The Sloan Lens ACS Survey. III - The Structure and Formation of Early-type Galaxies and their Evolution since z~1

Abstract

(Abridged) We present a joint gravitational lensing and stellar dynamical analysis of fifteen massive field early-type galaxies, selected from the Sloan Lens (SLACS) Survey. The following numerical results are found: (i) A joint-likelihood gives an average logarithmic density slope for the total mass density of 2.01 (+0.02/-0.03) (68 perecnt C.L). inside the Einstein radius. (ii) The average position-angle difference between the light distribution and the total mass distribution is found to be 0+-3 degrees, setting an upper limit of <= 0.035 on the average external shear. (iii) The average projected dark-matter mass fraction is inferred to be 0.25+-0.06 inside R_E, using the stellar mass-to-light ratios derived from the Fundamental Plane as priors. (iv) Combined with results from the LSD Survey, we find no significant evolution of the total density slope inside one effective radius: a linear fit gives dγ'/dz = 0.23+-0.16 (1-sigma) for the range z=0.08-1.01. The small scatter and absence of significant evolution in the inner density slopes suggest a collisional scenario where gas and dark matter strongly couple during galaxy formation, leading to a total mass distribution that rapidly converge to dynamical isothermality.

arXiv comment19 pages, 5 figures, 1 table; Accepted by ApJ

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• New database for a sample of optically bright lensed quasars in the northern hemisphere
• The BOSS Emission-Line Lens Survey V. Morphology and Substructure of Lensed Lyman-$\alpha$ Emitters at redshift $z\approx 2.5$ in the BELLS GALLERY
• The Very Knotty Lenser: exploring the role of regularization in source and potential reconstructions using Gaussian Process Regression
• A New Quadruply Lensed Quasar: SDSSJ125107.57+293540.5
• Total mass density slopes of early-type galaxies using Jeans dynamical modelling at redshifts $0.29<z<0.55$
• Steepened inner density profiles of group galaxies via interactions: An N-body analysis
• Stellar mass estimates in early-type galaxies from lensing+dynamical and photometric measurements
• The Herschel-ATLAS: magnifications and physical sizes of $500\mu$m-selected strongly lensed galaxies
• The dichotomy of dark matter fraction and total mass density slope of galaxies over five dex in mass
• Testing the Evolution of the Correlations between Supermassive Black Holes and their Host Galaxies using Eight Strongly Lensed Quasars
• A twelve-image gravitational lens system in the z ~ 0.84 cluster Cl J0152.7-1357
• A machine learning based approach to gravitational lens identification with the International LOFAR Telescope
• The global mass - to - light ratio of SLACS lenses
• New Strong Gravitational Lenses from the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys Data Release 9
• Golden gravitational lensing systems from the Sloan Lens ACS Survey. I. SDSS J1538+5817: one lens for two sources
• Consistency testing for invariance of the speed of light at different redshifts: the newest results from strong lensing and type Ia supernovae observations
• TDCOSMO VI: Distance Measurements in Time-delay Cosmography under the Mass-sheet transformation
• A new VLA/e-MERLIN limit on central images in the gravitational lens system CLASS B1030+074
• Light versus dark in strong-lens galaxies: Dark matter haloes that are rounder than their stars
• Dark Matter in Elliptical Galaxies
• Searching for axion-like particles under strong gravitational lenses
• Mass distribution and orbital anisotropy of early-type galaxies: constraints from the Mass Plane
• ALMA observations of lensed Herschel sources : Testing the dark-matter halo paradigm
• Strong lensing probability in TeVeS theory
• Gravitational lensing by wave dark matter halos
• Lensing Model of MACS J1149.5+2223 - I. Cluster mass reconstruction
• Estimating cosmological parameters from future gravitational lens surveys
• Planck's Dusty GEMS. III. A massive lensing galaxy with a bottom-heavy stellar initial mass function at z=1.5
• Two-component Jaffe models with a central black hole. I: the spherical case
• A relation between the dark mass of elliptical galaxies and their shape
• CLASH: Extending galaxy strong lensing to small physical scales with distant sources highly-magnified by galaxy cluster members
• Astrophysical Tests of Dark Matter Self-Interactions
• Mass density slope of elliptical galaxies from strong lensing and resolved stellar kinematics
• The impact of $\Lambda$CDM substructure and baryon-dark matter transition on the image positions of quad galaxy lenses
• GLaD: Gravitational Lensing and Dynamics, combined analysis to unveil properties of high-redshift galaxies
• Automated Lensing Learner: Automated Strong Lensing Identification with a Computer Vision Technique
• Generalised model-independent characterisation of strong gravitational lenses VI: the origin of the formalism intrinsic degeneracies and their influence on $H_0$
• Separating Galaxies from the Cluster Dark Matter Halo in Abell 611
• Sparse Lens Inversion Technique (SLIT): lens and source separability from linear inversion of the source reconstruction problem
• Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) Blended Spectra Catalog: Strong Galaxy-Galaxy Lens and Occulting Galaxy Pair Candidates
• Crash-testing the CAULDRON code for joint lensing and dynamics analysis of early-type galaxies
• SEAGLE--II: Constraints on feedback models in galaxy formation from massive early type strong lens galaxies
• A search for the third lensed image in JVAS B1030+074
• Shape, shear & flexion: An analytic flexion formalism for realistic mass profiles
• An integral-field spectroscopic strong lens survey
• The impact of line-of-sight structures on measuring $H_0$ with strong lensing time-delays
• J0454-0309: Evidence for a strong lensing fossil group falling into a poor galaxy cluster
• Extensive light profile fitting of galaxy-scale strong lenses
• Constraining the multi-scale dark-matter distribution in CASSOWARY 31 with strong gravitational lensing and stellar dynamics
• Migration of Star Clusters and Nuclear Rings
• The clustering of baryonic matter. I: a halo-model approach
• The evolution of late-type galaxies from CASSOWARY lensing systems
• Three Gravitational Lenses for the Price of One: Enhanced Strong Lensing through Galaxy Clustering
• Analytic Relations for Magnifications and Time Delays in Gravitational Lenses with Fold and Cusp Configurations
• Using deep Residual Networks to search for galaxy-Lyα emitter lens candidates based on spectroscopic-selection
• Two-dimensional kinematics of SLACS lenses - IV. The complete VLT-VIMOS data set
• Identification of Galaxy-Galaxy Strong Lens Candidates in the DECam Local Volume Exploration Survey Using Machine Learning
• MS 2053.7-0449: Confirmation of a bimodal mass distribution from strong gravitational lensing
• A Gravitationally Lensed Quasar Discovered in OGLE
• Direct Estimate of the Post-Newtonian Parameter and Cosmic Curvature from Galaxy-scale Strong Gravitational Lensing
• Auto-identification of unphysical source reconstructions in strong gravitational lens modelling
• Probing the Slope of Cluster Mass Profile with Gravitational Einstein Rings: Application to Abell 1689
• Gauging the dark matter fraction in a $L_{\ast }$ S0 galaxy at z=0.47 through gravitational lensing from deep HST/ACS imaging
• Precision cosmology with time delay lenses: high resolution imaging requirements
• On the origin of intrinsic alignment in cosmic shear measurements: an analytic argument
• Finding Strong Gravitational Lenses Through Self-Attention
• LESSER: A Catalogue of Spectroscopically selected sample of Lyman-$\alpha$ Emitters Lensed By Galaxies
• Revisiting the bulge-halo conspiracy II: Towards explaining its puzzling dependence on redshift
• ULAS J234311.93-005034.0: A gravitational lens system selected from UKIDSS and SDSS
• An accurate analytic mass model for lensing galaxies
• Results of optical monitoring of 5 SDSS double QSOs with the Nordic Optical Telescope
• A search for disk-galaxy lenses in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• The non-evolving internal structure of early-type galaxies: the case study SDSS J0728+3835 at z = 0.206
• The halo of M105 and its group environment as traced by planetary nebula populations: II. Using kinematics of single stars to unveil the presence of intragroup light around the Leo I galaxies NGC 3384 and M105
• A new tool to determine masses and mass profiles using gravitational flexion
• Constraints on the velocity profiles of galaxies from strong lensing statistics and semi-analytical modelling of galaxy formation
• Gravitational Nanolensing from Subsolar Mass Dark Matter Halos
• Probing cold dark matter subhalos with simulated ALMA observations of macrolensed sub-mm galaxies
• LeMoN: Lens Modelling with Neural networks -- I. Automated modelling of strong gravitational lenses with Bayesian Neural Networks
• Identifying Anomalies in Gravitational Lens Time Delays
• RXJ0437+00: Constraining Dark Matter with Exotic Gravitational Lenses
• DECi-hertz Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory: Forecast constraints on the cosmic curvature with LSST strong lenses
• Constraining Cosmological and Galaxy Parameters using Strong Gravitational Lensing Systems
• Difference Imaging of Lensed Quasar Candidates in the SDSS Supernova Survey Region
• Cosmological Tests With Strong Gravitational Lenses using Gaussian Processes
• Multi-messenger Gravitational Lensing
• Galaxy mass profiles from strong lensing I: The circular power-law model
• The mass distribution of a moderate redshift galaxy group and brightest group galaxy from gravitational lensing and kinematics
• Improving efficiency in radio surveys for gravitational lenses
• The X-shooter Lens Survey - II. Sample presentation and spatially resolved kinematics
• The dynamical structure of broken power-law and double power-law models for dark matter haloes
• Detection of Strongly Lensed Arcs in Galaxy Clusters with Transformers
• Strong Lensing as a Probe of the Mass Distribution Beyond the Einstein Radius. Mass & Light in SL2S J08544-0121, a Galaxy Group at z=0.35
• New Constraints on the Complex Mass Substructure in Abell 1689 from Gravitational Flexion
• Quantifying the structure of strong gravitational lens potentials with uncertainty-aware deep neural networks
• The SDSS Discovery of a Strongly Lensed Post-Starburst Galaxy at z=0.766
• A new class of galaxy models with a central BH -- I. The spherical case
• Unlensing HST Observations of the Einstein Ring 1RXS J1131-1231: A Bayesian Analysis
• Dark matter fraction of low-mass cluster members probed by galaxy-scale strong lensing
• Stellar kinematics of X-ray bright massive elliptical galaxies
• Deep learning method in testing the cosmic distance duality relation
• Pixelated Reconstruction of Foreground Density and Background Surface Brightness in Gravitational Lensing Systems using Recurrent Inference Machines
• Direct tests of General Relativity under screening effect with galaxy-scale strong lensing systems
• Golden gravitational lensing systems from the Sloan Lens ACS Survey. II. SDSS J1430+4105: A precise inner total mass profile from lensing alone
• The Fundamental Surface of Quad Lenses
• A new gravitational lens from the MUSCLES survey: ULAS J082016.1+081216
• The SLACS strong lens sample, debiased
• Deep Learning in Wide-field Surveys: Fast Analysis of Strong Lenses in Ground-based Cosmic Experiments
• Model-free analysis of quadruply imaged gravitationally lensed systems and substructured galaxies
• Test of the Equivalence Principle in the Dark Sector on Galactic Scales
• Constraints on neutrino masses from the lensing dispersion of Type Ia supernovae
• AGEL: Is the Conflict Real? Investigating Galaxy Evolution Models using Strong Lensing at 0.3 < z < 0.9
• Discovery of two Einstein crosses from massive post--blue nugget galaxies at z>1 in KiDS
• Characterising Strong Lensing Galaxy Clusters using the Millennium-XXL and MOKA simulations
• VLT adaptive optics search for luminous substructures in the lens galaxy towards SDSS J0924+0219
• The Fundamental Plane Relation of Early-Type Galaxies: Environmental Dependence
• Can we use Weak Lensing to Measure Total Mass Profiles of Galaxies on 20 kiloparsec Scales?
• Exploiting the diversity of modeling methods to probe systematic biases in strong lensing analyses
• Dark matter distribution in galaxy groups from combined strong lensing and dynamics analysis
• Dark matter inside early-type galaxies as function of mass and redshift
• SEAGLE--III: Towards resolving the mismatch in the dark-matter fraction in early-type galaxies between simulations and observations
• Galaxy mass profiles from strong lensing III: The two-dimensional broken power-law model
• CASCO: Cosmological and AStrophysical parameters from Cosmological simulations and Observations -- I. Constraining physical processes in local star-forming galaxies
• How much dark matter is there inside early-type galaxies?
• The coevolution of the velocity and mass functions of galaxies and dark haloes
• Developing a Victorious Strategy to the Second Strong Gravitational Lensing Data Challenge
• The central dark matter fraction of massive early-type galaxies
• Astrophysical constraints and insights on extended relativistic gravity
• Measuring gravitational lens time delays using low-resolution radio monitoring observations
• [NII] fine-structure emission at 122 and 205um in a galaxy at z=2.6: a globally dense star-forming interstellar medium
• Strong lensing by subhalos in the dwarf-galaxy mass range I: Image separations
• SDSS J1640+1932: a spectacular galaxy-quasar strong lens system
• Enhanced lensing rate by clustering of massive galaxies: newly discovered systems in the SLACS fields
• Lessons from a blind study of simulated lenses: image reconstructions do not always reproduce true convergence
• Shell galaxies: kinematical signature of shells, satellite galaxy disruption and dynamical friction
• Strong lens search in the ESO public Survey KiDS
• Effects of supermassive binary black holes on gravitational lenses
• The Observable Supernova Rate in Galaxy-Galaxy Lensing Systems with the TESS Satellite
• Polytropic dark halos of elliptical galaxies
• Early-type galaxy density profiles from IllustrisTNG: III. Effects on outer kinematic structure
• Density profile, velocity anisotropy and line-of-sight external convergence of SLACS gravitational lenses
• The quantity of dark matter in early-type galaxies and its relation to the environment
• Model-Independent Probe of Cosmic Distance Duality Relation
• High-$z$ Universe probed via Lensing by QSOs (HULQ) I. Number Estimates of QSO-QSO and QSO-Galaxy Lenses
• Dark matter in massive galaxies
• Strongly lensed candidates from the HSC transient survey
• Total and dark mass from observations of galaxy centers with Machine Learning
• Galaxy Spectra neural Networks (GaSNets). I. Searching for strong lens candidates in eBOSS spectra using Deep Learning
• Global Optimization methods for Gravitational Lens Systems with Regularized Sources
• Cosmological application of the lens-redshift probability distribution with improved galaxy-scale gravitational lensing sample
• The preferentially magnified active nucleus in IRAS F10214+4724 - I. Lens model and spatially resolved radio emission
• Milliarcsecond X-ray astrometry to resolve inner regions of AGN at $z>1$ using gravitational lensing
• Elliptical multipoles for gravitational lenses
• Simulation-guided galaxy evolution inference: A case study with strong lensing galaxies
• Optimizing machine learning methods to discover strong gravitational lenses in the Deep Lens Survey
• Observability of the virialization phase of spheroidal galaxies with radio arrays
• Constraints on Holographic cosmologies from strong lensing systems
• The SLACS strong lens sample, debiased. II. Lensing-only constraints on the stellar IMF and dark matter contraction in early-type galaxies
• The Hubble constant from galaxy lenses: impacts of triaxiality and model degeneracies
• Strong-lensing and kinematic analysis of CASSOWARY 31: can strong lensing constrain the masses of multi-plane lenses?
• Predicted multiply-imaged X-ray AGNs in the XXL survey
• Transformers as Strong Lens Detectors- From Simulation to Surveys
• Dark haloes as seen with gravitational lensing
• A Modular Deep Learning Pipeline for Galaxy-Scale Strong Gravitational Lens Detection and Modeling
• The discrepancy between Einstein mass and dynamical mass for SIS and power-law mass models
• Discovery of a Low-mass Strong-lens System in SMACS J0723.3-7327
• FBQ 0951+2635: time delay and structure of the main lensing galaxy
• Gravitational lenses in the dark Universe
• Deep Extragalactic VIsible Legacy Survey (DEVILS): DR1 Blended Spectra Search for Candidate Strong Gravitational Lenses
• Mapping the distribution of luminous and dark matter in strong lensing galaxies
• A doubled double hotspot in J0816+5003 and the logarithmic slope of the lensing potential
• A strong lensing model of the galaxy cluster PSZ1 G311.65-18.48
• Reducing false positives in strong lens detection through effective augmentation and ensemble learning
• Dark matter and alternative recipes for the missing mass
• Virial masses of late type galaxies from the SDSS DR16
• J0316+4328: a Probable "Asymmetric Double" Lens
• Is the Optically Unidentified Radio Source, FIRST J121839.7+295325, a Dark Lens?
• Multi-transonic spherical-type flows around massive black holes: galactic potential induced standing isothermal shocks
• Is there a tilt in the fundamental (hyper)plane?
• Optical+NIR analysis of a Newly Confirmed Einstein ring at z$\sim$1 from the Kilo-Degree Survey: Dark matter fraction, total and dark matter density slope and IMF
• The catalogue of virtual early-type galaxies from IllustrisTNG: validation and real observation consistency
• Robustness of Neural Ratio and Posterior Estimators to Distributional Shifts for Population-Level Dark Matter Analysis in Strong Gravitational Lensing
• Systematics in ETG Mass Profile Modelling: Strong Lensing & Stellar Dynamics
• Missing Lensed Images and the Galaxy Disk Mass in CXOCY J220132.8-320144
• A Multiwavelength Portrait of the 3C 220.3 Lensed System
• A method for efficient measurement of gravitational lens time delays
• LenNet: Direct Detection and Localization of Strong Gravitational Lenses in Wide-Field Sky Survey Images
• Confirming HSC strong lens candidates with DESI Spectroscopy. I. Project overview and first results
• New Dynamical Measurements from a Lensed Quasar Sample: Joint Analysis Constrains the Mass Profile Evolution of Lens Galaxies
• SHARP VIII: J0924+0219 lens mass distribution and time-delay prediction through adaptive-optics imaging
• Role of the companion lensing galaxy in the CLASS gravitational lens B1152+199
• Spheroids scaling relations over cosmic time
• Strong gravitational lensing with Euclid
• M/L in individual galaxies
• Galaxy And Mass Assembly: A Comparison between Galaxy-Galaxy Lens Searches in KiDS/GAMA
• A Salpeter IMF and an NFW halo: Disentangling the dark and stellar mass of an elliptical galaxy through precise lens modelling of a double-source-plane system
• SDSS-IV MaNGA: A Catalogue of Spectroscopically Detected Strong Galaxy-Galaxy Lens Candidates