plane up to z 2
- Prevalence of radio jets associated with galactic outflows and feedback from quasars
- Evidence for dark matter contraction and a Salpeter IMF in a massive early-type galaxy
- The LOFAR window on star-forming galaxies and AGN - curved radio SEDs and IR-radio correlation at
- The SL2S Galaxy-scale Lens Sample. V. Dark Matter Halos and Stellar IMF of Massive Early-type Galaxies out to Redshift 0.8
- Mapping the radial structure of AGN tori
- The sub-mJy radio sky in the Extended Chandra Deep Field South: source population
- The role of star-formation and AGN in dust heating of z = 0.3-2.8 galaxies - I. Evolution with redshift and luminosity
- MOJAVE: Monitoring of Jets in Active Galactic Nuclei with VLBA Experiments. XI. Spectral distributions
- ALMA Observations of SPT-Discovered, Strongly Lensed, Dusty, Star-Forming Galaxies
- AGN and Starburst Radio Emission from Optically Selected QSOs
- Radio Variability of Radio Quiet and Radio Loud Quasars
- The radio structure of radio-quiet quasars
- Star formation in quasar hosts and the origin of radio emission in radio-quiet quasars
- How to distinguish starbursts and quiescently star-forming galaxies: The `bimodal' submillimetre galaxy population as a case study
- On the two main classes of Active Galactic Nuclei
- Observations and Theoretical Implications of the Large Separation Lensed Quasar SDSS J1004+4112
- An Infrared Einstein Ring in the Gravitational Lens PG 1115+080
- The Two-Component Radio Luminosity Function of QSOs: Star Formation and AGN
- The central image of a gravitationally lensed quasar
- Constraints on the Inner Mass Profiles of Lensing Galaxies from Missing Odd Images
- Subaru Mid-infrared Imaging of the Quadruple Lenses PG1115+080 and B1422+231: Limits on Substructure Lensing
- Probing dark matter substructure in the gravitational lens HE0435-1223 with the WFC3 grism
- The Rewards of Patience: An 822 Day Time Delay in the Gravitational Lens SDSS J1004+4112
- AGN are cooler than you think: the intrinsic far-IR emission from QSOs
- Star Formation in Luminous HII regions in M33
- Star formation properties of sub-mJy radio sources
- Relating dust, gas and the rate of star formation in M31
- Another piece of the puzzle: the fast HI outflow in Mrk231
- Keck Spectroscopy of the Gravitational Lens System PG 1115+080: Redshifts of the Lensing Galaxies
- A Submillimeter Survey of Gravitationally Lensed Quasars
- Discovery of Multiply Imaged Galaxies behind the Cluster and Lensed Quasar SDSS J1004+4112
- On the origin of radio core emission in radio-quiet quasars
- LoTSS/HETDEX: Optical quasars I. Low-frequency radio properties of optically selected quasars
- Discovery of a Fifth Image of the Large Separation Gravitationally Lensed Quasar SDSS J1004+4112
- Evidence that the AGN dominates the radio emission in z ~ 1 radio-quiet quasars
- What drives the radio slopes in radio quiet quasars?
- The radio loudness of SDSS quasars from the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey: ubiquitous jet activity and constraints on star formation
- A Strong X-Ray Flux Ratio Anomaly in the Quadruply Lensed Quasar PG 1115+080
- Multi wavelength study of the gravitational lens system RXS J1131-1231: II Lens model and source reconstruction
- Gravitational lensing reveals extreme dust-obscured star formation in quasar host galaxies
- Simulating the interstellar medium of galaxies with radiative transfer, non-equilibrium thermochemistry, and dust
- The near-infrared spectrum of Mrk 1239: direct evidence of the dusty torus?
- Mean and Extreme Radio Properties of Quasars and the Origin of Radio Emission
- Unveiling the origin of the radio emission in radio-quiet quasars
- XMM-Newton and Chandra Spectroscopy of the Variable High-Energy Absorption of PG 1115+080: Refined Outflow Constraints
- The evolution of star formation in quasar host galaxies
- The Resolved Distributions of Dust Mass and Temperature in Local Group Galaxies
- Non-parametric strong lens inversion of SDSS J1004+4112
- Models of the giant quadruple quasar SDSS J1004+4112
- Observations of radio-quiet quasars at 10mas resolution by use of gravitational lensing
- Strong lensing reveals jets in a sub-microJy radio quiet quasar
- The rocky road to quiescence: compaction and quenching of quasar host galaxies at z~2
- Global 8.4-GHz VLBI observations of JVAS B0218+357
- The size of a quasar's mid-IR emission region inferred from microlensed images of Q2237+0305
- Galaxy wide radio induced feedback in a radio quiet quasar
- Redshift of the Einstein Ring in MG1549+305
- Size of the accretion disk in the gravitationally lensed quasar SDSS J1004+4112 from the statistics of microlensing magnifications
- Spectroscopic Confirmation of the Fifth Image of SDSS J1004+4112 and Implications for the M_BH-sigma_* Relation at z=0.68
- The Saas Fee Lectures on Strong Gravitational Lensing
- The Wide-Angle Outflow of the Lensed z = 1.51 AGN HS 0810+2554
- SDSS J1004+4112: the case for a galaxy cluster dominated by primordial black holes
- A new VLA/e-MERLIN limit on central images in the gravitational lens system CLASS B1030+074
- The post-Herschel view of intrinsic AGN emission: constructing templates for galaxy and AGN emission at IR wavelengths
- Starburst galaxies in the COSMOS field: clumpy star-formation at redshift 0 < z < 0.5
- The faintest radio source yet: EVLA observations of the gravitational lens SDSS J1004+4112
- ALMA view of RX J1131-1231: Sub-kpc CO (2-1) mapping of a molecular disk in a lensed star-forming quasar host galaxy
- Magnified Views of the Ultrafast Outflow of the z = 1.51 AGN HS 0810+2554
- VLA and ALMA observations of the lensed radio-quiet quasar SDSS J0924+0219: a molecular structure in a 3 microJy radio source
- Spectroscopy and polarimetry of the gravitationally lensed quasar SDSS J1004+4112 with the 6m SAO RAS telescope
- Placing LOFAR-detected quasars in CIV emission space: implications for winds, jets and star formation
- Shocks and dust survival in nearby active galaxies: implications for the alignment effect
- Gravitational lensing in LoTSS DR2 -- Extremely faint 144-MHz radio emission from two highly magnified quasars
- AGNs are not that cool: revisiting the intrinsic AGN far-infrared spectral energy distribution
- The VLA Frontier Fields Survey: Deep, High-resolution Radio Imaging of the MACS Lensing Clusters at 3 and 6 GHz
- The optically-selected 1.4-GHz quasar luminosity function below 1 mJy
- LoTSS/HETDEX: Disentangling star formation and AGN activity in gravitationally-lensed radio-quiet quasars
- PG 1115+080: variations of the A2/A1 flux ratio and new values of the time delays
- Probing the Wind Component of Radio Emission in Luminous High-Redshift Quasars
- Gravitational lensing at milliarcsecond angular resolution with VLBI observations
- The gravitational lens J1131-1231 - How to avoid missing an opportunity
- A possible radio supernova in the outer part of NGC 3310