Statistical strong lensing. I. Constraints on the inner structure of galaxies from samples of a thousand lenses

Abstract

Context: The number of known strong gravitational lenses is expected to grow substantially in the next few years. The statistical combination of large samples of lenses has the potential of providing strong constraints on the inner structure of galaxies. Aims: We investigate to what extent we can calibrate stellar mass measurements and constrain the average dark matter density profile of galaxies by statistically combining strong lensing data from thousands of lenses. Methods: We generate mock samples of axisymmetric lenses. We assume that, for each lens, we have measurements of two image positions of a strongly lensed background source, as well as magnification information from full surface brightness modelling, and a stellar population synthesis-based estimate of the lens stellar mass. We then fit models describing the distribution of the stellar population synthesis mismatch parameter ${\alpha }_{sps}$ (the ratio between the true stellar mass and the stellar population synthesis-based estimate) and dark matter density profile of the population of lenses to an ensemble of 1000 mock lenses. Results: The average ${\alpha }_{sps}$, projected dark matter mass and dark matter density slope can be obtained with great precision and accuracy, compared with current constraints. A flexible model and the knowledge of the lens detection efficiency as a function of image configuration are required in order to avoid a biased inference. Conclusions: Statistical strong lensing inferences from upcoming surveys have the potential to calibrate stellar mass measurements and to constrain the inner dark matter density profile of massive galaxies.

arXiv commentPublished on Astronomy & Astrophysics. A 2-minute summary video can be found at this link: https://youtu.be/En0-uJobqE4

References in corpus (62)

• emcee: The MCMC Hammer
• A Universal Density Profile from Hierarchical Clustering
• The EAGLE project: Simulating the evolution and assembly of galaxies and their environments
• Introducing the Illustris Project: Simulating the coevolution of dark and visible matter in the Universe
• The Hyper Suprime-Cam SSP Survey: Overview and Survey Design
• The Dark Energy Survey: more than dark energy - an overview
• Response of dark matter halos to condensation of baryons: cosmological simulations and improved adiabatic contraction model
• A systematic variation of the stellar initial mass function in early-type galaxies
• The Sloan Lens ACS Survey. X. Stellar, Dynamical, and Total Mass Correlations of Massive Early-type Galaxies
• The Sloan Lens ACS Survey. III - The Structure and Formation of Early-type Galaxies and their Evolution since z~1
• The Stellar Initial Mass Function in Early-Type Galaxies From Absorption Line Spectroscopy. II. Results
• Gravitational Lensing Analysis of the Kilo Degree Survey
• The initial mass function of early-type galaxies
• Baryon effects on the internal structure of LCDM halos in the EAGLE simulations
• TDCOSMO IV: Hierarchical time-delay cosmography -- joint inference of the Hubble constant and galaxy density profiles
• H0LiCOW I. $H_0$ Lenses in COSMOGRAIL's Wellspring: Program Overview
• The population of galaxy-galaxy strong lenses in forthcoming optical imaging surveys
• The Milky Way total mass profile as inferred from Gaia DR2
• Lenstronomy: multi-purpose gravitational lens modelling software package
• Bayesian Strong Gravitational-Lens Modeling on Adaptive Grids: Objective Detection of Mass Substructure in Galaxies
• The first and second data releases of the Kilo-Degree Survey
• Fast Automated Analysis of Strong Gravitational Lenses with Convolutional Neural Networks
• A Bayesian analysis of regularised source inversions in gravitational lensing
• Semi-linear gravitational lens inversion
• The Centers of Early-Type Galaxies with HST. VI. Bimodal Central Surface Brightness Profiles
• TDCOSMO. I. An exploration of systematic uncertainties in the inference of $H_0$ from time-delay cosmography
• Dark Matter Contraction and the Stellar Content of Massive Early-type Galaxies: Disfavoring "Light" Initial Mass Functions
• The SL2S Galaxy-scale Lens Sample. IV. The dependence of the total mass density profile of early-type galaxies on redshift, stellar mass, and size
• The Stellar Initial Mass Function in Early-Type Galaxies from Absorption Line Spectroscopy. III. Radial Gradients
• Evidence for dark matter contraction and a Salpeter IMF in a massive early-type galaxy
• SDSS-IV MaNGA: Stellar angular momentum of about 2300 galaxies: unveiling the bimodality of massive galaxy properties
• The SL2S Galaxy-scale Lens Sample. V. Dark Matter Halos and Stellar IMF of Massive Early-type Galaxies out to Redshift 0.8
• The Evolution and Structure of Early-type Field Galaxies: A Combined Statistical Analysis of Gravitational Lenses
• The SL2S Galaxy-scale Lens Sample. III. Lens Models, Surface Photometry and Stellar Masses for the final sample
• Dark matter halos of massive elliptical galaxies at $z\sim 0.2$ are well described by the Navarro-Frenk-White profile
• AutoLens: Automated Modeling of a Strong Lens's Light, Mass and Source
• The stellar and dark matter distributions in elliptical galaxies from the ensemble of strong gravitational lenses
• The SINFONI Nearby Elliptical Lens Locator Survey: Discovery of two new low-redshift strong lenses and implications for the initial mass function in giant early-type galaxies
• LinKS: Discovering galaxy-scale strong lenses in the Kilo-Degree Survey using Convolutional Neural Networks
• Survey of Gravitationally-lensed Objects in HSC Imaging (SuGOHI). I. Automatic search for galaxy-scale strong lenses
• The stellar initial mass function of early type galaxies from low to high stellar velocity dispersion: homogeneous analysis of ATLAS${}^{3D}$ and Sloan Lens ACS galaxies
• A calibration of the stellar mass fundamental plane at z ~ 0.5 using the micro-lensing induced flux ratio anomalies of macro-lensed quasars
• A low-mass cut-off near the hydrogen burning limit for Salpeter-like initial mass functions in early-type galaxies
• New high-quality strong lens candidates with deep learning in the Kilo Degree Survey
• Improving time-delay cosmography with spatially resolved kinematics
• Survey of Gravitationally-lensed Objects in HSC Imaging (SuGOHI). II. Environments and Line-of-Sight Structure of Strong Gravitational Lens Galaxies to z ~ 0.8
• Survey of gravitationally-lensed objects in HSC imaging (SuGOHI). III. Statistical strong lensing constraints on the stellar IMF of CMASS galaxies
• Survey of Gravitationally-lensed Objects in HSC Imaging (SuGOHI). VI. Crowdsourced lens finding with Space Warps
• Time-delay cosmographic forecasts with strong lensing and JWST stellar kinematics
• Dark matter contraction and stellar-mass-to-light ratio gradients in massive early-type galaxies
• On the Choice of Lens Density Profile in Time Delay Cosmography
• Evidence for radial variations in the stellar mass-to-light ratio of massive galaxies from weak and strong lensing
• Hierarchical Inference With Bayesian Neural Networks: An Application to Strong Gravitational Lensing
• Galaxy structure with strong gravitational lensing: decomposing the internal mass distribution of massive elliptical galaxies
• Survey of Gravitationally-lensed Objects in HSC Imaging (SuGOHI). IV. Lensed quasar search in the HSC survey
• On the average density profile of dark-matter halos in the inner regions of massive early-type galaxies
• The inner dark matter distribution of the Cosmic Horseshoe (J1148+1930) with gravitational lensing and dynamics
• Over-constrained Models of Time Delay Lenses Redux: How the Angular Tail Wags the Radial Dog
• HOLISMOKES -- IV. Efficient mass modeling of strong lenses through deep learning
• Differentiable Strong Lensing: Uniting Gravity and Neural Nets through Differentiable Probabilistic Programming
• Large-Scale Gravitational Lens Modeling with Bayesian Neural Networks for Accurate and Precise Inference of the Hubble Constant
• The X-shooter Lens Survey - II. Sample presentation and spatially resolved kinematics

Cited by in corpus (27)

• Strong lensing time-delay cosmography in the 2020s
• STRIDES: Automated uniform models for 30 quadruply imaged quasars
• Automated galaxy-galaxy strong lens modelling: no lens left behind
• Gravitational lensing formalism in a curved arc basis: A continuous description of observables and degeneracies from the weak to the strong lensing regime
• Beyond the bulge-halo conspiracy? Density profiles of Early-type galaxies from extended-source strong lensing
• Strong Lensing by Galaxies
• Strong lensing selection effects
• Statistical strong lensing. II. Cosmology and galaxy structure with time-delay lenses
• Statistical strong lensing. III. Inferences with complete samples of lenses
• On the detectability of strong lensing in near-infrared surveys
• LeMoN: Lens Modelling with Neural networks -- I. Automated modelling of strong gravitational lenses with Bayesian Neural Networks
• Discovering strongly lensed quasar candidates with catalogue-based methods from DESI Legacy Surveys
• The DES Bright Arcs Survey: Candidate Strongly Lensed Galaxy Systems from the Dark Energy Survey 5,000 Sq. Deg. Footprint
• A large population of strongly lensed faint submillimetre galaxies in future dark energy surveys inferred from JWST imaging
• A model for galaxy-galaxy strong lensing statistics in surveys
• Discovery of 19 strongly-lensed quasars, dual and projected quasars in DESI-LS
• Statistical strong lensing. IV. Inferences with no individual source redshifts
• The COSMOS-Web Lens Survey (COWLS) III: forecasts versus data
• The SLACS strong lens sample, debiased. II. Lensing-only constraints on the stellar IMF and dark matter contraction in early-type galaxies
• The revolution in strong lensing discoveries from Euclid
• Constraining galaxy properties with complete samples of lenses
• The spherical Fast Multipole Method (sFMM) for Gravitational Lensing Simulation
• The Quasar Candidates Catalogs of DESI Legacy Imaging Survey Data Release 9
• Time delay measurements with Broken Power Law model
• Lenses In VoicE (LIVE): Searching for strong gravitational lenses in the VOICE@VST survey using Convolutional Neural Networks
• Overview of the ESCAPE Dark Matter Test Science Project for Astronomers
• Most Strong Lensing Deflectors in the AGEL Survey Are in Group and Cluster Environments